Denpa Song
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A is a type of Japanese music that is intentionally strange and catchy. Common features of ''denpa'' songs include intentionally off-key vocals, nonsensical lyrics, and an over-the-top tune. ''Denpa'' music has grown into a subculture within Japan, forming a significant aspect of
otaku is a Japanese word that describes people with consuming interests, such as anime, manga, video games, computers or other highly enthusiastic hobbies. Its contemporary use originated with a 1983 essay by Akio Nakamori in '' Manga Burikko''. ...
culture, and has large numbers of ''
dōjin In Japan, a is a group of people who share an interest, activity, or hobby. The word is sometimes translated into English as " clique", "fandom", "coterie", "society", or "circle" (as in " sewing circle"). Self-published creative works pro ...
'' circles and music artists dedicated to ''denpa'' music. ''Denpa'' is not a specific
genre Genre () is any style or form of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.) with socially agreed-upon conventions developed over time. In popular usage, it normally describes a category of literature, music, or other fo ...
in itself, but rather an umbrella term for various kinds of music.電波ソング/ 電波系ソング
, 同人用語の基礎知識

/ref> Alternative terms for ''denpa'' music coined in recent times include Akiba-pop (i.e. "pop of
Akihabara is a neighborhood in the Chiyoda ward of Tokyo, Japan, generally considered to be the area surrounding Akihabara Station (nicknamed ''Akihabara Electric Town''). This area is part of the and Kanda-Sakumachō districts of Chiyoda. There is an ...
") and A-pop. The term specifically refers to ''denpa'' music of otaku origin featuring '' moe'' themes.


Terminology

The Japanese term originally arose in the 1990s to describe quirky individuals who often daydream and live in their personal fantasies, and was derived from the in 1981. The assailant, Kawamata Gunji (川俣軍司), was using illicit substances when he slashed random bystanders in broad daylight, killing two housewives and two toddlers and injuring many others. When confronted in court, he explained that electromagnetic waves were telling him to kill people, and pleaded
insanity Insanity, madness, lunacy, and craziness are behaviors caused by certain abnormal mental or behavioral patterns. Insanity can manifest as violations of societal norms, including a person or persons becoming a danger to themselves or to other ...
. By the early 1990s, the term ''denpa'' began to appear throughout music and literature, and the phrase was used to refer to delusional, creepy people or crazed
lunatic ''Lunatic'' is a term referring to a person who is seen as Mental disorder, mentally ill, Risk, dangerous, Foolishness, foolish, or crazy—conditions once attributed to "lunacy". The word derives from ''lunaticus'' meaning "of the moon" or "moo ...
s as a derogatory euphemism, based on the idea that such people could hear voices, see things and communicate through
telepathy Telepathy () is the purported vicarious transmission of information from one person's mind to another's without using any known human sensory channels or physical interaction. The term was first coined in 1882 by the classical scholar Frederic ...
as a result of electromagnetic waves. Examples of such usage at the time include songs by Japanese metal band Kinniku Shōjo Tai, which made references to the murder incident. In regards to music, the term obtained a negative connotation, and was mainly associated with music that was considered creepy and had incomprehensible lyrics, often of
otaku is a Japanese word that describes people with consuming interests, such as anime, manga, video games, computers or other highly enthusiastic hobbies. Its contemporary use originated with a 1983 essay by Akio Nakamori in '' Manga Burikko''. ...
origin. Since otaku were often seen as strange people who behaved differently from the rest of society, ''denpa'' became widely associated with otaku culture in Japan and the
Akihabara is a neighborhood in the Chiyoda ward of Tokyo, Japan, generally considered to be the area surrounding Akihabara Station (nicknamed ''Akihabara Electric Town''). This area is part of the and Kanda-Sakumachō districts of Chiyoda. There is an ...
scene. Eventually, the term ''denpa'' began to encompass anyone who seemed quirky or out of tune with reality, as if these people were being hypnotized or controlled by electromagnetic waves. As time progressed, the ''denpa'' categorization of music began to take form, and such music became popular amongst otaku circles as a niche interest separate from the mainstream.


Characteristics

''Denpa'' songs consist of music with lyrics and tunes that are commonly viewed as awkward and strange. Despite this, listeners are drawn to it with the rationale that the music has "
hypnotized Hypnosis is a human condition involving focused attention (the selective attention/selective inattention hypothesis, SASI), reduced peripheral awareness, and an enhanced capacity to respond to suggestion.In 2015, the American Psychological ...
" the listener; they are "under control" by the strangeness of the song. This feeling of being "poisoned and brainwashed" by the song is referred to by the term . ''Denpa'' songs often contain lyrics that are nonsensical or contain otaku-related themes. Common themes include delusions, telepathy or insanity, and often, such songs contain chaotic or repetitive lyrics to the point of creepiness. ''Denpa'' songs often feature repetitive chants or off-key singing alongside a catchy melody, accentuating the excessive energy of the music. High-pitched vocals, wotagei cheers, and other various extremes build towards the chaos which characterizes ''denpa''. An example of such music is " Neko Mimi Mode", a song with the phrase "Neko Mimi Mode" repeated over and over as the lyrics. ''Denpa'' music may also be conflated with various other musical genres, such as gamewave,
bitpop Bitpop is a type of electronic music and subgenre of chiptune music, where at least part of the music is made using the sound chips of 8-bit (or 16-bit) computers and video game consoles. Characteristics Among systems used include the Atari ...
, and
chiptune Chiptune, also called 8-bit music (although not all chiptune is 8-bit music), is a style of electronic music made using the programmable sound generator (PSG) sound chips or synthesizers in vintage arcade machines, computers and video gam ...
music.What is denpa song?
/ref> ''Denpa'' is often characterized as cute and happy, since a large number of ''denpa'' music involves ''moe'' themes (which make ''denpa'' songs happy, cute, and fast-paced). However, this is not always the case, as they may also include darker themes. One conception of ''denpa'' music is that it is a type of "cute
J-pop J-pop (often stylized in all caps; an abbreviated form of "Japanese popular music"), natively known simply as , is the name for a form of popular music that entered the musical mainstream of Japan in the 1990s. Modern J-pop has its roots in trad ...
", but ''denpa'' is a largely underground trend. As such, it is not popular mainstream music, and has a separate scene to that of J-pop. ''Denpa'' was, in its early days, associated mainly with creepy music, and as a result, became frowned upon in the mainstream and remained confined to niche otaku groups. Under17 was a popular band which made songs that were musically cute with quirky lyrics, and these songs altered the perception of ''denpa'' music.


In popular culture

''Denpa'' albums are often sold by artists at events such as
Comiket , more commonly known as or , is a semiannual Doujinshi convention, ''doujinshi'' convention in Tokyo, Japan. A grassroots market focused on the sale of ''doujin'' (self-published) works, Comiket is a not-for-profit fan convention administered ...
, and other large gatherings of people interested in otaku culture. ''Denpa'' is sometimes used in the opening and closing themes of
anime is a Traditional animation, hand-drawn and computer animation, computer-generated animation originating from Japan. Outside Japan and in English, ''anime'' refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However, , in Japan and in Ja ...
series; examples include the opening themes of '' Shinryaku! Ika Musume'', '' Kill Me Baby'', and '' Wasteful Days of High School Girls''.


Notable artists

*
Camellia ''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in tropical and subtropical areas in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are ...
* Emamouse *
IOSYS is a Japanese musical ensemble and ''doujin'' circle from Sapporo, Japan. The group is primarily known for producing rearrangements of music from the '' Touhou Project'' series of shoot 'em up video games. They are not signed to a label, inst ...
* Kotoko *
Momoiro Clover Z is a Japanese idol girl group, commonly abbreviated as MCZ or . The four members of MCZ are known for energetic performances, incorporating elements of ballet, gymnastics, and action movies. MCZ is notable for being the first female group to ho ...
* Mosaic.wav * * Nanawo Akari * Under17


See also

* Cringe pop *
Happy hardcore Happy hardcore, also known as 4-beat or happycore, is a subgenre of hardcore dance music or " hard dance". It emerged both from the UK breakbeat hardcore rave scene, and Belgian, German and Dutch hardcore techno scenes in the early 1990s ...
* Kawaii future bass *
Hardcore techno Hardcore (also known as hardcore techno) is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in the Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany in the early 1990s. It is distinguished by faster tempos (160 to 200 BPM or more) and a distorted sawtooth ...
*
Speedcore Speedcore is a form of electronic music that is characterized by a high tempo and aggressive themes. It was created in the early to mid-1990s and the name originates from the hardcore genre as well as the high tempo used. Songs are usually clas ...


References

{{reflist 20th-century music genres Doujin music Japanese styles of music Japanese subcultures Japanese youth culture Moe (slang) Music fandom Otaku