De Tretten (The Group of Thirteen), also De Tretten Kunstnere (The Thirteen Artists), was a grouping of young Danish artists who arranged their own exhibitions in
Copenhagen
Copenhagen ( ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a population of 1.4 million in the Urban area of Copenhagen, urban area. The city is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the ...
from 1909 to 1912 in order to display works which would not have been accepted for exhibition by the then rather traditional
Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts
The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts () has provided education in the arts for more than 250 years, playing its part in the development of the art of Denmark.
History
The Royal Danish Academy of Portraiture, Sculpture, and Architecture in Cope ...
.
Background
Based on the French model of the
Salon des Refusés
The Salon des Refusés, French for "exhibition of rejects" (), is generally known as an exhibition of works rejected by the jury of the official Paris Salon, but the term is most famously used to refer to the Salon des Refusés of 1863.
Today, ...
, De Tretten was founded on the initiative of
Olaf Rude (who exhibited there in 1909 and 1910) and the critic
Jens Pedersen. Rude had managed to obtain financial guarantees for the enterprise from those who had recently established themselves in the seaside resort of
Marielyst on
Falster
Falster () is an island in south-eastern Denmark with an area of and 43,398 inhabitants as of 1 January 2010. which had been promoted as an artists colony along the lines of
Skagen
Skagen () is the northernmost town in Denmark, on the east coast of the Skagen Odde peninsula in the far north of Jutland, part of Frederikshavn Municipality in North Denmark Region, Nordjylland, north of Frederikshavn and northeast of Aalbo ...
. Several, including Rude himself, had studied at the
Kunstnernes Frie Studieskoler under
Kristian Zahrtmann
Peder Henrik Kristian Zahrtmann, known as Kristian Zahrtmann, (31 March 1843 – 22 June 1917) was a Danish painter. He was a part of the Danish artistic generation in the late 19th century, along with Peder Severin Krøyer and Theodor Philipsen, ...
who had broken away from the Academy into the developing trends of
Naturalism and
Realism. Paintings exhibited at De Tretten were often in line with movements of the times such as
Futurism
Futurism ( ) was an Art movement, artistic and social movement that originated in Italy, and to a lesser extent in other countries, in the early 20th century. It emphasized dynamism, speed, technology, youth, violence, and objects such as the ...
and
Post-Impressionism
Post-Impressionism (also spelled Postimpressionism) was a predominantly French art movement that developed roughly between 1886 and 1905, from the last Impressionist exhibition to the birth of Fauvism. Post-Impressionism emerged as a reaction a ...
.
Exhibiting artists
De Tretten also included:
[Lars Kærulf Møller, "Olaf Rude"]
''Kunstindeks Danmark & Weilbachs kunstnerleksikon''. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
*
Folmer Bonnén (1885–1960), exhibited in 1909, 1910 and 1912
*
Niels Peter Bolt (1886-1965), exhibited in 1909 and 1912
*
Anton Hansen (1891–1960), exhibited in 1910 and 1912
[Hanne Abildgaard, "Anton Hansen"]
''Kunstindeks Danmark & Weilbachs kunstnerleksikon''. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
*
Harald Henriksen (1883–1960), exhibited in 1909 and 1910
*
Axel P. Jensen (1886–1972), exhibited in 1909 and 1910
*
Carl Jensen (1887–1961), exhibited in 1909 and 1910
*
Aksel Jørgensen (1883-1957), exhibited in 1909 and 1910
*
Hans Jespersen Koefoed (1884–1975), exhibited in 1912
*
Jais Nielsen (1885–1961), exhibited in 1909 and 1910
*
Storm Petersen (1882–1949), better known as Storm P., exhibited in 1909
*
William Scharff (1886–1959), exhibited in 1909 and 1910
*
Einar Utzon-Frank (1888–1955), exhibited in 1909
*
Edvard Weie (1879-1943), exhibited in 1909.
Similar Danish initiatives
De Tretten was not the only attempt to exhibit outside the Academy.
Den Frie Udstilling (The Free Exhibition) was established in 1891 and continues to exhibit today.
Grønningen, founded in 1915, now exhibits in the
Charlottenborg Exhibition Hall.
["Om Den Frie"]
, Den Frie Udstilling. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
"Grønningen"
KunstGuide. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
References
Bibliography
*''Katalog over de tretten Kunstneres Udstilling'', Copenhagen: Den Frie Udstillings Bygning, 1909-1912.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tretten, De
Danish artist groups and collectives
1909 establishments in Denmark
Arts organizations established in 1909
Art exhibitions in Denmark
Danish painters
Danish art