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The term ''degree'' is used in several scales of temperature, with the notable exception of
kelvin The kelvin (symbol: K) is the base unit for temperature in the International System of Units (SI). The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale that starts at the lowest possible temperature (absolute zero), taken to be 0 K. By de ...
, primary unit of temperature for
engineering Engineering is the practice of using natural science, mathematics, and the engineering design process to Problem solving#Engineering, solve problems within technology, increase efficiency and productivity, and improve Systems engineering, s ...
and the
physical sciences Physical science is a branch of natural science that studies non-living systems, in contrast to life science. It in turn has many branches, each referred to as a "physical science", together is called the "physical sciences". Definition ...
. The
degree symbol The degree symbol or degree sign, , is a glyph or symbol that is used, among other things, to represent degrees of arc (e.g. in geographic coordinate systems), hours (in the medical field), degrees of temperature or alcohol proof. The symbo ...
° is usually used, followed by the initial letter of the unit; for example, "°C" for degree Celsius. A degree can be defined as a set change in temperature measured against a given scale; for example, one degree Celsius is one-hundredth of the temperature change between the point at which water starts to change state from solid to liquid state and the point at which it starts to change from its liquid to gaseous state.


Scales of temperature measured in degrees

Common scales of temperature measured in degrees: *
Celsius The degree Celsius is the unit of temperature on the Celsius temperature scale "Celsius temperature scale, also called centigrade temperature scale, scale based on 0 Â° for the melting point of water and 100 Â° for the boiling point ...
(°C) *
Fahrenheit The Fahrenheit scale () is a scale of temperature, temperature scale based on one proposed in 1724 by the German-Polish physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736). It uses the degree Fahrenheit (symbol: °F) as the unit. Several accou ...
(°F) * Rankine (°R or °Ra), which uses the Fahrenheit scale, adjusted so that 0 degrees Rankine is equal to
absolute zero Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature, a state at which a system's internal energy, and in ideal cases entropy, reach their minimum values. The absolute zero is defined as 0 K on the Kelvin scale, equivalent to −273.15 Â° ...
. Unlike the degree Fahrenheit and degree Celsius, the kelvin is no longer referred to or written as a degree (but was before 1967). The kelvin is the primary unit of temperature measurement in the physical sciences, but is often used in conjunction with the degree Celsius, which has the same magnitude. Other scales of temperature: * Delisle (°D) * Newton (°N) * Réaumur (°Ré) * Rømer (°Rø) * Wedgwood (°W)


Kelvin

The "degree Kelvin" () is a former name and symbol for the SI unit of temperature on the thermodynamic (absolute) temperature scale. Since 1967, it has been known simply as the
kelvin The kelvin (symbol: K) is the base unit for temperature in the International System of Units (SI). The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale that starts at the lowest possible temperature (absolute zero), taken to be 0 K. By de ...
, with symbol K (without a degree symbol). Degree absolute (°A) is obsolete terminology, often referring specifically to the kelvin but sometimes the degree Rankine as well.


Comparisons

* Boiling point of water: 100.0 Â°C / 212.0 Â°F * Melting point of ice: 0.0 Â°C / 32.0 Â°F * Typical human body temperature: 37.0 Â°C / 98.6 Â°F * Room temperature: 20–25 Â°C / 68–77 Â°F


Temperature conversions

All three of the major temperature scales are related through a
linear equation In mathematics, a linear equation is an equation that may be put in the form a_1x_1+\ldots+a_nx_n+b=0, where x_1,\ldots,x_n are the variables (or unknowns), and b,a_1,\ldots,a_n are the coefficients, which are often real numbers. The coeffici ...
, and so the conversion between any of them is relatively straightforward. For instance, any Celsius temperature ''c'' Â°C can be calculated from a corresponding Fahrenheit temperature ''f'' Â°F or absolute temperature ''k'' K. :\begin c \;=\; \frac(f - 32) \;=\; k-273.15 \end The equations above may also be rearranged to solve for f or k, to give :\begin f \;&=\; \fracc + 32 \;=\; \frac (k-273.15) + 32\\ k \;&=\; c+273.15 \;=\; \frac(f - 32) + 273.15 \end


See also

* Comparison of temperature scales *
International System of Units The International System of Units, internationally known by the abbreviation SI (from French ), is the modern form of the metric system and the world's most widely used system of measurement. It is the only system of measurement with official s ...


References

{{reflist, refs= {{cite book , title=Physikalisches Wörterbuch , language=de , trans-title= , chapter=Nox, Dunkelleuchtdichte, Skot , author-first=Wilhelm Heinrich , author-last=Westphal , author-link=Wilhelm Heinrich Westphal , date=1952 , edition=1 , publisher= Springer-Verlag OHG , publication-place=Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg, Germany , isbn=978-3-662-12707-0 , doi=10.1007/978-3-662-12706-3 , pages=125, 271, 389 , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QaCFBwAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA125 , access-date=2023-03-16 , quote-pages=271, 389 , quote=Dunkelleuchtdichte. ��Unter Zugrundelegung dieser Empfindlichkeitskurve hat man 1940 in Deutschland die Dunkelleuchtdichte mit der Einheit Skot (sk) so festgesetzt, daß bei einem Licht der Farbtemperatur 2360 {{not a typo, ° K 1 sk = 10−3 asb gilt. 1948 ist von der Internationalen Beleuchtungskommission (IBK) die Bezugstemperatur auf 2046 {{not a typo, °K, die Erstarrungstemperatur des Platins, festgesetzt worden. Die Bezeichnung Skot wurde von der IBK nicht übernommen, dafür soll "skotopisches Stilb" gesagt werden. Als höchstzulässiger Grenzwert für die Dunkelleuchtdichte ist in Deutschland 10 Skot festgesetzt worden, um eine Verwendung der Dunkelleuchtdichte im Gebiet des gemischten Zapfen- und Stäbchensehens zu vermeiden, da in diesem Bereich die photometrischen Maßgrößen wegen der allmählich gleitenden Augenempfindlichkeitskurve ihren Sinn verlieren. ��Skot, abgek �rztsk, Einheit für die Dunkelleuchtdichte, welche für zahlenmäßige Angaben und zum Anschluß der Dunkelleuchtdichte an die normale Leuchtdichte 1940 von der {{ill, German Lighting Society, de, Deutsche Lichttechnische Gesellschaft, lt=Deutschen Lichttechnischen Gesellschaft geschaffen wurde. Für diesen Anschluß wurde die Strahlung des schwarzen Körpers bei ''T'' = 2360 {{not a typo, °K, d.h. eine Strahlung der Farbtemperatur ''T''1 = 2360 {{not a typo, °K vereinbart. Eine Lichtquelle strahlt mit der Dunkelleuchtdichte 1 sk, wenn sie photometrisch gleich einer Strahlung der Farbtemperatur ''T''2 = 2360 {{not a typo, °K und der Leuchtdichte von 10−3 asb (Apostilb) ist. Bei der Farbtemperatur ''T''1 = 2360 {{not a typo, °K gilt also die Relation: 1 sk = 10−3 asb = 10−7/Ï€ sb. , trans-quote= {{cite web , title=Unit of thermodynamic temperature (kelvin) (International System of Units brochure, Section 2.1.1.5) , publisher=
International Bureau of Weights and Measures The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (, BIPM) is an List of intergovernmental organizations, intergovernmental organisation, through which its 64 member-states act on measurement standards in areas including chemistry, ionising radi ...
, date= , edition= , url=http://www.bipm.org/en/publications/si-brochure/kelvin.html , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007053944/http://www.bipm.org/en/publications/si-brochure/kelvin.html , archive-date=2014-10-07
{{cite web , title=Metric system temperature (kelvin and degree Celsius) , publisher=Colorado State University - Lamar , date= , url=http://lamar.colostate.edu/~hillger/temps.htm , access-date=2009-02-10 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000116044337/http://lamar.colostate.edu/~hillger/temps.htm , archive-date=2000-01-16 {{cite web , title=Resolution 3 of the 13th CGPM (1967) , website=bipm.org , publisher=BIPM , date=1967 , url=https://www.bipm.org/en/committees/cg/cgpm/13-1967/resolution-3 , access-date=2022-02-21 {{cite web , title=Resolution 3: SI unit of thermodynamic temperature (kelvin) , work=Resolutions of the 13th CGPM , publisher=Bureau International des Poids et Mesures , date=1967 , url=http://www.bipm.fr/en/CGPM/db/13/3/ , access-date=2008-02-06 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070421013852/http://www.bipm.fr/en/CGPM/db/13/3/ , archive-date=2007-04-21 Units of temperature