''Diospyros ferrea'', known as black ebony, is a tree in the ebony family, distributed in Burma (

Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...

Cambodia Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailan ...

India India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

, Malay Peninsula,

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...

, Laos (Khammouan) and

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northe ...

(Hengchun Peninsula and

Orchid Island Orchid Island, also known by other names, is a volcanic island off the southeastern coast of Taiwan Island. The island is part of Taiwan. It is separated from the Batanes of the Philippines by the Bashi Channel of the Luzon Strait. It is g ...

Common names

* Chinese - 象牙树 (literally "Ivory Tree") * Philippines - batulinau * Indonesia - bibisan, ai meten, wawama * Sri Lanka - Hik-ul-Haenda * Viet Nam - trandung * French - ngavi du fourré littoral (‘ngavi’ of littoral thickets, Aubréville). * West African - GHANA ADANGME gblεt∫o (FRI) NIGERIA HAUSA kas kawami (KO&S) YORUBA paroko (KO&S) SENEGAL DIOLA (Bayot) é tikuñi (JB) MANDING-MANINKA ko gélin ko: tree (JB) WOLOF sélah (JB)

Distribution

From West Africa to India, Indo-China, north to the

Ryukyu Island The , also known as the or the , are a chain of Japanese islands that stretch southwest from Kyushu to Taiwan: the Ōsumi, Tokara, Amami, Okinawa, and Sakishima Islands (further divided into the Miyako and Yaeyama Islands), with Yonaguni ...

s (Southern Japan), east to the Malesian area, Australia, Melanesia and Polynesia.

Uses

''D. ferrea'' is reported to be an important source of black ebony, but this is doubtful because of the unsatisfactory taxonomy of the group involved.

Gallery

File:象牙柿 Diospyros ferrea 20201024211015 01.jpg, Plant, slow growth, dark green leaves, dioecious File:象牙柿 Diospyros ferrea 20201024211015 02.jpg, Black bark and heartwood File:象牙柿 Diospyros ferrea 20201024211015 04.jpg, Cracked bark shape File:象牙柿 Diospyros ferrea 20201024211015 05.jpg, New branches

References

External resources

* *https://archive.today/20130707154040/http://211.114.21.20/tropicalplant/html/print.jsp?rno=950 *http://plants.jstor.org/upwta/2_11 *http://www.biotik.org/laos/species/d/diofe/diofe_en.html *https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053115/http://manoa.hawaii.edu/botany/plants_of_micronesia/index.php/scientific-names/360-diospyros-ferrea *https://tai2.ntu.edu.tw/species/508%20001%2004%200 *https://kmweb.coa.gov.tw/theme_data.php?theme=plant_illustration&id=555 {{Taxonbar, from=Q15245351 ferrea Flora of tropical Asia Flora of Japan