Dolichoderinae is a

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...

ant Ants are Eusociality, eusocial insects of the Family (biology), family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the Taxonomy (biology), order Hymenoptera. Ants evolved from Vespoidea, vespoid wasp ancestors in the Cre ...

s, which includes species such as the Argentine ant (''Linepithema humile''), the erratic ant, the odorous house ant, and the cone ant. The subfamily presents a great diversity of species throughout the world, distributed in different

biogeographic realm A biogeographic realm is the broadest biogeography, biogeographic division of Earth's land surface, based on distributional patterns of terrestrial animal, terrestrial organisms. They are subdivided into bioregions, which are further subdivid ...

s, from the

Palearctic The Palearctic or Palaearctic is a biogeographic realm of the Earth, the largest of eight. Confined almost entirely to the Eastern Hemisphere, it stretches across Europe and Asia, north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa. Th ...

, Nearctic,

Afrotropical The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopi ...

region and

Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...

, to the

Middle East The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The term came into widespread usage by the United Kingdom and western Eur ...

, Australian, and Neotropical regions. This subfamily is distinguished by having a single petiole (no post-petiole) and a slit-like orifice, from which chemical compounds are released. Dolichoderine ants do not possess a sting, unlike ants in some other subfamilies, such as

Ponerinae Ponerinae, the ponerine ants, is a subfamily of ants in the Poneromorph subfamilies group, with about 1,600 species in 47 extant genera, including '' Dinoponera gigantea'' - one of the world's largest species of ant. Mated workers have replac ...

and

Myrmicinae Myrmicinae is a subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily ...

, instead relying on the chemical defensive compounds produced from the anal gland. Of the compounds produced by dolichoderine ants, several

terpenoid The terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, are a class of naturally occurring organic compound, organic chemicals derived from the 5-carbon compound isoprene and its derivatives called terpenes, diterpenes, etc. While sometimes used interchangeabl ...

s were identified including the previously unknown iridomyrmecin, isoiridomyrmecin, and iridodial. Such compounds are responsible for the smell given off by ants of this subfamily when crushed or disturbed.

Tribes and genera

* Bothriomyrmecini Dubovikov, 2005 **'' Arnoldius'' Dubovikov, 2005 **'' Bothriomyrmex'' Emery, 1869 **'' Chronoxenus'' Santschi, 1919 **'' Loweriella'' Shattuck, 1992 **'' Ravavy'' Fisher, 2009 * Dolichoderini Forel, 1878 **'' Dolichoderus'' Lund, 1831 * Leptomyrmecini Emery, 1913 **'' Anillidris'' Santschi, 1936 **'' Anonychomyrma'' Donisthorpe, 1947 **'' Azteca'' Forel, 1878 **†'' Chronomyrmex'' McKellar, Glasier & Engel, 2013 **'' Doleromyrma'' Forel, 1907 **'' Dorymyrmex'' Mayr, 1866 **'' Forelius'' Emery, 1888 **'' Froggattella'' Forel, 1902 **'' Gracilidris'' Wild & Cuezzo, 2006 **'' Iridomyrmex'' Mayr, 1862 **'' Leptomyrmex'' Mayr, 1862 **'' Linepithema'' Mayr, 1866 **'' Nebothriomyrmex'' Dubovikov, 2004 **'' Ochetellus'' Shattuck, 1992 **'' Papyrius'' Shattuck, 1992 **'' Philidris'' Shattuck, 1992 **'' Turneria'' Forel, 1895 *† Miomyrmecini

Carpenter Carpentry is a skilled trade and a craft in which the primary work performed is the cutting, shaping and installation of building materials during the construction of buildings, ships, timber bridges, concrete formwork, etc. Carpenter ...

, 1930 **†'' Miomyrmex''

, 1930 * Tapinomini Emery, 1913 **'' Aptinoma'' Fisher, 2009 **'' Axinidris'' Weber, 1941 **†'' Ctenobethylus'' Brues, 1939 **'' Ecphorella'' Forel, 1909 **'' Liometopum'' Mayr, 1861 **'' Tapinoma'' Förster, 1850 **'' Technomyrmex'' Mayr, 1872 *''

incertae sedis or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...

'' **†'' Alloiomma'' Zhang, 1989 **†'' Elaeomyrmex''

, 1930 **†'' Elaphrodites'' Zhang, 1989 **†'' Eldermyrmex'' Heterick & Shattuck, 2011 **†'' Emplastus'' Donisthorpe, 1920 **†'' Eotapinoma'' Dlussky, 1988 **†'' Eurymyrmex'' Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994 **†'' Kotshkorkia'' Dlussky, 1981 **†'' Ktunaxia'' Lapolla & Greenwalt, 2015 **†'' Leptomyrmula'' Emery, 1913 **†'' Petraeomyrmex''

, 1930 **†'' Proiridomyrmex'' Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2003 **†'' Protazteca''

, 1930 **†'' Usomyrma'' Dlussky, Radchenko & Dubovikoff, 2014 **†'' Yantaromyrmex'' Dlussky & Dubovikoff, 2013 **†'' Zherichinius'' Dlussky, 1988 Usomyrma mirabilis holotype male profile view

Usomyrma mirabilis holotype male profile view

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q385326 Ant subfamilies Taxa named by Auguste Forel

Tribes and genera

See also

References

External links