The Didymosphaeriaceae are a
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
of
fungi
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...
in the
order
Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to:
* A socio-political or established or existing order, e.g. World order, Ancien Regime, Pax Britannica
* Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood
...
Pleosporales
The Pleosporales is the largest order (biology), order in the fungal class Dothideomycetes. By a 2008 estimate, it contained 23 family (biology), families, 332 genera and more than 4700 species. The majority of species are saprobes on decaying pl ...
. The family was erected by
Anders Munk
Anders Munk (born 1922 in Kolding – died June 1989 in Copenhagen) was a Danish mycologist. He was an expert of the fungal group colloquially known as the Pyrenomycetes, and best known for his 1957 work "Danish Pyrenomycetes".
Biography
Munk's ...
in 1953.
Taxa have a
cosmopolitan distribution
In biogeography, a cosmopolitan distribution is the range of a taxon that extends across most or all of the surface of the Earth, in appropriate habitats; most cosmopolitan species are known to be highly adaptable to a range of climatic and en ...
, and are
saprobic
Saprotrophic nutrition or lysotrophic nutrition is a process of chemoheterotrophic extracellular digestion involved in the processing of decayed (dead or waste) organic matter. It occurs in saprotrophs, and is most often associated with fungi ...
in both woody and
herbaceous
Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants includes many perennials, and nearly all annuals and biennials.
Definitions of "herb" and "herbaceous"
The fourth edition of ...
plants. Some species are
parasitic
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives (at least some of the time) on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The ent ...
on other fungi.
The validity of the family as a distinct
taxonomic
280px, Generalized scheme of taxonomy
Taxonomy is a practice and science concerned with classification or categorization. Typically, there are two parts to it: the development of an underlying scheme of classes (a taxonomy) and the allocation ...
unit was questioned in a 2014 publication that suggested that the genera ''
Appendispora'', ''
Phaeodothis'', ''
Roussoella'', and ''
Verruculina'' should be moved into other families.
The
type genus
In biological taxonomy, the type genus (''genus typica'') is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name.
Zoological nomenclature
According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearin ...
is ''Didymosphaeria'',
circumscribed by
Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel
Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel (3 February 1821 – 8 May 1876) was a German botanist who worked largely on fungi.
He worked as an apothecary from 1836 to 1852, afterwards deriving income from a vineyard he owned in Oestrich im Rheingau.< ...
in 1870.
Genera
According to the 2022 version of ''Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa'', the Didymosphaeriaceae contains 33 genera and about 254 species.
*''
Alloconiothyrium'' – 1 sp.
*''
Austropleospora'' – 1 sp.
*''
Barria'' – 1 sp.
*''
Bimuria'' – 1 sp.
*''
Chromolaenicola'' – 6 spp.
*''
Curreya'' – 2 spp.
*''
Cylindroaseptospora'' – 2 spp.
*''
Deniquelata'' – 2 spp.
*''
Didymocrea'' – 1 sp.
*''
Didymosphaeria'' – ca. 25 spp.
*''
Kalmusia'' – 15 spp.
*''
Kalmusibambusa'' – 1 sp.
*''
Karstenula'' – 16 spp.
*''
Laburnicola'' – 4 spp.
*''
Letendraea'' – ca. 3 spp.
*''
Lineostroma'' – 1 sp.
*''
Montagnula'' – ca. 30 spp.
*''
Neokalmusia'' – 5 spp.
*''
Neptunomyces'' – 1 sp.
*''
Paracamarosporium'' – 7 spp.
*''
Paraconiothyrium'' – 19 spp.
*''
Paramassariosphaeria'' – 2 spp.
*''
Paraphaeosphaeria'' – 33 spp.
*''
Phaeodothis'' – 5 spp.
*''
Pseudocamarosporium'' – 13 spp.
*''
Pseudodidymocyrtis'' – 1 sp.
*''
Pseudopithomyces'' – 10 spp.
*''
Pseudotrichia'' – ca. 8 spp.
*''
Spegazzinia'' – ca. 30 spp.
*''
Tremateia'' – 3 spp.
*''
Verrucoconiothyrium'' – 4 spp.
*''
Vicosamyces'' – 1 sp.
*''
Xenocamarosporium'' – 1 sp.
References
Pleosporales
Dothideomycetes families
Taxa described in 1953
Taxa named by Anders Munk
{{Pleosporales stub