''Dillwynia'' is a genus of about 20 species of flowering plants in the family

Fabaceae Fabaceae () or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomen ...

, and is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...

to Australia. Plants in this genus are shrubs with simple leaves and yellow or red and yellow flowers similar to others in the family.

Description

Plants in the genus ''Dillwynia'' are shrubs with simple leaves that are linear, needle-shaped leaves with a groove along the upper surface or triangular in cross-section. The flowers are yellow or red and yellow and usually arranged singly or in small groups in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets. The upper two of five

sepal A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 Etymology The term ''sepalum'' ...

lobes are joined in a single "lip", the standard petal is broader than long, and the

keel The keel is the bottom-most longitudinal structural element of a watercraft, important for stability. On some sailboats, it may have a fluid dynamics, hydrodynamic and counterbalancing purpose as well. The keel laying, laying of the keel is often ...

is no longer than the

wings A wing is a type of fin that produces both lift and drag while moving through air. Wings are defined by two shape characteristics, an airfoil section and a planform. Wing efficiency is expressed as lift-to-drag ratio, which compares the bene ...

. The

stamen The stamen (: stamina or stamens) is a part consisting of the male reproductive organs of a flower. Collectively, the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filament ...

s are free from each other, the

ovary The ovary () is a gonad in the female reproductive system that produces ova; when released, an ovum travels through the fallopian tube/ oviduct into the uterus. There is an ovary on the left and the right side of the body. The ovaries are end ...

is on a short stalk and the fruit is a more or less

sessile Sessility, or sessile, may refer to: * Sessility (motility), organisms which are not able to move about * Sessility (botany), flowers or leaves that grow directly from the stem or peduncle of a plant * Sessility (medicine), tumors and polyps that ...

pod.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Dillwynia'' was first formally described in 1805 by James Edward Smith in ''Annals of Botany''. The name ''Dillwynia'' honours

Lewis Weston Dillwyn Lewis Weston Dillwyn, FRS (21 August 1778 – 31 August 1855) was a British porcelain manufacturer, naturalist and Whig Member of Parliament (MP). Biography He was born in Walthamstow, Essex, the eldest son of William Dillwyn and Sarah Dillw ...

"whose scientific labours respecting the genus ''Conferva'', as well as his knowledge in other abstruse parts of botany, merit such a memorial".

Species list

The following is a list of ''Dillwynia'' species accepted by the

Australian Plant Census The Australian Plant Census (APC) provides an online interface to currently accepted, published, scientific names of the vascular flora of Australia, as one of the output interfaces of the national government Integrated Biodiversity Information Sys ...

as of May 2021 and

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. History Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...

as of August 2023: * '' Dillwynia acerosa'' S.Moore (W.A.) * '' Dillwynia acicularis''

DC. Augustin Pyramus (or Pyrame) de Candolle (, , ; 4 February 17789 September 1841) was a Swiss botanist. René Louiche Desfontaines launched de Candolle's botanical career by recommending him at a herbarium. Within a couple of years de Candolle ...

(N.S.W.) * ''

Dillwynia brunioides ''Dillwynia brunioides'', commonly known as sandstone parrot-pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is an erect shrub with silky-hairy stems, linear, grooved leaves and yellow flowers wit ...

Meisn. Carl Daniel Friedrich Meissner (1 November 1800 – 2 May 1874) was a Swiss botanist. Biography Born in Bern, Switzerland on 1 November 1800, he was christened Meisner but later changed the spelling of his name to Meissner. For most of his 40 ...

– sandstone parrot-pea (N.S.W.) * ''

Dillwynia cinerascens ''Dillwynia cinerascens'', commonly known as grey parrot-pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is an erect to low-lying shrub with linear or thread-like leaves and orange or yell ...

'' R.Br. — grey parrot-pea (S.A., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.) * '' Dillwynia crispii'' Jobson & P.H.Weston (N.S.W.) * ''

Dillwynia dillwynioides ''Dillwynia dillwynioides'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low-lying or erect, spindly shrub with cylindrical, grooved leaves and yellow, red or orange flowers ...

'' (Meisn.) Druce (W.A.) * ''

Dillwynia divaricata ''Dillwynia divaricata'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, spindly shrub with cylindrical, grooved leaves and yellow flowers with brownish markings. Desc ...

'' ( Turcz.)

Benth. George Bentham (22 September 1800 – 10 September 1884) was an English botanist, described by the weed botanist Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century". Born into a distinguished family, he initially studie ...

(W.A.) * ''

Dillwynia elegans ''Dillwynia elegans'', also known as parrot-pea or eggs and bacon, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to eastern New South Wales. It is an erect shrub with more or less cylindrical, grooved leaves and yellow fl ...

Endl. Stephan Friedrich Ladislaus Endlicher, also known as Endlicher István László (24 June 1804 – 28 March 1849), was an Austrian botanist, numismatist and Sinologist. He was a director of the Botanical Garden of Vienna. Biography Endlicher s ...

(N.S.W.) * ''

Dillwynia floribunda ''Dillwynia floribunda '' is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect shrub with hairy stems, crowded, grooved, linear leaves and yellow flowers with red markings. Description ''Dill ...

'' Sm. (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''

Dillwynia glaberrima ''Dillwynia glaberrima'' commonly known as the smooth parrot-pea, is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is a small upright shrub with liner leaves and clusters of yellow flowers. Description This species is a spreading or erect shrub t ...

'' Sm. — smooth parrot-pea (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.) * ''

Dillwynia glaucula ''Dillwynia glaucula'', commonly known as Michelago parrot-pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to south-eastern New South Wales. It is an erect shrub with lenticels on the stems, linear, grooved leaves and ...

'' Jobson & P.H.Weston (N.S.W.) * ''

Dillwynia hispida ''Dillwynia hispida '', commonly known as red parrot-pea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is an erect shrub with more or less wikt:glabrous, glabrous stems, linear to thread-lik ...

Lindl. John Lindley FRS (5 February 1799 – 1 November 1865) was an English botanist, gardener and orchidologist. Early years Born in Catton, near Norwich, England, John Lindley was one of four children of George and Mary Lindley. George Lindley ...

– red parrot-pea (S.A., N.S.W., Vic.) * '' Dillwynia juniperina'' Lodd., G.Lodd. & W.Lodd. – prickly parrotpea (N.S.W., Vic.) * '' Dillwynia laxiflora''

(W.A.) * '' Dillwynia oreodoxa'' Blakeley – Grampians parrot-pea (Vic.) * '' Dillwynia palustris'' Jobson & P.H.Weston (N.S.W.) * ''

Dillwynia parvifolia ''Dillwynia parvifolia'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a spreading to erect shrub with twisted, narrow oblong leaves and yellow flowers with red markings. Description ''Dillwynia ...

'' R.Br. ex

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(N.S.W.) * '' Dillwynia phylicoides''

A.Cunn. Allan Cunningham (13 July 1791 – 27 June 1839) was an English botanist and explorer, primarily known for his expeditions into uncolonised areas of eastern Australia to collect plants and report on the suitability of the land for grazing ...

– small-leaf parrot-pea (Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.) * '' Dillwynia prostrata'' Blakeley — matted parrot-pea (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.) * ''

Dillwynia pungens ''Dillwynia pungens'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south coast of Western Australia. It is an erect, spindly shrub with cylindrical leaves and yellow flowers with red or orange markings. Descripti ...

'' (

Sweet Sweetness is a basic taste most commonly perceived when eating foods rich in sugars. Sweet tastes are generally regarded as pleasurable. In addition to sugars like sucrose, many other chemical compounds are sweet, including aldehydes, ketones, ...

) J.B.Mackay ex Benth. (W.A.) * '' Dillwynia ramosissima'' Benth. – bushy parrot-pea (N.S.W., Vic.) * ''

Dillwynia retorta ''Dillwynia'' is a genus of about 20 species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, and is endemic to Australia. Plants in this genus are shrubs with simple leaves and yellow or red and yellow flowers similar to others in the family. Des ...

'' ( J.C.Wendl.) Druce (Qld., N.S.W.) * '' Dillwynia rupestris'' Jobson & P.H.Weston (N.S.W.) * '' Dillwynia sericea'' A.Cunn. — showy parrot-pea (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.) ** ''Dillwynia sericea'' subsp. ''glabriflora'' (N.S.W.) ** ''Dillwynia sericea'' subsp. ''rudis'' (synonym '' Dillwynia rudis'') (N.S.W., S.A., Tas., Vic.) ** ''Dillwynia sericea'' subsp. ''sericea'' (N.S.W., Qld., S.A., Tas., Vic. * '' Dillwynia sieberi'' Steud. – Sieber's parrot-pea (Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.) * '' Dillwynia sparsifolia'' (S.A.) * '' Dillwynia stipulifera'' Blakeley (N.S.W.) * '' Dillwynia tenuifolia'' DC. (N.S.W.) * '' Dillwynia trichopoda'' (Qld., N.S.W.) * '' Dillwynia uncinata'' (Turcz.) J.M.Black – silky parrot-pea (W.A., S.A., Vic.)

Distribution

Species of ''Dillwynia'' occur in all Australian states and the Australian Capital Territory, but not the Northern Territory.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q664671 Fabales of Australia Fabaceae genera Endemic flora of Australia