Dennis Victor Lindley (25 July 1923 – 14 December 2013) was an English statistician, decision theorist and leading advocate of

Bayesian statistics Bayesian statistics ( or ) is a theory in the field of statistics based on the Bayesian interpretation of probability, where probability expresses a ''degree of belief'' in an event. The degree of belief may be based on prior knowledge about ...

Biography

Lindley grew up in the south-west London suburb of

Surbiton Surbiton is a suburban neighbourhood in South West London, within the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames (RBK). It is next to the River Thames, southwest of Charing Cross. Surbiton was in the Historic counties of England, historic county of ...

. He was an only child and his father was a local building contractor. Lindley recalled (to Adrian Smith) that the family had "little culture" and that both his parents were "proud of the fact that they had never read a book". The school Lindley attended, Tiffin School, introduced him to "ordinary cultural activities"."Lindley Prize – Dennis Lindley"
International Society for Bayesian Analysis, ''accessed 31 October 2023'' From there Lindley went to read mathematics at

Trinity College, Cambridge Trinity College is a Colleges of the University of Cambridge, constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, Trinity is one of the largest Cambridge colleges, with the largest financial endowment of any ...

in 1941. During the war the degree course lasted only two years and, on finishing, Lindley had a choice between entering the armed forces and joining the Civil Service as a statistician. He chose the latter and, after taking a short course given by Oscar Irwin which he "did not understand", he joined a section of the Ministry of Supply doing statistical work under George Barnard. After the war, Lindley spent some time at the National Physical Laboratory before returning to Cambridge for a further year of study. From 1948 to 1960 he worked at Cambridge, starting as a demonstrator and leaving as director of the Statistical Laboratory. In 1960 Lindley left to take up a new chair at

Aberystwyth Aberystwyth (; ) is a University town, university and seaside town and a community (Wales), community in Ceredigion, Wales. It is the largest town in Ceredigion and from Aberaeron, the county's other administrative centre. In 2021, the popula ...

. It is widely acknowledged that in 1961, Lindley was the first to solve the

Secretary problem The secretary problem demonstrates a scenario involving optimal stopping theory For French translation, secover storyin the July issue of ''Pour la Science'' (2009). that is studied extensively in the fields of applied probability, statistics, a ...

in a scientific article. In 1967 he moved to

University College London University College London (Trade name, branded as UCL) is a Public university, public research university in London, England. It is a Member institutions of the University of London, member institution of the Federal university, federal Uni ...

. In 1977 Lindley took early retirement at the age of 54. From then until 1987 he travelled the world as an "itinerant scholar", and later continued to write and to attend conferences. He was awarded the Royal Statistical Society's Guy Medal in Gold in 2002. Lindley first encountered statistics as a set of techniques and in his early years at Cambridge, he worked to find a mathematical basis for the subject. His lectures on probability were based on Kolmogorov's approach which at that time had no following in Britain. In 1954 Lindley met Savage who was also looking for a deeper justification of the ideas of Neyman, Pearson, Wald and Fisher. Both found that justification in Bayesian theory and they turned into critics of the classical statistical inference they had hoped to justify. Lindley became a great missionary for the Bayesian gospel. The atmosphere of the Bayesian revival is captured in a comment by Rivett on Lindley's move to University College London and the premier chair of statistics in Britain: "it was as though a Jehovah's Witness had been elected Pope". In 1959 he was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association.View/Search Fellows of the ASA
, accessed 2016-07-23. In 2000, the International Society for Bayesian Analysis created the Lindley prize in his honour.

Publications

* (with J. C. P. Miller) ''Cambridge Elementary Statistical Tables'', Cambridge. 1953. * ''Fiducial distributions and Bayes’ theorem'',

Journal of the Royal Statistical Society The ''Journal of the Royal Statistical Society'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of statistics. It comprises three series and is published by Oxford University Press for the Royal Statistical Society. History The Statistical Society of ...

B 1958 vol.20 p.102-107. The distribution analysed now known as the Lindley distribution. * ''Introduction to Probability and Statistics from a Bayesian Viewpoint'', 2 volumes, Cambridge 1965. * ''Bayesian Statistics : a Review'', SIAM. 1971. * ''Making Decisions'', Wiley-Interscience. 1971. * (with W.F. Scott) ''New Cambridge Elementary Statistical Tables'', Cambridge. 1984. The bibliography in Freeman and Smith lists 118 articles up to 1993. * "The Philosophy of Statistics," ''

: Series D (The Statistician)'', Vol. 49, No. 3, (2000), pp. 293–337. * ''Understanding Uncertainty'', Wiley-Interscience, 2006 (Revised edition 2014; Chichester: Wiley).

References

Sources

;70th birthday tribute * This contains a biography and articles by various authors. * ;Interviews * * *

External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Lindley, Dennis 1923 births 2013 deaths People from Surbiton English statisticians Bayesian statisticians Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge Academics of Aberystwyth University Academics of University College London Donegall Lecturers of Mathematics at Trinity College Dublin People educated at Tiffin School Fellows of the American Statistical Association British mathematical statisticians Scientists of the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom)