Dicarbonate
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A dicarbonate, also known as a pyrocarbonate, is a
chemical A chemical substance is a unique form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Chemical substances may take the form of a single element or chemical compounds. If two or more chemical substances can be combin ...
containing the
divalent In chemistry, the valence (US spelling) or valency (British spelling) of an atom is a measure of its combining capacity with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules. Valence is generally understood to be the number of chemica ...
or
functional group In organic chemistry, a functional group is any substituent or moiety (chemistry), moiety in a molecule that causes the molecule's characteristic chemical reactions. The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reactions r ...
, which consists of two
carbonate A carbonate is a salt of carbonic acid, (), characterized by the presence of the carbonate ion, a polyatomic ion with the formula . The word "carbonate" may also refer to a carbonate ester, an organic compound containing the carbonate group ...
groups sharing an
oxygen Oxygen is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group (periodic table), group in the periodic table, a highly reactivity (chemistry), reactive nonmetal (chemistry), non ...
atom. It is one of polycarbonate functional groups. These compounds can be viewed as
derivative In mathematics, the derivative is a fundamental tool that quantifies the sensitivity to change of a function's output with respect to its input. The derivative of a function of a single variable at a chosen input value, when it exists, is t ...
s of the hypothetical compound dicarbonic acid, or . Three important
organic compound Some chemical authorities define an organic compound as a chemical compound that contains a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond; others consider an organic compound to be any chemical compound that contains carbon. For example, carbon-co ...
s containing this group are: *
dimethyl dicarbonate Dimethyl dicarbonate (DMDC) is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor at high concentration at room temperature. It is primarily used as a beverage preservative, processing aid, or sterilant ( INS No. 242) being highly active against typical beve ...
*
diethyl dicarbonate Diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC), also called diethyl dicarbonate (IUPAC name), is used in the laboratory to inactivate RNase enzymes in water and on laboratory utensils. It does so by the covalent modification of histidine (most strongly), lysine, cy ...
* di-''tert''-butyl dicarbonate , also known as Boc anhydride. It is one of the oxocarbon anions, consisting solely of oxygen and
carbon Carbon () is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalence, tetravalent—meaning that its atoms are able to form up to four covalent bonds due to its valence shell exhibiting 4 ...
. The anion has the formula or . Dicarbonate salts are apparently unstable at ambient conditions, but can be made under pressure and may have a fleeting existence in carbonate solutions. The term ''dicarbonate'' is sometimes used erroneously to refer to
bicarbonate In inorganic chemistry, bicarbonate (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid. It is a polyatomic anion with the chemical formula . Bicarbonate serves a crucial bioche ...
, the common name of the hydrogencarbonate anion or esters of the hydrogencarbonate functional group . It is also sometimes used for chemicals that contain two carbonate units in their covalent structure or stoichiometric formula.


Inorganic salts

(lead(II) dicarbonate) can be formed at 30 
GPa Grading in education is the application of standardized measurements to evaluate different levels of student achievement in a course. Grades can be expressed as letters (usually A to F), as a range (for example, 1 to 6), percentages, or as num ...
and 2000K from PbCO3 and CO2. It forms white
monoclinic In crystallography, the monoclinic crystal system is one of the seven crystal systems. A crystal system is described by three Vector (geometric), vectors. In the monoclinic system, the crystal is described by vectors of unequal lengths, as in t ...
crystals, with
space group In mathematics, physics and chemistry, a space group is the symmetry group of a repeating pattern in space, usually in three dimensions. The elements of a space group (its symmetry operations) are the rigid transformations of the pattern that ...
''P''21/''c'' and four formula units per unit cell. At 30 GPa the unit cell has a=4.771 b=8.079 c=7.070 Å and β=91.32°. The unit cell volume is 272.4 Å3 and density 7.59. (strontium dicarbonate) is very similar to the lead compound, and also has monoclinic structure with space group ''P''21/''c'' and four formula units per unit cell. At 30 GPa the unit cell has a=4.736 b=8.175 c=7.140 Å and β=91.34°. The unit cell volume is 276.3 Å3 and density 4.61. The double Sr=O bonds have lengths of 1.22, 1.24, and 1.25 Å. The single Sr-O bonds have lengths of 1.36 and 1.41 Å. The angles subtended at the carbon atoms are slightly less than 120°, and the angle at the C-O-C is larger.


See also

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Tricarbonate In organic chemistry, a tricarbonate is a compound containing the divalent functional group, which consists of three carbonate groups linked in a chain by sharing of oxygen atoms. These compounds can be viewed as derivatives of a hypothetical tri ...
*
Peroxodicarbonate In chemistry, peroxydicarbonate (sometimes peroxodicarbonate) is a divalent anion with the chemical formula . It is one of the oxocarbon anions, which consist solely of carbon and oxygen. Its molecular structure can be viewed as two carbonate ani ...
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Oxalate Oxalate (systematic IUPAC name: ethanedioate) is an anion with the chemical formula . This dianion is colorless. It occurs naturally, including in some foods. It forms a variety of salts, for example sodium oxalate (), and several esters such as ...
*
Pyrosulfate In chemistry, disulfate or pyrosulfate is the anion with the molecular formula . Disulfate is the IUPAC name. It has a dichromate-like structure and can be visualised as two corner-sharing SO4 tetrahedra, with a bridging oxygen atom. In this a ...
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Peroxydisulfate The peroxydisulfate ion, , is an oxyanion, the anion of peroxydisulfuric acid. It is commonly referred to as persulfate, but this term also refers to the peroxomonosulfate ion, . It is also called ''peroxodisulfate''. Approximately 500,000 ton ...
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Dithionate The dithionate (or metabisulfate) anion, , is a sulfur oxoanion derived from dithionic acid, H2S2O6. Its chemical formula is sometimes written in a semistructural format, as 3SSO3sup>2−. It is the first member of the polythionates. The su ...
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Trithionate Trithionate is an oxyanion of sulfur with the chemical formula . It is the conjugate base of trithionic acid. Dilute sodium hydroxide hydrolyzes as follows, yielding sodium thiosulfate and sodium trithionate: :2 + 6 NaOH + 9 → + 2 + 8 Ce ...
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Tetrathionate The tetrathionate anion, , is a sulfur oxyanion derived from the compound tetrathionic acid, H2S4O6. Two of the sulfur atoms present in the ion are in oxidation state 0 and two are in oxidation state +5. Alternatively, the compound can be vi ...
*
Pyrophosphate In chemistry, pyrophosphates are phosphorus oxyanions that contain two phosphorus atoms in a linkage. A number of pyrophosphate salts exist, such as disodium pyrophosphate () and tetrasodium pyrophosphate (), among others. Often pyrophosphates a ...
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Polyphosphate A polyphosphate is a Salt (chemistry), salt or ester of polymeric oxyanions formed from tetrahedral PO4 (phosphate) structural units linked together by sharing oxygen atoms. Polyphosphates can adopt linear or a cyclic (also called, ring) structure ...


References

{{Oxides of carbon Carbon oxyanions Oxocarbon anions Functional groups Dicarbonates