Dinitrobenzenes are

nitrobenzenes Nitrobenzenes are a group of nitro compounds consisting of one or more Nitro compound, nitro groups as substituents on a benzene core. They have the formula C6H6–''n''(NO2)''n'', where ''n'' = 1–6 is the number of nitro groups. Depending o ...

composed of a

benzene Benzene is an Organic compound, organic chemical compound with the Chemical formula#Molecular formula, molecular formula C6H6. The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a planar hexagonal Ring (chemistry), ring with one hyd ...

ring and two

nitro group In organic chemistry, nitro compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more nitro functional groups (). The nitro group is one of the most common explosophores (functional group that makes a compound explosive) used globally. The nit ...

(-NO₂)

substituent In organic chemistry, a substituent is one or a group of atoms that replaces (one or more) atoms, thereby becoming a moiety in the resultant (new) molecule. The suffix ''-yl'' is used when naming organic compounds that contain a single bond r ...

s. The three possible arrangements of the nitro groups afford three

isomer In chemistry, isomers are molecules or polyatomic ions with identical molecular formula – that is, the same number of atoms of each element (chemistry), element – but distinct arrangements of atoms in space. ''Isomerism'' refers to the exi ...

1,2-dinitrobenzene 1,2-Dinitrobenzene is one of three isomers of dinitrobenzene Dinitrobenzenes are nitrobenzenes composed of a benzene ring and two nitro group (-NO2) substituents. The three possible arrangements of the nitro groups afford three isomers, 1,2-dinitr ...

1,3-dinitrobenzene 1,3-Dinitrobenzene is one of three isomers of dinitrobenzene, with the formula C6H4(NO2)2. It is one of three isomers of dinitrobenzene. The compound is a yellow solid that is soluble in organic solvents. Preparation 1,3-Dinitrobenzene is acc ...

, and

1,4-dinitrobenzene 1,4-Dinitrobenzene is one of three isomers of dinitrobenzene, with the formula C6H4(NO2)2. The 1,4-isomer is most symmetrical. The compound is a yellow solid that is soluble in organic solvents. It is prepared from 4-nitroaniline by diazotizati ...

. Each isomer has the chemical formula C₆H₄N₂O₄ and a molar mass of about 168.11 g/mol. 1,3-Dinitrobenzene is the most common isomer and it is used in the manufacture of

explosives An explosive (or explosive material) is a reactive substance that contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light, heat, sound, and pressure. An exp ...

Properties

The dinitrobenzenes are all crystalline solids. The boiling points of the three isomers are relatively close; however, the melting points significantly differ. 1,4-Dinitrobenzene, which has the highest symmetry, has the highest melting point.

References

{{reflist Nitrobenzenes