Decarboxylase
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Carboxy-lyases, also known as decarboxylases, are carbon–carbon lyases that add or remove a carboxyl group from
organic compound Some chemical authorities define an organic compound as a chemical compound that contains a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond; others consider an organic compound to be any chemical compound that contains carbon. For example, carbon-co ...
s. These
enzyme An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
s catalyze the decarboxylation of amino acids and alpha-keto acids.


Classification and nomenclature

Carboxy-lyases are categorized under EC number 4.1.1. Usually, they are named after the substrate whose decarboxylation they catalyze, for example pyruvate decarboxylase catalyzes the decarboxylation of
pyruvate Pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH) is the simplest of the alpha-keto acids, with a carboxylic acid and a ketone functional group. Pyruvate, the conjugate base, CH3COCOO−, is an intermediate in several metabolic pathways throughout the cell. Pyruvic ...
.


Examples

* Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase * Glutamate decarboxylase * Histidine decarboxylase * Ornithine decarboxylase * Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase * Pyruvate decarboxylase * RuBisCO – the only carboxylase that leads to a net fixation of carbon dioxide * Uridine monophosphate synthetase * Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase * enoyl-CoA carboxylases/reductases (ECRs)


See also

*
Enzyme An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
s * Lyases * List of EC numbers of enzymes belonging to category EC 4.1


References


External links

* {{Portal bar, Biology, border=no *