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Dolo Addo or Dolo Ado or Dollo Ado () is one of the
woreda Districts of Ethiopia, also called woredas (; ''woreda''), are the third level of the administrative divisions of Ethiopia – after ''List of zones of Ethiopia, zones'' and the ''Regions of Ethiopia, regional states''. These districts are f ...
s in the
Somali Region The Somali Region (, , ), also known as Soomaali Galbeed () and officially the Somali Regional State, is a Regions of Ethiopia, regional state in eastern Ethiopia. It is the largest region of Ethiopia. The state borders the Ethiopian regions ...
of
Ethiopia Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Ken ...
. Part of the Liben Zone, Dolo Ado is located in the angle formed by the confluence of the Ganale Dorya with the
Dawa River Dawa or Dawah may refer to: Places China *Dawa, Jilin, in Ningjiang District, Songyuan *Dawa County (大洼县), Panjin, Liaoning *Dawa, Dawa County, Liaoning *Dawa, Changtu County, Liaoning *Dawa Chik, One Month in (Tibetan) Other countrie ...
, and bordered to the northwest by Filtu, on the northeast by Afder Zone, on the southeast by
Somalia Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa. The country is located in the Horn of Africa and is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, th ...
, and on the south by
Kenya Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country located in East Africa. With an estimated population of more than 52.4 million as of mid-2024, Kenya is the 27th-most-populous country in the world and the 7th most populous in Africa. ...
. Towns in Dollo Ado include Koole, *Helaweyn, and #Buur,
Dolo Dolo may refer to: Places *Dolo, Veneto, a town in the province of Venice, northern Italy *Dolo (river), a river in the Reggio-Emilia province of Italy *Dolo, Burkina Faso, a town in Burkina Faso *Dolo, Côtes-d'Armor, a town in France *Dolo, Eth ...
and Suftu. It is home to Garimarro and Degodia who are living in dollo ado. The altitude of this woreda ranges from 200 to 1000 meters above sea level. Other rivers in this woreda include the
Mena The Middle East and North Africa (MENA), also referred to as West Asia and North Africa (WANA) or South West Asia and North Africa (SWANA), is a geographic region which comprises the Middle East (also called West Asia) and North Africa together ...
. , Dolo Ado has 120 kilometers of all-weather gravel road and 540 kilometers of community roads; about 58.8% of the total population has access to drinking water.


History

Irrigation agriculture was introduced to the riverine inhabitants of this woreda by the Relief and Rehabilitation Commission (RRC) in the late 1970s. While the RRC encouraged this trend with the introduction of three irrigation pumps at selected points, a major impetus were local people who had fled to refugee camps in Somalia during the Ethiopian-Somali war, where they had the opportunity to acquire the basic skills and know-how of irrigation agriculture while participating in irrigation schemes in the Lower Juba River, and returning to Dolo Ado where they put their knowledge to use. These new skills have led to the arable lands on the dry riverbed and the flood plains, which used to be dry season grazing and farming areas for the Garimarro, Masarre, Degodia, and ujejen also becoming attractive to groups of newcomers, which has led to strife between the groups. Ahmed Ali Gedi has identified nine conflicts between Degodia sub-clans, who have traditionally had peaceful relations, which resulted in one or more casualties between 1997 and 2005. Furthermore, as the land between the flood plains and riverbanks, which was primarily basin woodlands and dry season pasturage, has been converted to commercial farming, this has caused
deforestation Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal and destruction of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. Ab ...
and displacement of the original inhabitants. In June, 2005, Both the Dawa and Ganale Dorya rivers overflowed their banks and flooded Dolo Ado. According to reports, six people died, irrigation pumps were swept away, and hundreds of livestock were drowned. In November 2008, Dolo Ado was one of the woredas heavily affected by the Ganale Dorya flooding. At least 10,740 people reportedly were displaced, and roads from Dolo to Filtu and Negele Boran were blocked. In 2012, the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia was established in the town of Dolo Ado.


Demographics

There has been a 30% population increase in 1994 when compared with the recorded population of 4,520 in the 1984 census, and the forecasted figure for 2005 indicates that there would be a 415% increase by the year 2005. Population experts and local leaders attribute this population boom to a number of factors of which the primary one is the large returnee population from neighboring Somalia. The 1997 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 13,412, of whom 7,678 were men and 64,734 were women; 3,301 or 8.39% of its population were urban dwellers. The largest ethnic group reported in Dolo Ado was the Somali 13,987 (96.8%). A study in 2005 categorized the woreda population as follows: 50% of the people are identified as agro-pastoralists, 30% as transhumant pastoralists, 15% as urban and 5% as sedentary farmers. Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the
Central Statistical Agency The Central Statistical Agency, also known as the Ethiopian Statistical Service (ESS; Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ስታቲስቲክስ አገልግሎት), is an Ethiopian government agency designated to provide all surveys and censuses for that ...
of Ethiopia (CSA), this woreda has a total population of 111,511, of whom 60,778 are men and 50,733 women. While 37,404 or 33.54% are urban inhabitants, a further 33,869 or 30.37% are pastoralists. 95.69% of the population said they were
Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...
. This woreda is primarily inhabited by Clans of Garimarro, Masarre and Degodia


Refugee camps

There are five refugee camps in the Dollo Ado region housing 219,284 refugees from Somalia: * Melkadida camp: 34,762 * Kobe camp: 48,164 * Hilaweyn camp: 51,314 * Bokolmanyo camp: 43,084 * Buramino camp: 41,960 The main areas of origin of these
refugee A refugee, according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), is a person "forced to flee their own country and seek safety in another country. They are unable to return to their own country because of feared persecution as ...
s are
Gedo Gedo (, , , or ''Ghedu'') is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in Jubaland, southern Somalia. Its regional capital is Garbahaarreey. The region was formed during 1974 and is bordered by the Ogaden in Ethiopia, the North Eastern Province ...
(53%),
Bay A bay is a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water, such as an ocean, a lake, or another bay. A large bay is usually called a ''gulf'', ''sea'', ''sound'', or ''bight''. A ''cove'' is a small, ci ...
(28%) and
Bakool Bakool (, , ) is a region ('' gobol'') in southwestern Somalia. Overview It is bordered by the Somali regions of Hiiraan, Bay and Gedo. Bakool, like Gedo, Bay and most parts of the Jubbada Dhexe (Middle Juba) region, used to be a part of th ...
(12%) and the main ethnicities are
Rahanweyn The Rahanweyn (, Northern Somali, Somali: , ), also known as the Digil and Mirifle () is a major Somali clan. It is one of the major Somali clans in the Horn of Africa, with a large territory in the densely populated fertile valleys of the Jubba ...
(58%),
Marehan The Marehan (, ) is a Somali clan, which is part of one of the largest Somali clan families, the Darod. The clan are the largest tribe in the Jubaland state and make the majority of the Gedo, Middle Juba and Lower Juba states, some major cities ...
(21%) and
Hawiye The Hawiye (; ) are one of the principal and largest of the Somali clans, tracing their lineage back to Sheikh Ahmed Bin Abdulrahman Bin Uthman, also known as Sheikh Hawiye, the eponymous figure of the clan. They are considered the earliest do ...
(9%). Between June and November 2011, a measles outbreak occurred in a refugee complex in Dolo Ado. Many of the refugees were unvaccinated. In 2017, with the support of UNHCR, a Dedebit MFI was created in the refugee camp of Dolo Ado.


Agriculture

A sample enumeration performed by the CSA in 2001 interviewed 8,437 farmers in this woreda, who held an average of 0.56 hectares of land. Of the 4,708 hectares of private land surveyed, 27.82% was under cultivation, 7.86% was pasture, 56.78% fallow, 1.06% woodland, and 3.31% was devoted to other uses; the area in woodland is missing. For the land surveyed in this woreda, 24.04% is planted in cereals like
maize Maize (; ''Zea mays''), also known as corn in North American English, is a tall stout grass that produces cereal grain. It was domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 9,000 years ago from wild teosinte. Native American ...
and
sorghum ''Sorghum bicolor'', commonly called sorghum () and also known as great millet, broomcorn, guinea corn, durra, imphee, jowar, or milo, is a species in the Poaceae, grass genus ''Sorghum (genus), Sorghum'' cultivated for its grain. The grain i ...
, 1.98% in pulses, 0.53% in root crops, and 0.85% vegetables. Permanent crops included 146.06 hectares planted in fruit trees. 41.2% of the farmers both raise crops and livestock, while 3.35% only grow crops and 55.45% only raise livestock. Land tenure in this woreda was distributed amongst 85.89% owning their land, 3.1% renting, and the remaining 11% holding their land under other forms of tenure.http://www.csa.gov.et/surveys/Agricultural_Sample_Enumeration_2001/Agricultural_Sample_Enumeration_2001


References

{{Districts of the Somali Region Districts of Somali Region Refugee camps in Ethiopia