''Devils of Monza'' (, also known as ''Sacrilege'') is a 1987
Italian
Italian(s) may refer to:
* Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries
** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom
** Italian language, a Romance languag ...
historical
History is the systematic study of the past, focusing primarily on the human past. As an academic discipline, it analyses and interprets evidence to construct narratives about what happened and explain why it happened. Some theorists categ ...
erotic
Eroticism () is a quality that causes sexual feelings, as well as a philosophical contemplation concerning the aesthetics of sexual desire, sensuality, and romantic love. That quality may be found in any form of artwork, including painting, sculp ...
-
drama film
In film and television, drama is a category or genre of narrative fiction (or semi-fiction) intended to be more serious than humorous in tone. The drama of this kind is usually qualified with additional terms that specify its particular ...
directed by
Luciano Odorisio
Luciano Orodisio (born 7 March 1942 in Chieti) is an Italian actor, screenwriter, and film and television director.
Filmography
Actor
* ''Uccideva a freddo'', directed by Guido Celano (1966) (Italian)
* '' Il seme dell'uomo'', directed by Mar ...
. It is based on real-life events related to Marianna de Leyva, better known as Sister Virginia Maria, "
The Nun of Monza
Sister Virginia Maria (born Marianna de Leyva y Marino; December 4, 1575 – January 17, 1650) was an Italian nun. She gave birth to two children fathered by a local aristocrat, and had connived in the murder of another nun to cover up the affai ...
", whose story was made famous by
Alessandro Manzoni
Alessandro Francesco Tommaso Antonio Manzoni (, , ; 7 March 1785 – 22 May 1873) was an Italian poet, novelist and philosopher.
He is famous for the novel ''The Betrothed (Manzoni novel), The Betrothed'' (orig. ) (1827), generally ranked among ...
's novel ''
The Betrothed.''
Like ''
Hail Mary
The Hail Mary or Ave Maria (from its first words in Latin), also known as the Angelic or Angelical Salutation, is a traditional Catholic prayer addressing Mary, the mother of Jesus. The prayer is based on two biblical passages featured in the ...
'' (1986), ''Devils of Monza'' features
Myriem Roussel
Myriem Roussel (born in Rabat, Morocco, 26 December 1961) is a French actress and model. She is best-known for her role as Marie in Jean-Luc Godard's 1985 film ''Hail Mary'', which was controversial upon its release.
Career
Roussel had come to Go ...
in scenes of
full frontal nudity
Nudity is the state of being in which a human is without clothing. While estimates vary, for the first 90,000 years of pre-history, anatomically modern humans were naked, having lost their body hair, living in hospitable climates, and not ...
. The film is considered part of the
Nunsploitation
Nunsploitation is a subgenre of exploitation film which had its peak in Europe in the 1970s. These films typically involve Christian nuns living in convents during the Middle Ages.
Criteria
The main conflict of the story is usually of a religio ...
subgenre, but despite its exploitative nature, the story it presents is largely faithful to the facts and testimony recounted in Mario Mazzucchelli's nonfiction book ''
The Nun of Monza
Sister Virginia Maria (born Marianna de Leyva y Marino; December 4, 1575 – January 17, 1650) was an Italian nun. She gave birth to two children fathered by a local aristocrat, and had connived in the murder of another nun to cover up the affai ...
'' (1963), although it renders explicit some elements of the case which Mazzucchelli presents as hearsay or speculative.
The story of the Nun of Monza has inspired other films, including ''
La monaca di Monza'' (1962), ''
Il monaco di Monza
''The Monk of Monza'' () is a 1963 Italian comedy film directed by Sergio Corbucci. It parodies the story of the Nun of Monza, as depicted in the Alessandro Manzoni's novel '' The Betrothed''.
Plot
Monza, 1630, a period of Spanish rule. Pasqual ...
'' (a.k.a. The Monk of Monza, 1962), ''
The Lady of Monza
''The Lady of Monza'' (, also known as ''The Awful Story of the Nun of Monza'' and ''The Nun of Monza'') is a 1969 Italian historical drama film directed by Eriprando Visconti. It is loosely based on the real life events of Marianna de Leyva, bette ...
'' (a.k.a.''The Awful Story of the Nun of Monza'', 1969), ''The True Story of the Nun of Monza'' (a.k.a. ''La vera storia della monaca di Monza'', 1980), ''
Virginia, la monaca di Monza'' (2004), and ''Sometimes the Good Kill'' (2017).
Plot
Set in a nunnery in early-17th century
Monza
Monza (, ; ; , locally ; ) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) on the Lambro, River Lambro, a tributary of the Po (river), River Po, in the Lombardy region of Italy, about north-northeast of Milan. It is the capital of the province of Mo ...
, Northern Italy, the film depicts the clandestine sexual relationship between a beautiful nun of noble birth, Sister Virginia Maria de Leyva, and a rakish local aristocrat, Gian Paolo Osio, whose estate is adjacent to the nunnery.
Osio is attracted to the proud, haughty, and sexually-repressed Sister Virginia, and attempts to
court
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between Party (law), parties and Administration of justice, administer justice in Civil law (common law), civil, Criminal law, criminal, an ...
her with letters and charms provided by his lecherous friend, corrupt local priest Father Paolo Arrigone. Osio gains access to the nunnery via counterfeit keys provided by a local
blacksmith
A blacksmith is a metalsmith who creates objects primarily from wrought iron or steel, but sometimes from #Other metals, other metals, by forging the metal, using tools to hammer, bend, and cut (cf. tinsmith). Blacksmiths produce objects such ...
. Inside the nunnery, Osio
rapes
Rape is a type of sexual assault involving sexual intercourse, or other forms of sexual penetration, carried out against a person without consent. The act may be carried out by physical force, coercion, abuse of authority, or against a person w ...
Virginia in full view of her appalled roommates, Sisters Benedetta and Ottavia.
The relationship between Virginia and Osio becomes consensual and the pair engage in a series of increasingly passionate trysts, even as Virginia presents to the other nuns and the outside world the appearance of piousness and celibacy. Virginia's subordinates and confidants, Sisters Benedetta and Ottavia, become aroused by Virginia and Osio's lovemaking, and engage in
mutual masturbation
Non-penetrative sex or outercourse is sexual activity that usually does not include sexual penetration, but some forms, particularly when termed ''outercourse'', include penetrative aspects, that may result from forms of fingering or oral sex ...
as they watch Osio perform
cunnilingus
Cunnilingus is an oral sex act consisting of the stimulation of a vulva by using the tongue and lips. The clitoris is the most sexually sensitive part of the vulva, and its stimulation may result in a woman becoming sexually aroused or achievi ...
on Virginia.
Virginia becomes fearful that her improper relationship with Osio will be exposed. Later, when Virginia falls ill and bedridden, the lustful Sister Benedetta takes advantage of the situation and confesses to Osio the love she claims she and Sister Ottavia have for him. A weakened and distraught Virginia watches Osio, Benedetta, and Ottavia
have sex
Sexual intercourse (also coitus or copulation) is a sexual activity typically involving the insertion of the erect male penis inside the female vagina and followed by thrusting motions for sexual pleasure, reproduction, or both.Sexual inter ...
.
Osio's friend, Father Paolo, imposes himself further into the growing scandal by molesting one of the nuns, Sister Candida. Virginia falls pregnant by Osio and gives birth in secret to an illegitimate child.
A rebellious
novice
A novice is a person who has entered a religious order and is under probation, before taking vows. A ''novice'' can also refer to a person (or animal e.g. racehorse) who is entering a profession with no prior experience.
Religion Buddhism
...
, Caterina, runs afoul of Virginia's discipline. Disgusted by Virginia's hypocrisy, Caterina threatens to expose the nun's affair with Osio and the existence of their illegitimate child. Virginia has Caterina locked in a barn and Osio later murders her and disposes of her body. Father Paolo decides to blackmail Osio.
The convent is rocked by increasingly scandalous rumours which derail Virginia's attempt to become nunnery's
Mother superior. The situation escalates when
Federico Borromeo
Federico Borromeo (; 18 August 1564 – 21 September 1631) was an Italian cardinal (Catholicism), cardinal, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan, Archbishop of Milan, and prominent figure of the Counter-Reformation in Italy. His acts of charity, ...
,
cardinal
Cardinal or The Cardinal most commonly refers to
* Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds
**''Cardinalis'', genus of three species in the family Cardinalidae
***Northern cardinal, ''Cardinalis cardinalis'', the common cardinal of ...
and
Archbishop of Milan
The Archdiocese of Milan (; ) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Italy which covers the areas of Milan, Monza, Lecco and Varese. It has long maintained its own Latin liturgical rite usage, the Amb ...
, orders an official investigation. Virginia is arrested and questioned by Church authorities.
A desperate and increasingly murderous Osio sets about to silence the accomplices who can incriminate him. He kills the blacksmith who forged the keys that allowed him to infiltrate the nunnery. He then persuades Sisters Benedetta and Ottavia that they are in danger and need to flee with him. Away from the nunnery, Osio attacks the two nuns and leaves them for dead. The wounded pair are later discovered and questioned. Osio becomes a wanted fugitive with a price of 1000
scudi
The ''scudo'' (pl. ''scudi'') was the name for a number of coins used in various states in the Italian peninsula from 1551 until the 19th century. The name, like that of the French écu and the Spanish and Portuguese escudo, was derived from t ...
on his head.
Although he loves Virginia, Osio refuses to accept responsibility for his part in her downfall. He writes a self-serving letter to Cardinal Borromeo and seeks refuge with a friend, who betrays Osio and
has him stabbed to death.
The confessions and testimony extracted by the investigator appointed by Borromeo are sufficient to find Virginia, her collaborators, and Father Paolo guilty. Virginia admits to her sins but claims she did so under diabolical influence and always practised self-admonishment.
Virginia is sentenced to lifetime solitary imprisonment in a small stone cell. En route to her cell, she catches a glimpse of Sisters Benedetta and Ottavia, also punished for their complicity in her crimes.
A closing caption states Virginia was released after serving 13 years of her sentence and impressed Borromeo with her repentance, which had taken on an entranced, mystical quality. Surviving
the Plague, she eventually died at the age of seventy-four.
Cast
*
Myriem Roussel
Myriem Roussel (born in Rabat, Morocco, 26 December 1961) is a French actress and model. She is best-known for her role as Marie in Jean-Luc Godard's 1985 film ''Hail Mary'', which was controversial upon its release.
Career
Roussel had come to Go ...
as
Sister Virginia Maria de Leyva
*
Alessandro Gassman
Alessandro Gassmann (; born 24 February 1965) is an Italian actor and film director.
Early life
Born in Rome, he is the son of Italian actor Vittorio Gassman and French actress Juliette Mayniel. He is of Italian, German, Jewish and French de ...
as
Gian Paolo Osio
*
Renato De Carmine
Renato De Carmine (25 January 1923 – 18 July 2010) was an Italian stage, film and television actor. After graduating at the Accademia Nazionale di Arte Drammatica Silvio D'Amico, De Carmine worked mainly on stage, notably at the Piccolo Teatr ...
as Cardinal
Federico Borromeo
Federico Borromeo (; 18 August 1564 – 21 September 1631) was an Italian cardinal (Catholicism), cardinal, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan, Archbishop of Milan, and prominent figure of the Counter-Reformation in Italy. His acts of charity, ...
* Alina De Simone as Reverend Mother
*
Augusto Zucchi
Augusto Zucchi (born 9 March 1946) is an Italian actor and theatre director. He appeared in more than seventy films since 1970.
Selected filmography
References
External links
*
1946 births
Living people
Italian male film actors
It ...
as Father Paolo Arrigone
* Cyrus Elias as Giuseppe Molteno
* Flaminia Lizzani as Sister Benedetta
* Almerica Schiavo as Sister Ottavia
* Coralina Cataldi-Tassoni as Sister Candida
Release
''Devils of Monza'' was released theatrically in Italy in December 1987 and went straight to video in some European territories. It was released on home video in the United Kingdom in December 1987.
A region-free NTSC DVD of ''Devils of Monza'', under the film's North American title ''Sacrilege'', was released by Jef Films in 2008; the film's transfer appears to have been taken from a VHS copy.
The film has been released on Region 2 DVD in several editions in European territories, including a limited edition release in 2014 by the German distributor '84 Entertainment, which features German and Italian language versions of the film and contains extra features (including the complete music score as isolated tracks, and the film's German theatrical trailer). Although the film is complete, the audio and visual quality of the '84 Entertainment ''Devils of Monza'' is inconsistent; the distributor appeared to use a censored print of the film for the majority of the presentation, with several
sex scenes
Sexual content has been found in Film, films since the early days of the Film industry, industry, and the presentation of aspects of human sexuality, sexuality in film, especially human sexuality, has been controversial since the development of the ...
inserted from lower-quality (presumably VHS) sources.
Pino Donaggio
Giuseppe "Pino" Donaggio (born 24 November 1941) is an Italian musician, singer, and composer of film and television scores. A classically-trained violinist, Donaggio is known for his collaborations with director Brian De Palma, and for his work i ...
's ''Devils of Monza'' score, under the title ''La Monaca Di Monza'', was released as a soundtrack album by
Mercury Records
Mercury Records is an American record label owned by Universal Music Group. It had significant success as an independent operation in the 1940s and 1950s. Smash Records and Fontana Records were sub labels of Mercury. Mercury Records released ...
in 1987 (vinyl) and by Emergency Music in 2005 (compact disc). The soundtrack's twenty musical cues are included in the aforementioned '84 Entertainment DVD release of the film.
Reception
Tim Lucas
Timothy Ray Lucas (born May 30, 1956) is an American film critic, biographer, novelist, screenwriter and blogger, best known for publishing and editing the video review magazine ''Video Watchdog''.
Biography and early career
Lucas, born in Cinc ...
of ''
Video Watchdog
''Video Watchdog'' was a bimonthly, digest size film magazine published from 1990 to 2017 by publisher/editor Tim Lucas and his wife, art director and co-publisher Donna Lucas.
Although devoted chiefly to the horror, science fiction, and fant ...
'' described ''Devils of Monza'' as "an elegantly crafted little gem...exquisitely photographed by
Romano Albani
Romano Albani (born 25 September 1945) was an Italian cinematographer and camera operator.
Career
Albani started his career with commercials. His film credits include Marco Ferreri's ''La Dernière femme'' (U.S. title: ''The Last Woman'') (1 ...
ith
The Ith () is a ridge in Germany's Central Uplands which is up to 439 m high. It lies about 40 km southwest of Hanover and, at 22 kilometers, is the longest line of crags in North Germany.
Geography
Location
The Ith is i ...
one of
Pino Donaggio
Giuseppe "Pino" Donaggio (born 24 November 1941) is an Italian musician, singer, and composer of film and television scores. A classically-trained violinist, Donaggio is known for his collaborations with director Brian De Palma, and for his work i ...
's most beautiful scores," and singled out Myriem Roussel's performance for praise:
References
External links
*
1980s erotic drama films
Italian erotic drama films
Films directed by Luciano Odorisio
Nunsploitation films
Films scored by Pino Donaggio
Films about clerical celibacy
Italian historical drama films
1980s historical drama films
1987 drama films
1987 films
Cultural depictions of Italian people
1980s Italian-language films
1980s Italian films
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