David Reekie is an English glass sculptor who uses drawing and

glass casting Glass casting is the process in which glass objects are cast by directing molten glass into a mould where it solidifies. The technique has been used since the 15th century BCE in both Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. Modern cast glass is formed by a ...

to express his vision of the

human condition The human condition can be defined as the characteristics and key events of human life, including birth, learning, emotion, aspiration, reason, morality, conflict, and death. This is a very broad topic that has been and continues to be pondered ...

. His art can be found in the

Victoria and Albert Museum The Victoria and Albert Museum (abbreviated V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of applied arts, decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 2.8 million objects. It was founded in 1852 and named after Queen ...

in London and the

Carnegie Museum of Art The Carnegie Museum of Art is an art museum in the Oakland (Pittsburgh), Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The museum was originally known as the Department of Fine Arts, Carnegie Institute and was formerly located ...

in Pittsburgh, as well as in several other public collections in the United Kingdom. A founding member of ''British Artists in Glass'', now the

Contemporary Glass Society The Contemporary Glass Society (CGS) is an association of artists working in the medium of glass in the United Kingdom and internationally. Established in 1997, the organisation funded through member subscriptions and charitable contributions. ...

, Reekie's work has featured in countless periodicals and in over 60 exhibits worldwide.

Background and education

Born in the

London Borough of Hackney The London Borough of Hackney ( ) is a London boroughs, London borough in Inner London, England. The historical and administrative heart of Hackney is Mare Street, which lies north-east of Charing Cross. The borough is named after Hackney, Lond ...

(1947), David Reekie discovered an early love of drawing that has remained central to his life and work for well over four decades. Distinguished by his talent with a pencil and an active perceptive faculty he was encouraged to attend art college. Reekie studied art at

Stourbridge Stourbridge () is a market town in the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley in the West Midlands (county), West Midlands, England. Situated on the River Stour, Worcestershire, River Stour, the town lies around west of Birmingham, at the southwester ...

College of Art (1967–1970).''David Reekie'', edited by Cocker M, 2001, p. 5 Set in the heart of the UK's traditional

glass making Glass production involves two main methods – the float glass process that produces sheet glass, and glassblowing that produces bottles and other containers. It has been done in a variety of ways during the history of glass. Glass container pr ...

industry, Stourbridge College of Art was a natural place of innovation and discovery in the world of

glass art Glass art refers to individual works of art that are substantially or wholly made of glass. It ranges in size from monumental works and installation pieces to wall hangings and windows, to works of art made in studios and factories, including gl ...

. What is thought to be the only complete remaining glass cone of its kind, reaching 100 ft into the air and enclosing a furnace around which glass has been made for almost two centuries, the

Red House Cone The Red House Cone is a Listed building, Grade II* listed glass cone located in Wordsley in the West Midlands (county), West Midlands, adjacent to the Stourbridge Canal bridge on the A491 road, A491 High Street. It is a high conical brick st ...

, dominates the landscape. At

, Reekie studied under the pioneering glass sculptor Harry Seager whose

plate glass Plate glass, flat glass or sheet glass is a type of glass, initially produced in plane form, commonly used for windows, glass doors, transparent walls, and windscreens. For modern architectural and automotive applications, the flat glass is ...

stacking pieces, were ahead of his time. He also drew inspiration from Professor Keith Cummings commonly known as the father of English cast glass. A pioneer of

cire perdue Lost-wax castingalso called investment casting, precision casting, or ''cire perdue'' (; borrowed from French)is the process by which a duplicate sculpture (often a metal, such as silver, gold, brass, or bronze) is cast from an original sculpt ...

, or the

lost wax casting Lost-wax castingalso called investment casting, precision casting, or ''cire perdue'' (; loanword, borrowed from French language, French)is the process by which a duplicate sculpture (often a metal, such as silver, gold, brass, or bronze) is cas ...

technique, Professor Cummings is an internationally recognised glass artist and author of a number of books on the subject. Reekie went on to study at Birmingham College of Art Education, eventually obtaining a fellowship in glass at Lincolnshire and Humberside Arts (1975–1980).Artist's website
/ref> In 1976 Reekie was part of a group of glass artists who founded ''British Artist's in Glass'', now the

This organisation was partly instrumental in bringing Reekie's work international recognition. In 1988, he was awarded a

Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British statesman, military officer, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 (Winston Churchill in the Second World War, ...

Travel Fellowship to research glass in architecture in the US. His work is currently shown in America b
Thomas R.Riley Galleries
Cleveland, Ohio. Reekie has lectured extensively on glass sculpture and his own casting technique, in the UK Europe, US and Australia.

Modus operandi

An innovator both artistically and technically in the field, Reekie's work more often than not, begins on the page with a sketch or a drawing. These drawings are surreal in character and similar in attitude to the humorist

John Tenniel John Tenniel (; 28 February 182025 February 1914) was an English illustrator, graphic humourist and political cartoonist prominent in the second half of the 19th century. An alumnus of the Royal Academy of Arts in London, he was knight bachelor ...

, who worked first for '' Punch'' magazine and later collaborated with

Lewis Carroll Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (27 January 1832 – 14 January 1898), better known by his pen name Lewis Carroll, was an English author, poet, mathematician, photographer and reluctant Anglicanism, Anglican deacon. His most notable works are ''Alice ...

in producing the illustrations for ''

Alice in Wonderland ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'' (also known as ''Alice in Wonderland'') is an 1865 English Children's literature, children's novel by Lewis Carroll, a mathematics university don, don at the University of Oxford. It details the story of a ...

''. Like Tenniel, Reekie is driven not so much by the inner nature or surface beauty of his medium, so much as by his observations of the foibles and failings of human and animal character. As Jennifer Hawkins Opie of the

puts is:

"Unlike many of his contemporaries, the intrinsic beauty of glass holds little fascination for Reekie; in his work the material must be pressed into the service of narrative and comment. His telling explorations of humankind's obsessions are unique in contemporary British glass and they tread a fine between comedy and tragedy" Jennifer Hawkins Opie, V&A museum, A Captive Audience in ''David Reekie'', ed. Cocker M., 2001, p. 6.

This combination of pictorial satirist and skilled craftsman, places Reekie's work in the tradition of the London born painter, engraver and

social critic Social criticism is a form of academic or journalistic criticism focusing on social issues in contemporary society, in respect to perceived injustices and power relations in general. Social criticism of the Enlightenment The origin of modern ...

William Hogarth William Hogarth (; 10 November 1697 – 26 October 1764) was an English painter, engraving, engraver, pictorial social satire, satirist, editorial cartoonist and occasional writer on art. His work ranges from Realism (visual arts), realistic p ...

The 18th-century Hogarth took a lively interest in London street life and the political questions of the day, which he expressed in his paintings and

engraving Engraving is the practice of incising a design on a hard, usually flat surface by cutting grooves into it with a Burin (engraving), burin. The result may be a decorated object in itself, as when silver, gold, steel, or Glass engraving, glass ar ...

s. A Londoner himself, Reekie states that one of the sources of his inspiration is newspaper photographs. The

penny dreadful Penny dreadfuls were cheap popular Serial (literature), serial literature produced during the 19th century in the United Kingdom. The pejorative term is roughly interchangeable with penny horrible, penny awful, and penny blood. The term typical ...

s of today perhaps providing a ready source of images and stories, revealing the often absurd nature of our relationships with one another and political life. Reekie's drawings also share certain qualities with those of the French caricaturist

Honoré Daumier Honoré-Victorin Daumier (; February 26, 1808 – February 10 or 11, 1879) was a French painter, sculptor, and printmaker, whose many works offer commentary on the social and political life in France, from the July Revolution, Revolution of 1830 ...

. The chequered shirt in Reekie's ''Different People'' may well be an implicit reference to the influence of Daumier on his Art. While these drawings are the means by which Reekie initially expresses his ideas, what makes them unique among his forerunners, is that they are given three-dimensional form in coloured, cast glass.

Method

An early enthusiast of cast glass, Reekie has developed his own distinct version of the

method. The lost wax process can be traced back to the

Romans Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of Roman civilization *Epistle to the Romans, shortened to Romans, a letter w ...

and involves creating a wax model which is then encased in a casting material and

steamed Steaming is a method of cooking using steam. This is often done with a food steamer, a kitchen appliance made specifically to cook food with steam, but food can also be steamed in a wok. In the American Southwest, steam pits used for cooking ha ...

out. The piece is modelled first in

wax Waxes are a diverse class of organic compounds that are lipophilic, malleable solids near ambient temperatures. They include higher alkanes and lipids, typically with melting points above about 40 °C (104 °F), melting to give lo ...

with the base being moulded out of

clay Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolinite, ). Most pure clay minerals are white or light-coloured, but natural clays show a variety of colours from impuriti ...

. The modelling is a gradual process that takes about two weeks. Reekie is not simply an artist, but a craftsman par excellence, and it is here the skills of his craft first come to the fore. When the artist is satisfied with the model, it is carefully encased in a

plaster Plaster is a building material used for the protective or decorative coating of walls and ceilings and for moulding and casting decorative elements. In English, "plaster" usually means a material used for the interiors of buildings, while "re ...

and

flint Flint, occasionally flintstone, is a sedimentary cryptocrystalline form of the mineral quartz, categorized as the variety of chert that occurs in chalk or marly limestone. Historically, flint was widely used to make stone tools and start ...

mould. As soon as the mould is dry, the clay is gently removed and the wax model is

out. The mould is now ready to be filled with glass

cullet Glass recycling is the processing of waste glass into usable products. Glass that is crushed or imploded and ready to be remelted is called cullet. There are two types of cullet: internal and external. Internal cullet is composed of defective ...

. Whilst the mould is still damp, Reekie paints the inside surfaces with

vitreous enamel Vitreous enamel, also called porcelain enamel, is a material made by melting, fusing powdered glass to a substrate by firing, usually between . The powder melts, flows, and then hardens to a smooth, durable vitrification, vitreous coating. The wo ...

which gives the glass the kind of 'painterly quality' that characterises his drawings: a technique perfected over many years. In this way the colour is transferred to the three dimensional glass sculpture. A displacement test, using a bucket of water in the manner of

Archimedes Archimedes of Syracuse ( ; ) was an Ancient Greece, Ancient Greek Greek mathematics, mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and Invention, inventor from the ancient city of Syracuse, Sicily, Syracuse in History of Greek and Hellenis ...

, is used to measure the quantity of glass needed. The mould is then filled with cullet and transferred to a

kiln A kiln is a thermally insulated chamber, a type of oven, that produces temperatures sufficient to complete some process, such as hardening, drying, or Chemical Changes, chemical changes. Kilns have been used for millennia to turn objects m ...

. The kiln firing programme takes about ten days. During the first 24 hours of the firing programme, more glass is added as the cullet melts down. After 48 hours the glass will have melted and there is nothing to do but wait for the firing cycle to run its course. The cooling or annealing process, takes about a week. The mould can then be carefully removed, using wooden tools. When cold. the glass is ground and polished with

diamond tools A diamond tool is a cutting tool with diamond grains fixed on the functional parts of the tool via a bonding material or another method. As diamond is a superhard material, diamond tools have many advantages as compared with tools made with commo ...

Themes

A central theme of Reekie's work is the threat that modern life poses to our

individuality An individual is one that exists as a distinct entity. Individuality (or self-hood) is the state or quality of living as an individual; particularly (in the case of humans) as a person unique from other people and possessing one's own needs or g ...

and to the natural world. Much of his work is

Kafkaesque Franz Kafka (3 July 1883 – 3 June 1924) was a novelist and writer from Prague who was Jewish, Austrian, and Czech and wrote in German. He is widely regarded as a major figure of 20th-century literature. His work fuses elements of real ...

in its perception of the powerful, anonymous forces that try to shape us; and our ability (or lack of it) to either adapt to them or escape them. His expression of this is often satirically humorous, see for example the ''Robot Series'' in the gallery below. Reekie states that this series was partly inspired by his childhood memories of watching ''

Forbidden Planet ''Forbidden Planet'' is a 1956 American science fiction action film from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, produced by Nicholas Nayfack and directed by Fred M. Wilcox (director), Fred M. Wilcox from a script by Cyril Hume that was based on a film story by ...

'' and

Robby the Robot Robby the Robot is a fictional character who first appeared in the 1956 film ''Forbidden Planet''. He made a number of subsequent appearances in science fiction films and television programs, which has given him the distinction as "the harde ...

in the 1950s. Before the appearance of Robby, robots in movies and plays tended to lack personality characteristics, being simple mechanical devices. The artist suggests that his pieces are created to question our own, often

robotic Robotics is the interdisciplinary study and practice of the design, construction, operation, and use of robots. Within mechanical engineering, robotics is the design and construction of the physical structures of robots, while in computer s ...

or mindless behaviour. Indeed, human stupidity is a recurrent theme of Reekie's work. Perhaps the fact that today we give robots human characteristics, is as much a reflection on our own

mechanical Mechanical may refer to: Machine * Machine (mechanical), a system of mechanisms that shape the actuator input to achieve a specific application of output forces and movement * Mechanical calculator, a device used to perform the basic operations o ...

and unimaginative responses to the conditions we find ourselves in, as it is to developing technologies. In some sense our adaptability may well be our undoing. The title of the Robot Series, can be understood as a humorous take on

Isaac Asimov Isaac Asimov ( ; – April 6, 1992) was an Russian-born American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University. During his lifetime, Asimov was considered one of the "Big Three" science fiction writers, along with Robert A. H ...

's ''Robot'' series – and the

Three Laws of Robotics The Three Laws of Robotics (often shortened to The Three Laws or Asimov's Laws) are a set of rules devised by science fiction author Isaac Asimov, which were to be followed by robots in several of his stories. The rules were introduced in his 194 ...

may well feature. Another work by the artist, expressing the same themes is 'The Engineers'. Reekie's work is occasionally overtly political, in ''Rising Tension'' for instance, we are told that the piece "relates to terrorism or the

Israeli-Palestinian conflict Israelis (; ) are the citizens and nationals of the State of Israel. The country's populace is composed primarily of Jews and Arabs, who respectively account for 75 percent and 20 percent of the national figure, followed by other ethnic and ...

" and that it shows his own frustration about people's stubbornness and inability to get along. More often than not however, he is concerned with questions that relate to the

generally:

"My work is influenced by our reaction and adaptation to the society that surrounds us. We live in a world that grows more complex and difficult to comprehend. It has tensions and temptations that pull us in different directions. This creates characters and situations that provide a constant source of material from which I take my ideas",

In ''A Captive Audience'' (a work commissioned by the

) the text accompanying the piece described it in the following terms:

A band of naked figures stands rooted to the spot, each the clone of his neighbour, each indistinguishable from his neighbour, all hemmed in by a barrier and trapped on a confining platform. Seven of the figures face forward, but the eighth, at the back and unseen by his companions, has turned his head. He looks outside the barrier, perhaps hoping for a world with fewer rules and restrictions."

In a series of sculptures entitled ''Living in Confined Spaces'', Reekie explores his sense of the ever-increasing restrictions we place upon ourselves.

The food we eat, the way we think, our notions of physical and political space are all in some ways becoming more limited. ... At the same time, these pieces also illustrate how humans can rise above their limited and shrinking world and somehow manage to find ways of making their predicament more tolerable'.

Recent work

An Exchange of Information

Reekie's latest work can be found in a solo exhibition, hosted b
Dan Klein Associates
The exhibition is entitled, ''An Exchange of Information''. In these pieces the artist uses an '

Everyman The everyman is a stock character of fiction. An ordinary and humble character, the everyman is generally a protagonist whose benign conduct fosters the audience's identification with them. Origin and history The term ''everyman'' was used ...

' figure in the form of an

archetypal The concept of an archetype ( ) appears in areas relating to behavior, History of psychology#Emergence of German experimental psychology, historical psychology, philosophy and literary analysis. An archetype can be any of the following: # a stat ...

glass head and a series of small

ceramic A ceramic is any of the various hard, brittle, heat-resistant, and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing an inorganic, nonmetallic material, such as clay, at a high temperature. Common examples are earthenware, porcela ...

birds, to express his perception of our relationship with birds. These small ceramic, mass-produced birds, are familiar artefacts in our cultural landscape. Frequently found at

car boot sale Car boot sales or boot fairs are a form of market in which private individuals come together to sell household and garden goods. They are popular in the United Kingdom, where they are often referred to simply as 'car boots'. Some scientific ...

s, they haunt the shelves of

charity shop A charity shop is a retail establishment run by a charitable organization to raise money. Charity shops are a type of social enterprise. They sell mainly used goods such as clothing, books, music albums, shoes, toys, and furniture donated by ...

s and the mantelpieces of old ladies who treasure them. The juxtappositon of these small birds alongside slightly unnerving, disembodied, glass heads, reminds us of the work of the surrealist

René Magritte René François Ghislain Magritte (; 21 November 1898 – 15 August 1967) was a Belgium, Belgian surrealist artist known for his depictions of familiar objects in unfamiliar, unexpected contexts, which often provoked questions about the nature ...

, who often used everyday, familiar objects, placed in new contexts, to infuse the object with a new significance, while making us aware of its hidden ambiguities. As the artist himself puts it, "through surreal uses of situation and perception. I have tried to illustrate aspects of human behaviour. Often I used ironic. sometimes macabre humour to make a point" Birds have always had a certain place in our

mythology Myth is a genre of folklore consisting primarily of narratives that play a fundamental role in a society. For scholars, this is very different from the vernacular usage of the term "myth" that refers to a belief that is not true. Instead, the ...

and literature. In

Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt () was a cradle of civilization concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in Northeast Africa. It emerged from prehistoric Egypt around 3150BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology), when Upper and Lower E ...

, the God

Thoth Thoth (from , borrowed from , , the reflex of " eis like the ibis") is an ancient Egyptian deity. In art, he was often depicted as a man with the head of an African sacred ibis, ibis or a baboon, animals sacred to him. His feminine count ...

has a bird's head (the head of an

ibis The ibis () (collective plural ibises; classical plurals ibides and ibes) are a group of long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae that inhabit wetlands, forests and plains. "Ibis" derives from the Latin and Ancient Greek word f ...

). He is considered the 'heart and tongue' of Ra, and the means by which Ra's will is translated into speech. An

Augur An augur was a priest and official in the ancient Rome, classical Roman world. His main role was the practice of augury, the interpretation of the will of the List of Roman deities, gods by studying events he observed within a predetermined s ...

, or priest of

Ancient Rome In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman people, Roman civilisation from the founding of Rome, founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, collapse of the Western Roman Em ...

, was said to be able to interpret 'the will of the Gods' by reading the behaviour of birds. While Native Americans, renowned for their understanding of the natural world and their reverence for it, relied upon the

eagle Eagle is the common name for the golden eagle, bald eagle, and other birds of prey in the family of the Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of Genus, genera, some of which are closely related. True eagles comprise the genus ''Aquila ( ...

, to take their prayers to the Great Spirit. We need only remind ourselves of the recent devastation caused by

avian influenza Avian influenza, also known as avian flu or bird flu, is a disease caused by the influenza A virus, which primarily affects birds but can sometimes affect mammals including humans. Wild aquatic birds are the primary host of the influenza A viru ...

to gain an appreciation what is at stake in our relationship with these small garden birds. It is symptomatic of our relationship with the natural world itself. As

Mark Cocker Mark Cocker (born 1959) is a British author and naturalist. He lives with his wife, Mary Muir, and two daughters in Claxton, Norfolk. The countryside around Claxton is a theme for two of his twelve books. Cocker has written extensively for B ...

in his review of these pieces, writes:

It may seem absurd today. But perhaps we should reflect that in 1997 the Labour government offered a series of indices to measure the quality of life in this country. One of those yardsticks for the good life in Britain was bird populations. We are all now familiar how birds act as indicators for the quality of our environment. The
owl Owls are birds from the order Strigiformes (), which includes over 200 species of mostly solitary and nocturnal birds of prey typified by an upright stance, a large, broad head, binocular vision, binaural hearing, sharp talons, and feathers a ...
, whose cry pierces the darkness, or the
kestrel The term kestrel (from , derivative from , i.e. ratchet) is the common name given to several species of predatory birds from the falcon genus ''Falco''. Kestrels are most easily distinguished by their typical hunting behaviour which is to hover ...
which wrestles the wind to a standstill at the motorway verge, will only survive if the trees, the insects, the other animals, the flowers and the countryside itself are all present and correct.''A Little Bird told me so'', by Mark Cocker. Mark Cocker is the author of ''Birds Britannica'' and ''Crow Country: A Meditation on Birds, Landscape and Nature''

In ''An Exchange of Information'' the distinct nature of the materials used for the different parts of the sculpture, appears to underpin the distance between human beings and birds in modern life. The

birds used in these pieces are

mass-produced Mass production, also known as mass production, series production, series manufacture, or continuous production, is the production of substantial amounts of standardized products in a constant flow, including and especially on assembly lines. ...

and 'made in

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...

, while the glass head is hand-crafted by the artist himself. The bird and the man survey one another, raising questions not simply about ourselves and the natural world, but about the relationship between Art itself and these

Cultural artefact A cultural artifact, or cultural artefact (see American and British English spelling differences), is a term used in the social sciences, particularly anthropology, ethnology and sociology for anything created by humans which gives information ...

s. We live in close proximity with these small creatures, who find their way into our homes and shared spaces and yet the distance between us appears unbridgeable. The work speaks on many levels. These latest pieces suggest an affinity with the work of

William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, artist, writer, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditiona ...

and his understanding of the part that

methods of production Methods of production fall into three main categories: job (one-off production), batch (multiple items, one step at a time for all items), and flow. Job production Job production is used when a product is produced with the labor of one or few ...

play in the conditions in which we find ourselves. Besides the evident

surreal humour Surreal humour (also called surreal comedy, absurdist humour, or absurdist comedy) is a form of humour predicated on deliberate violations of causality, causal reasoning, thus producing events and behaviors that are obviously illogical. Portra ...

in these pieces, Reekie's work displays a sympathetic 'self mockery' and casts a sidelong, rather amused look back at itself. Like the artist himself, the pieces refer ironically to their own fragile existence in the modern world.

Gallery

Image:Fruit of the Sea VIII, David Reekie Feb 2008,72dpi 41hx14wx16d.jpg, ''Fruit of the Sea VIII'', Feb 2008. This piece is currently on show at the ''Myths and Legends'' exhibition, Contemporary Applied Arts, London.

Exhibitions

*2008 'Myths and Legends', Contemporary Applied Arts, St Percy St, London. *2008 Palm Beach3, US Thomas R Riley Galleries. Exchange of Information, Dan Klein Associates Co[]etc. V&A Museum, London *2007 Palm Beach3, US Thomas R Riley Galleries. Verriales 2007. Galerie Internationale Du Verre, Biot, France *2006 Palm Beach3 Contemporary, US. Thomas R Riley Galleries *2005 Talking to Strangers, One man show at Thomas R Riley galleries, Cleveland, Ohio *2005 21st Century British Glass, Danial Katz Gallier/ Dan Klein associates, DUAL VISION, The Simona and Jerome Chazen Collection, Museum of Arts & Design, New York, SOFA New York, Thomas R Riley Galleries, The Art of Craft, Medici Gallery, London. Glass Collectors Weekend, Wheaton Village, New Jersey, Verriales 2005. Galerie Internationale du Verre, Biot, France *2004 Palm Beach Contemporary, US. Thomas R Riley Galleries. The Human Condition. The Figure in British Art 1950–2002 Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery. British Glass Biennale *2003 ArtForm, Palm Beach, US, Thomas R Riley Galleries. The 31st Annual International Glass Invitational, Habatat Galleries, Michigan, US *2003 SOFA New York, New York City, Thomas R Riley Galleries *Verriales 2003. Galerie Internationale Du Verre, Biot, France. Glass Collectors Weekend, Wheaton Village, New Jersey, US, Thomas R Riley Galleries. *2003

SOFA Chicago Sculpture Objects Functional Art and Design (SOFA), originally known as Sculpture Objects Functional Art Exposition, was a series of art fairs held from 1994 to 2022 in Chicago (SOFA Chicago), and a smaller version in New York City (SOFA New York ...

, US, Thomas R Riley Galleries *2002 30th Annual International Glass Invitational, Habatat Galleries, Michigan US *2002 Palm Springs International Art Fair *2001 Cowdy Gallery, 31 Culver St, Newent, Gloucestershire *2001 Millennium Glass Commissions, Broadfield Glass Museum, West Midlands *2001 29th Annual International Invitational, Habatat Galleries, Michigan, US *2001 David Reekie: Sculptor in Glass, Humour, Politics and the Human Condition at the Rotunda Gallery, Norwich Castle, Norwich, Norfolk *2001 International Glass, Habatat Galleries, Millennium Museum, Beijing Shanghai Fine Arts Museum *2001 SOFA Chicago 2001, Navy Pier, Chicago, US *2001 4th Hsin-Chu International Glass Art Festival and Symposium, Hsin-Chu Municipal Glass Museum, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.1999 SOFA 99, New York City *2000 SOFA 2000 New York City *1999 Verriales 99, Galerie Internationale Du Verre, Biot, France *1999 New Glass Economy, Shanghai Public Library, People's Republic of China *1999 SOFA 99, Chicago, US *1998 SOFA 98, New York City *1998 Jerwood Prize for Glass Exhibition, Crafts Council, London *1998 SOFA 98, Chicago, US 1995 English Glass Art, Galerie Rob Van Den Doel, The Hague, Netherlands *1997 Hsinchu International Glass, Taiwan. 1990 British Glass, Williamson Museum, Liverpool *1996 William Morris Revisited, Questioning the Legacy, Whitworth Art Gallery, Manchester *1996 Verriales 96, Galerie Internationale Du Verre, Biot, France *1996 Venezia Aperto Vetro, Ducal Palace, Venice *1995 SOFA 95, Chicago, US *1995 David Reekie, One Man Show, Miller Gallery, New York City *1995 Breaking Point, Alden Biesen, Belgium *1994 World Glass Now 94, Hokkaido Museum of Modern Art, Sapporo, Japan *1994 New Kilnformed Glass: Heller Gallery, Palm Beach, US 1984 Verre Contemporain en Europe, Galerie Paskine de Gignoux, Strasbourg, France *1993 The Glass Show, Crafts Council Gallery, London, England *1992 David Reekie, Galerie Suzel Berna, Antibes & Paris, France *1991 Cast Glass Invitational, Habatat Galleries, Boca Raton, Florida, US *1991 David Reekie, Miller Gallery, New York *1991 International Glass Show, Marco Museo del Arte Contemporanio, Monterrey, Mexico & Museo Rufino Tamayo, Mexico *1991 La Verre, International Exhibition of Glass, Rouen, France *1990 18th International Glass Invitational, Habatat Galleries, Michigan, US *1989 Form, Construction and Glass, Contact Gallery, Norwich *1989 Masterworks of Contemporary Glass, Christies, New York *1989 New Art Forms, Chicago International Art Exposition, US *1988 International Exhibition of Glass Craft 88, Kanazawa, Japan *1988 British Contemporary Glass, Braggiotti Gallery, Rotterdam *1987 Stourbridge Glass 1854–1987, Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery *1987 Studio Glass Gallery of Great Britain, Montclair, New Jersey, US *1985 Studio Glass, British Crafts Centre, London 1987 Glass Art, Museum of Art, São Paulo, Brazil *1984 New Glasswork from Britain, Essener Glasgalerie, Essen, Germany *1984 Studio Glass since 1945, Royal Pavilion Art Gallery & Museum, Brighton *1983 British Glass Artists, Glass Art Gallery, Toronto, Canada *1983 David Reekie & Jim Roddis, Het Glashuis, Alkmaar, Netherlands *1981 New Glass, Victoria & New Albert Museum, London *1979 Glass Now, Portsmouth Museum and Art Gallery *1979 British Artists in Glass, Galerie SM, Frankfurt, Germany *1978 Six Modern Glassmakers, Dudley Art Gallery *1977 Glass Constructions, Usher Gallery, Lincoln *1977 British Artists in Glass, British Crafts Centre, London *1973 Glass & Ceramics, Dudley Art Gallery *1971 New Dimensions 71, Camden Arts Centre, London *1970 Manufactured Art, Camden Arts Centre, London

Work in Museums

;

Manchester City Art Gallery Manchester Art Gallery, formerly Manchester City Art Gallery, is a publicly owned art museum on Mosley Street in Manchester city centre, England. The main gallery premises were built for a learned society in 1823 and today its collection occupi ...

*''Small Cast Heads'' 1977 ;Portsmouth Museum & Art Gallery *''Construction No. 3'' 1978 ;Broadfield House Glass Museum, Kingswinford, West Midlands *''Construction with Guarding Figures'' 1978 *''Struggling Man'' 1984, *''A Human Oddity'' 2001 ;Usher Art Gallery, Lincoln *''Cast Glass Construction'' 1980 ;Pilkington Glass Museum, St Helens *''Strange Offering II'' 1986 *''Man With a Wheel'' 1990 ;

Glasmuseet Ebeltoft Glasmuseet Ebeltoft is a museum in Ebeltoft, Denmark. It is dedicated to the exhibition and collection of contemporary glass art worldwide and also offers public demonstrations and seminars to glass students in its glass-blowing studio. Establis ...

, Denmark *''Strange Offering IV'' 1987 ;

Norwich Castle Museum Norwich Castle is a medieval royal fortification in the city of Norwich, in the English county of Norfolk. William the Conqueror (1066–1087) ordered its construction in the aftermath of the Norman Conquest of England. The castle was used as a ...

, Contemporary Glass Collection *''Spring Return'' 1988 ;Liberty Museum, Philadelphia, US *''Which Way?'' 1990 ;

, Pittsburgh, US *''Greek Head III'' 1993 ;

Victoria & Albert Museum The Victoria and Albert Museum (abbreviated V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of applied arts, decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 2.8 million objects. It was founded in 1852 and named after Queen ...

, London Contemporary Glass Collection *''Greek Head V'' 199
''A Captive Audience'' 2000
; Birmingham City Art Gallery *''Living in Confined Spaces II'' 1998 ;Musee-Atelier du Verre de Sars Poteries, France *''Living in Confined Spaces III'' 1998 ;Tutsek Foundation, Munich, Germany *''Someone Else's Body II'' ;Shipley Art Gallery & Museum *''Sitting on the Fence II'' 2003

External links

Artist's WebsiteVictoria and Albert MuseumContemporary Glass SocietyRiley GalleriesDan Klein Associates

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Reekie, David English sculptors English male sculptors 1947 births Living people British glass artists