''Dictyostelium purpureum'' is a species of ''

Dictyostelium ''Dictyostelium'' is a genus of single- and multi-celled eukaryotic, phagotrophic bacterivores. Though they are Protista and in no way fungal, they traditionally are known as "slime molds". They are present in most terrestrial ecosystems a ...

''. ''Dictyostelium purpureum'' is a distinct species from ''D. discoideum'', although it belongs in the same phenotypic grouping. Like ''D. discoideum'', it exhibits a robust multicellular life cycle, and shares some of the early signaling molecules with ''D. discoideum''. Both species spend vegetative growth preying on bacteria in the soil, and when starved, aggregate to enter multicellular development that culminates into a fruiting body with resistant viable spores (''D. purpureum'' is so named for its strikingly purple spores), and supporting stalk structures.

Altruism

Wild strains of ''D. purpureum'' were taken from the Houston Arboretum to a lab where they were cultured in dishes. In each of 14 experiments, a pair of strains were placed in a dish in equal proportion, and one of the strains in each pair was labeled with a fluorescent dye. Food was withheld, causing the microbes in each dish to form dozens of slugs and fruiting bodies. Upon observing their social development, the team found that individual fruiting bodies contained predominantly one strain or the other. This shows that an individual ''D. purpureum'' isn't going to offer itself to form a stalk unless it's sure that the rest of the aggregate, benefit from its sacrifice or a close relative. This demonstrated that molecular recognition of "self" and "close to self" (the basis of a modern immune system) happens even in primitive organisms.

References

Mycetozoa Dictyostelid species {{Amoebozoa-stub