Dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) are one-way or two-way short-range to medium-range
wireless
Wireless communication (or just wireless, when the context allows) is the transfer of information between two or more points without the use of an electrical conductor, optical fiber or other continuous guided medium for the transfer. The mos ...
communication channels specifically designed for automotive use and a corresponding set of protocols and standards.
History
In October 1999, the United States
Federal Communications Commission
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that regulates communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable across the United States. The FCC maintains jurisd ...
(FCC) allocated 75 MHz of spectrum in the 5.9 GHz band to be used by
intelligent transportation systems (ITS).
In August 2008, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (
ETSI
The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is an independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the field of information and communications. ETSI supports the development and testing of global technical standard ...
) allocated 30 MHz of spectrum in the 5.9 GHz band for ITS.
By 2003, it was used in Europe and Japan in
electronic toll collection.
DSRC systems in Europe, Japan and the U.S. are not compatible and include some very significant variations (5.8 GHz, 5.9 GHz or even infrared, different baud rates, and different protocols).
Singapore's
Electronic Road Pricing
The Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system is an electronic toll collection scheme adopted in Singapore to manage traffic by way of road pricing, and as a usage-based taxation mechanism to complement the purchase-based Certificate of Entitle ...
scheme plans to use DSRC technology for road use measurement (ERP2) to replace its ERP1 overhead gantry method.
In June 2017, the Utah Department of Transportation successfully demonstrated a Transit DSRC system on SR-68 (Redwood Road) for eleven miles, from 400 South in Salt Lake City to 8020 South in West Jordan City. This was in partnership with the Utah Transit Authority. Several UTA Transit buses were outfitted with the DSRC equipment to allow for signal cycle time extensions if the bus was running behind schedule.
In November 2020, the FCC reallocated all of DSRC's spectrum for other uses citing lack of adoption. Allocating 45 MHz to the neighboring 5.8 GHz
ISM band
The ISM radio bands are portions of the radio spectrum reserved internationally for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) purposes, excluding applications in telecommunications.
Examples of applications for the use of radio frequency (RF) en ...
and the remaining 30 Mhz to use by
Cellular V2X.
Other possible applications were:
* Emergency warning system for vehicles
*
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
* Cooperative Forward Collision Warning
* Intersection collision avoidance
* Approaching emergency vehicle warning (Blue Waves)
* Vehicle safety inspection
* Transit or emergency vehicle signal priority
* Electronic parking payments
* Commercial vehicle clearance and safety inspections
* In-vehicle signing
* Rollover warning
* Probe data collection
* Highway-rail intersection warning
*
Electronic toll collection
Other short-range wireless protocols are
IEEE 802.11,
Bluetooth
Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology standard that is used for exchanging data between fixed and mobile devices over short distances and building personal area networks (PANs). In the most widely used mode, transmission power is limit ...
and
CALM.
Standardization
The European standardization organisation
European Committee for Standardization
The European Committee for Standardization (CEN, french: Comité Européen de Normalisation) is a public standards organization whose mission is to foster the economy of the European Single Market and the wider European continent in global tr ...
(CEN), sometimes in co-operation with the
International Organization for Standardization
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO ) is an international standard development organization composed of representatives from the national standards organizations of member countries. Membership requirements are given in Ar ...
(ISO) developed some DSRC standards:
* EN 12253:2004 Dedicated Short-Range CommunicationPhysical layer using microwave at 5.8 GHz (review)
* EN 12795:2002 Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC)DSRC Data link layer: Medium Access and Logical Link Control (review)
* EN 12834:2002 Dedicated Short-Range CommunicationApplication layer (review)
* EN 13372:2004 Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC)DSRC profiles for RTTT applications (review)
* EN ISO 14906:2004 Electronic Fee CollectionApplication interface
Each standard addresses different layers in the
OSI model communication stack.
See also
*
V2V
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are created by applying the principles of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) – the spontaneous creation of a wireless network of mobile devices – to the domain of vehicles. VANETs were first mentioned and intro ...
*
Vehicular communication systems
Vehicular communication systems are computer networks in which vehicles and roadside units are the communicating nodes, providing each other with information, such as safety warnings and traffic information. They can be effective in avoiding accid ...
*
Telematics
Telematics is an interdisciplinary field encompassing telecommunications, vehicular technologies (road transport, road safety, etc.), electrical engineering (sensors, instrumentation, wireless communications, etc.), and computer science (multimedi ...
References
External links
Performance Evaluation of Short-Range Communication Links for Road Transport & Traffic Telematics{{in lang, de