Deoneum
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''Deoneum'' () is a new, revised section of a ''
pansori ' () is a Korean genre of musical storytelling performed by a singer and a drummer. The term ' is a compounds of the Korean words and , the latter of which means "sound." However, ''pan'' has multiple meanings, and scholars disagree on which ...
'' song, made by a master ''pansori'' singer. Following years of training, master singers sometimes change or add new parts to a ''pansori'' song, inputting aspects of their own individuality. If this new version of the ''pansori'' becomes widespread in its own right, then it is called a ''deoneum''. The background of the appearance of Deoneum has several reasons. First, because
Pansori ' () is a Korean genre of musical storytelling performed by a singer and a drummer. The term ' is a compounds of the Korean words and , the latter of which means "sound." However, ''pan'' has multiple meanings, and scholars disagree on which ...
was a popular art form among the public, in order to meet the expectations of various audiences or to cater to changing tastes depending on the times, there was a need to constantly pursue novelty in performances. Second, to stand out as a famous artist, a Pansori performer needed a long song that could compete with other performers. Deoneum emerged in this competitive environment. Third, there were Pansori performer selection or competition events such as Munhuiyeon (문희연; 聞喜宴). Through developing Deoneum, performers aimed to win in these competitions and raise their status as Pansori performers. Fourth, the unique characteristic of Pansori transmission called "Gujunsimsoo" (구전심수; 口傳心授) also contributed to the emergence of Deoneum. Pansori performers sometimes maintained the sounds they learned from their masters, but in certain parts, they could change the sound of their masters to reflect their own personality, or create a unique solo performance by combining sound, commentary, and gestures themselves. The oldest one, called "Going Out to Let a Swallow Go," is found in the song "
Heungbuga ''Heungbuga'' () is one of the five surviving stories of the Korean ''pansori'' storytelling tradition. It is also called ''Baktaryeong'' (박타령) or ''Hungboga'' (흥보가). The other stories are ''Simcheongga'', ''Chunhyangga'', '' Jeokbyeok ...
," and was sung by Gwon Sam-deuk in the
Joseon Dynasty Joseon ( ; ; also romanized as ''Chosun''), officially Great Joseon (), was a dynastic kingdom of Korea that existed for 505 years. It was founded by Taejo of Joseon in July 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in October 1897. The kingdom w ...
. It was the first known application in ''pansori'' of ''gwonmasung'' (a chant sung by
palanquin The litter is a class of wheelless vehicles, a type of human-powered transport, for the transport of people. Smaller litters may take the form of open chairs or beds carried by two or more carriers, some being enclosed for protection from the el ...
bearers). Other cases of ''deoneum'' are: "Namwongol playboy" in "
Chunhyangga ''Chunhyangga'' () is a '' pansori'' folktale from Korea''.'' Being a pansori, ''Chunhyangga'' is a narrative art form, and is traditionally performed by two people: a singer and drummer. There is also a story based on the ''Chunhyangga'' pansori ...
" was sung by Dal Yeo-gye, incorporating the first application of ''gyeonggi minyo'' (a Korean traditional song originating in the Seoul and
Gyeonggi Gyeonggi Province (, ) is the most populous province in South Korea. Seoul, the nation's largest city and capital, is in the heart of the area but has been separately administered as a provincial-level ''special city'' since 1946. Incheon, ...
area) in ''pansori''. "Song in Prison" in "Chunhyangga" sung by Song Heung-rok, which is the first time Jinyang rhythm (a slow rhythm used in pansori) was applied in ''pansori''.


References

{{reflist Pansori