Dipterocarpus

'' D. retusus'' in Köhler
''Dipterocarpus'' is a genus of flowering plants and the type genus of family Dipterocarpaceae.

''Dipterocarpus'' is the third-largest and most diverse genus among the Dipterocarpaceae. The species are well known for timber, but less acknowledged for use in traditional herbal medicine. The genus has about 70 species, occurring in South Asia and Southeast Asia, from Sri Lanka and India to the Philippines. It is an important component of dipterocarp forests. Its generic name comes from Greek and means "two-winged fruits".

The greatest diversity of ''Dipterocarpus'' species occurs on Borneo, with many endemic to the island. The oldest fossil of the genus, and Dipterocarpaceae, is from the latest Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Intertrappean Beds of India.

Uses

The genus is of considerable importance as timber trees and for producing resinous oil. The oil is sold under the trade names gurjun oil, kanyin oil, wood oil, and Keruing oil. ''D. turbinatus'', gurjan, is a major commercial timber species found in the Andaman islands. Gurjan wood is very important for making plywood.

Accepted species

There are 65 accepted species:''Dipterocarpus'' C.F.Gaertn.
''Plants of the World Online'', Kew Science. Accessed 4 March 2023.

*'' Dipterocarpus acutangulus'' Vesque – Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus alatus'' Roxb. ex G.Don – northeastern India, Sri Lanka, Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia, and Philippines
*'' Dipterocarpus applanatus'' Slooten – Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus baudii'' Korth. – Bangladesh, Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra
*'' Dipterocarpus borneensis'' Sooten – Borneo and Sumatra
*'' Dipterocarpus bourdillonii'' Brandis – southwestern India
*'' Dipterocarpus caudiferus'' Merr. – Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus chartaceus'' Symington – Peninsular Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia
*'' Dipterocarpus cinereus'' Slooten – central Sumatra
*'' Dipterocarpus concavus'' Foxw. – Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra
*'' Dipterocarpus condorensis'' Pierre – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines, and Vietnam
** ''Dipterocarpus condorensis'' subsp. ''condorensis'' – Vietnam (Con Dao) and Philippines (Luzon and Mindanao)
** ''Dipterocarpus condorensis'' subsp. ''penangianus'' (Foxw.) P.S.Ashton & Luu – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus confertus'' Slooten – Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus conformis'' Slooten – northern Sumatra
*'' Dipterocarpus coriaceus'' Slooten – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus cornutus'' Dyer – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus costatus'' C.F.Gaertn. – Bangladesh, Indochina, and Peninsular Malaysia
*'' Dipterocarpus costulatus'' Slooten – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus crinitus'' Dyer – Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus cuspidatus'' P.S.Ashton – Borneo (northeastern Sarawak)
*'' Dipterocarpus dyeri'' Pierre ex Laness. – Indochina, northern Peninsular Malaysia, and northwestern Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus elongatus'' Korth. – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus eurhynchus'' Miq. – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, southern Philippines
*'' Dipterocarpus fagineus'' Vesque – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus fusiformis'' P.S.Ashton – northeastern Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus geniculatus'' Vesque – Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus glabrigemmatus'' P.S.Ashton – Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus glandulosus'' Thwaites – southwestern Sri Lanka
*'' Dipterocarpus globosus'' Vesque – Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus gracilis'' Blume – Assam to western Malesia and the Philippines
*'' Dipterocarpus grandiflorus'' (Blanco) Blanco – Bangladesh to Indochina, western Malesia, and the Philippines. The wood is sold as ''keruing'' timber
*'' Dipterocarpus hasseltii'' Blume – Indochina, western Malesia, Philippines, and Lesser Sunda Islands
*'' Dipterocarpus hispidus'' Thwaites – Sri Lanka
*'' Dipterocarpus humeratus'' Slooten – Sumatra and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus indicus'' Bedd. – southwestern India
*'' Dipterocarpus insignis'' Thwaites – Sri Lanka
*'' Dipterocarpus intricatus'' Dyer – Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam
*'' Dipterocarpus kerrii'' King – Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, and the Philippines. The wood is sold as ''keruing'' timber
*'' Dipterocarpus kunstleri'' King – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, and the Philippines
*'' Dipterocarpus lamellatus'' Hook.f. – Borneo (southwestern Sabah)
*'' Dipterocarpus littoralis'' Blume – southern Java
*'' Dipterocarpus lowii'' Hook.f. – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus mundus'' Slooten – central Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus nudus'' Vesque – northwestern Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus oblongifolius'' Blume – southern Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus obtusifolius'' Teijsm. ex Miq. – Indochina and Peninsular Malaysia
*'' Dipterocarpus ochraceus'' Meijer – northern Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus orbicularis'' Foxw. – Philippines (Luzon)
*'' Dipterocarpus pachyphyllus'' Meijer – northern and northwestern Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus palembanicus'' Slooten – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus perakensis'' P.S.Ashton – Peninsular Malaysia
*'' Dipterocarpud pseudocornutus'' P.S.Ashton – Philippines
*'' Dipterocarpus retusus'' Blume – Assam and Tibet to China (Yunnan), Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, and Lesser Sunda Islands
*'' Dipterocarpus rigidus'' Ridl. – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus rotundifolius'' Foxw. – Peninsular Malaysia
*'' Dipterocarpus sarawakensis'' Slooten – eastern Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo. Locally called the Sarawak ''keruing''
*'' Dipterocarpus scaber'' Buch.-Ham. – Bangladesh
*'' Dipterocarpus semivestitus'' Slooten – Peninsular Malaysia (Perak) and southeastern Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus stellatus'' Vesque – western Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus sublamellatus'' Foxw. – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus tempehes'' Slooten – Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus tuberculatus'' Roxb. – Bangladesh to Indochina
*'' Dipterocarpus turbinatus'' C.F.Gaertn. – eastern India to Indochina. The wood is sold as ''keruing ''timber
*'' Dipterocarpus validus'' Blume – northern and eastern Borneo to the Philippines
*'' Dipterocarpus verrucosus'' Foxw. ex Slooten – Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
*'' Dipterocarpus zeylanicus'' Thwaites – Sri Lanka

References

External links

{{Taxonbar, from=Q232722

Dipterocarpaceae genera
Flora of the Indomalayan realm