''Diloma concameratum'', common name the speckled periwinkle, is a

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

, a marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Trochidae The Trochidae, common name top-snails or top-shells, are a family of various sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Vetigastropoda. This family is commonly known as the top-snails because in many species the shell resembles ...

, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Diloma concameratum'' (Wood, 1828). Accessed through:

World Register of Marine Species The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scien ...

at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=546858 on 2012-11-23

Description

The height of the shell varies between 15 mm and 27 mm, the diameter between 23 mm and 25 mm. The very thick and solid, imperforate shell has a globose-conical shape and is generally rather depressed. Its color is yellow and black, tessellated or longitudinally striped, sometimes the black, sometimes the yellow predominating. The

spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spire ...

is a very short cone. The

apex The apex is the highest point of something. The word may also refer to: Arts and media Fictional entities * Apex (comics) A-Bomb Abomination Absorbing Man Abraxas Abyss Abyss is the name of two characters appearing in Ameri ...

is usually perfect and acute, often ruddy. The five

whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). In nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral diagra ...

s are slightly convex. The increase very rapidly in size. They are spirally strongly costate, the ridges 13 or 14 in number on the last whorl . The

body whorl The body whorl is part of the morphology (biology), morphology of the gastropod shell, shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk ...

slightly descends at the aperture and is not eroded on the base. The large

aperture In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...

is oblique. The outer

lip The lips are a horizontal pair of soft appendages attached to the jaws and are the most visible part of the mouth of many animals, including humans. Mammal lips are soft, movable and serve to facilitate the ingestion of food (e.g. sucklin ...

is margined within with yellow and black, followed by a nacreous and then by an opaque white thickening which more or less contracts the aperture and which is more or less notched at about the place of the periphery. The

columella Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (, Arabic: ) was a prominent Roman writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture and ancient Roman cuisin ...

is white, much narrower than in '' Diloma aethiops''. It is bidenticulate below. The more prominent characters of this species are the strong spiral ribs and the thick outer layer of yellow and purplish-black, or of black veined with yellow, which usually assumes a tessellated pattern. Sometimes, however, the black predominates to the almost entire exclusion of yellow, and specimens also occur in which the black is scarcely visible on the surface.Tryon (1889), Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia
(described as ''Monodonta striolata'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834))

Distribution

This marine species is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...

to Australia and occurs off

New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South ...

South Australia South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a States and territories of Australia, state in the southern central part of Australia. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, which in ...

Tasmania Tasmania (; palawa kani: ''Lutruwita'') is an island States and territories of Australia, state of Australia. It is located to the south of the Mainland Australia, Australian mainland, and is separated from it by the Bass Strait. The sta ...

Victoria Victoria most commonly refers to: * Queen Victoria (1819–1901), Queen of the United Kingdom and Empress of India * Victoria (state), a state of Australia * Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, a provincial capital * Victoria, Seychelles, the capi ...

and

Western Australia Western Australia (WA) is the westernmost state of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Aust ...

References

* Quoy, J.R. & Gaimard, J.P. 1834. ''Voyage de Découvertes de l'Astrolabe exécuté par Ordre du Roi, Pendant les Années 1826-1829''. Paris : J. Tastu Zoologie Vol. 3 366 pp * Deshayes, G.P. 1843. ''Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres''. Paris : J.B. Baillière Vol. 9 728 pp * Philippi, R.A. 1845. ''Abbildungen und Beschriebungen neuer oder wenig gekannter Conchylien''. Cassel : Theodor Fischer 40 pp. * Forbes, E. 1852. ''On the Mollusca collected by Mr MacGillivray during the voyage of the Rattlesnake.'' pp. 360–386 in MacGillivray, J. (ed). Narrative of the Voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake, commanded by the late Captain Owen Stanley, R.N., F.R.S. etc., during the years 1846–1850. London : Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty Vol. II 395 pp. * Adams, A. 1853. ''Contributions towards a monograph of the Trochidae, a family of gastropodous Mollusca''. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1851(19): 150-192 * Angas, G.F. 1865. ''On the marine molluscan fauna of the Province of South Australia, with a list of all the species known up to the present time, together with remarks on their habitats and distribution, etc''. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1865: 155-"180" * Angas, G.F. 1867. ''List of species of marine Mollusca found in Port Jackson Harbour, New South Wales, and on the adjacent coasts, with notes on their habits, etc.'' Part 1. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1867: 185-233 * Troschel, F.H. 1879. ''Das Gebiss der Schnecken, zur Begründung einer Natürlichen Classification'' y J. Thiele, written after Troschel's death Berlin : Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung Vol. II 237 pp * Watson, R.B. 1885: Zoology. Vol. XV(II). 50 pls, 756 * Watson, R.B. 1886. ''Report on the Scaphopoda and Gastropoda collected by the H.M.S. "Challenger" during the years 1873-1876''. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger 1873–1876, Zoology 15(42): 756 pp., 50 pls * Pilsbry, H.A. 1889. ''Manual of Conchology.'' Philadelphia : Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia Vol. 11 519 pp., * Hedley, C. 1917. ''Studies on Australian Mollusca. Part XIII''. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 41: 680-719 * Hedley, C. 1918. ''A checklist of the marine fauna of New South Wales. Part 1.'' Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 51: M1-M120 * May, W.L. 1921. ''A Checklist of the Mollusca of Tasmania''. Hobart, Tasmania : Government Printer 114 pp * May, W.L. 1923. ''An Illustrated Index of Tasmanian Shells''. Hobart : Government Printer 100 pp. * Thiele, J. 1930. ''Gastropoda und Bivalvia''. pp. 561–596 in Michaelsen, W. & Hartmayer, R. (eds). Die Fauna Südwest-Australiens. Jena : Gustav Fischer Vol. 5. * Cotton, B.C. & Godfrey, F.K. 1934. ''South Australian Shells. Part 13''. South Australian Naturalist 1 16: 1-6 * Allan, J.K. 1950. ''Australian Shells: with related animals living in the sea, in freshwater and on the land.'' Melbourne : Georgian House xix, 470 pp., 45 pls, 112 text figs. * Cotton, B.C. 1959. ''South Australian Mollusca. Archaeogastropoda''. Handbook of the Flora and Fauna of South Australia. Adelaide : South Australian Government Printer 449 pp. * Iredale, T. & McMichael, D.F. 1962. ''A reference list of the marine Mollusca of New South Wales''. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 11: 1-109 * Macpherson, J.H. & Gabriel, C.J. 1962. ''Marine Molluscs of Victoria.'' Melbourne : Melbourne University Press & National Museum of Victoria 475 pp * Wilson, B. 1993. ''Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods''. Kallaroo, Western Australia : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 1 408 pp. * Wilson, B. 2002. ''A Handbook to Australian Seashells on Seashores East to West and North to South''. Sydney : Reed New Holland 185 pp

External links

Encyclopedia of Life

GenBank (8 nucleotides; 5 proteins)

World Register of Marine Species
* {{Taxonbar, from=Q5277010 concameratum Gastropods described in 1828