David Gushee
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David P. Gushee (born June 17, 1962,
Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main () is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Hesse. Its 773,068 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the List of cities in Germany by population, fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located in the forela ...
, West Germany) is a Christian ethicist, Baptist pastor, author, professor, and
public intellectual An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and Human self-reflection, reflection about the nature of reality, especially the nature of society and proposed solutions for its normative problems. Coming from the wor ...
. Growing up, Gushee attended and completed his college years at
College of William and Mary The College of William & Mary (abbreviated as W&M) is a public research university in Williamsburg, Virginia, United States. Founded in 1693 under a royal charter issued by King William III and Queen Mary II, it is the second-oldest instit ...
in 1984. After college, he received his Ph.D. in Christian ethics from
Union Theological Seminary Union Theological Seminary in the City of New York (shortened to UTS or Union) is a Private college, private ecumenical liberal Christian seminary in Morningside Heights, Manhattan, affiliated with Columbia University since 1928. Presently, Co ...
in 1993. Among the titles listed, Gushee has shown hard work and dedication in different parts of his job and was awarded for his achievements. Gushee is most known for his activism in
climate change Present-day climate change includes both global warming—the ongoing increase in Global surface temperature, global average temperature—and its wider effects on Earth's climate system. Climate variability and change, Climate change in ...
,
torture Torture is the deliberate infliction of severe pain or suffering on a person for reasons including corporal punishment, punishment, forced confession, extracting a confession, interrogational torture, interrogation for information, or intimid ...
,
LGBT LGBTQ people are individuals who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or questioning. Many variants of the initialism are used; LGBTQIA+ people incorporates intersex, asexual, aromantic, agender, and other individuals. The gro ...
inclusion, and
Post-evangelicalism Post-evangelicalism is a movement of former adherents of evangelicalism, sometimes linked with the emerging church phenomenon, but including a variety of people who have distanced themselves from mainstream evangelical Christianity for theologic ...
.


Work and membership

David P. Gushee is Distinguished University Professor of Christian Ethics and formerly the Director of the Center for Theology and Public Life at
Mercer University Mercer University is a Private university, private Research university, research university in Macon, Georgia, United States. Founded in 1833 as Mercer Institute and gaining university status in 1837, it is the oldest private university in the s ...
. He is also Chair of Christian Social Ethics at the Faculty of Religion and Theology at
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam The (abbreviated as ''VU Amsterdam'' or simply ''VU'' when in context) is a public university, public research university in Amsterdam, Netherlands, founded in 1880. The VU Amsterdam is one of two large, publicly funded research universities in ...
in cooperation with the International Baptist Theological Study Centre (IBTS Centre) in Amsterdam. He was formerly the Graves Professor of Moral Philosophy and the Senior Fellow of the Carl F. H. Henry Center for Christian Leadership at
Union University Union University is a private Baptist university in Jackson, Tennessee, with additional campuses in Germantown and Hendersonville. The university is affiliated with the Tennessee Baptist Convention (Southern Baptist Convention). It was estab ...
in Jackson, Tennessee. Gushee was elected in 2015 Vice President and 2018 Vice President of the
American Academy of Religion The American Academy of Religion (AAR) is the world's largest association of scholarly method, scholars in the List of academic disciplines, field of religious studies and related topics. It is a nonprofit member association, serving as a profess ...
. In January 2016 he was elected President-Elect of the Society of Christian Ethics. Gushee served as president of Evangelicals for Human Rights, an organization advocating for an end to torture, especially that sponsored by the United States government; this organization has since become th
New Evangelical Partnership for the Common Good
Gushee has also served on The Constitution Project's Detainee Treatment Task Force since December 2010. He helped draft the Evangelical Climate Initiative's ''Call to Action''. He served on the
Sojourners ''Sojourners'' is a progressive monthly magazine and daily online publication of the American Christian social justice organization Sojourners, which arose out of the Sojourners Community. It was first published in 1971 under the original ti ...
board of directors. Gushee is a columnist for Baptist News Global, and has written for
Religion News Service Religion News Service, branded as RNS, is a news agency founded in 1934. It covers religion, ethics, spirituality and moral issues, and publishes news, information, and commentaries on faiths and religious movements to newspapers, magazines, bro ...
, ''
Christianity Today ''Christianity Today'' is an evangelical Christian media magazine founded in 1956 by Billy Graham. It is published by Christianity Today International based in Carol Stream, Illinois. ''The Washington Post'' calls ''Christianity Today'' "eva ...
,''
The Washington Post ''The Washington Post'', locally known as ''The'' ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'' or ''WP'', is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital. It is the most widely circulated newspaper in the Washington m ...
, and
Sojourners ''Sojourners'' is a progressive monthly magazine and daily online publication of the American Christian social justice organization Sojourners, which arose out of the Sojourners Community. It was first published in 1971 under the original ti ...
.


Scholarship and recognition

Gushee is an internationally recognized Holocaust scholar and ethicist, based on his 1994 book ''Righteous Gentiles of the Holocaust''. He was appointed in 2008 by the
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) is the United States' official memorial to the Holocaust, dedicated to the documentation, study, and interpretation of the Holocaust. Opened in 1993, the museum explores the Holocaust through p ...
to serve as a member of the Church Relations and the Holocaust Committee. He taught a summer seminar for college faculty at the USHMM. Gushee's most important books include ''Kingdom Ethics'' (with Glen Stassen, 2003), ''The Sacredness of Human Life'' (2013), and ''Changing Our Mind'' (2014). ''Kingdom Ethics'' was ''Christianity Today's'' Theology/Ethics Book of the Year for 2004, and has been translated into eight languages. A second edition was released in 2016. Gushee is the author of well over one hundred scholarly articles, chapters and reviews and has written or edited twenty books. Gushee was
ordained Ordination is the process by which individuals are Consecration in Christianity, consecrated, that is, set apart and elevated from the laity class to the clergy, who are thus then authorized (usually by the religious denomination, denominationa ...
to the Gospel Ministry at Walnut Hills Baptist Church in
Williamsburg, Virginia Williamsburg is an Independent city (United States), independent city in Virginia, United States. It had a population of 15,425 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. Located on the Virginia Peninsula, Williamsburg is in the northern par ...
in 1987. He has received the Evangelical Press Association's Christian Journalism Award for 1991, 1992 and 1997, recognition of excellence in opinion writing. Gushee was granted an honorary
Doctor of Divinity A Doctor of Divinity (DD or DDiv; ) is the holder of an advanced academic degree in divinity (academic discipline), divinity (i.e., Christian theology and Christian ministry, ministry or other theologies. The term is more common in the Englis ...
(D.D.) degree in May 2009 by the
John Leland Center for Theological Studies __NOTOC__ The John Leland Center for Theological Studies, known as Leland Seminary, is an American nondenominational theological institute in the Baptist tradition based in Arlington County, Virginia, with several satellite locations elsewhere in ...
.


Education

Gushee received his Ph.D. in Christian ethics from
Union Theological Seminary Union Theological Seminary in the City of New York (shortened to UTS or Union) is a Private college, private ecumenical liberal Christian seminary in Morningside Heights, Manhattan, affiliated with Columbia University since 1928. Presently, Co ...
in 1993, having earned his M.Phil. from Union Theological Seminary in 1990. Gushee earned his M.Div. from
Southern Baptist Theological Seminary The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary (SBTS) is a Baptist theological institute in Louisville, Kentucky. The seminary was founded in 1859 in Greenville, South Carolina, where it was at first housed on the campus of Furman University. The s ...
in 1987. He graduated
Phi Beta Kappa The Phi Beta Kappa Society () is the oldest academic honor society in the United States. It was founded in 1776 at the College of William & Mary in Virginia. Phi Beta Kappa aims to promote and advocate excellence in the liberal arts and sciences, ...
with a
B.A. A Bachelor of Arts (abbreviated B.A., BA, A.B. or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is the holder of a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the liberal arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree ...
from the
College of William and Mary The College of William & Mary (abbreviated as W&M) is a public research university in Williamsburg, Virginia, United States. Founded in 1693 under a royal charter issued by King William III and Queen Mary II, it is the second-oldest instit ...
in 1984.


Notable works


''Evangelical Ethics'' (2015)

Gushee argues that
Evangelicalism Evangelicalism (), also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide, interdenominational movement within Protestantism, Protestant Christianity that emphasizes evangelism, or the preaching and spreading of th ...
is a difficult concept to define due to the variety of associated meanings. Some academics have proposed that we abandon the term entirely due to its link with a restricted political goal. Some evangelicals have opted to dissociate themselves from evangelicalism, using names such as "
Post-evangelicalism Post-evangelicalism is a movement of former adherents of evangelicalism, sometimes linked with the emerging church phenomenon, but including a variety of people who have distanced themselves from mainstream evangelical Christianity for theologic ...
" to define themselves. Many scholars have approached the study of evangelicalism through a sociological lens and then disagreed about who counts as an evangelical. The book explores the different roles performed by scholars in shaping evangelicals' understandings of
Christian ethics Christian ethics, also known as moral theology, is a multi-faceted ethical system. It is a Virtue ethics, virtue ethic, which focuses on building moral character, and a Deontological ethics, deontological ethic which emphasizes duty according ...
.


''After Evangelicalism'' (2020)

In ''After Evangelicalism'', Gushee says the book is for individuals who used to be "evangelicals" but are now post-evangelicals or ex-evangelicals. He states that he is post-evangelical. The overall concern is that evangelicalism's recent declines are part of a declining
Christianity Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion, which states that Jesus in Christianity, Jesus is the Son of God (Christianity), Son of God and Resurrection of Jesus, rose from the dead after his Crucifixion of Jesus, crucifixion, whose ...
in the US, with
Millennials Millennials, also known as Generation Y or Gen Y, are the demographic cohort following Generation X and preceding Generation Z. Researchers and popular media use the early 1980s as starting birth years and the mid-1990s to early 2000s a ...
being the least religiously affiliated group ever polled.
Generation Z Generation Z (often shortened to Gen Z), also known as zoomers, is the demographic cohort succeeding Millennials and preceding Generation Alpha. Researchers and popular media use the mid-to-late 1990s as starting birth years and the early 2 ...
may be even less interested in
religion Religion is a range of social system, social-cultural systems, including designated religious behaviour, behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, religious text, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics in religion, ethics, or ...
. Young people are abandoning their churches, families, and friends. Some abandon
Evangelical theology Evangelical theology is the teaching and doctrine that relates to spiritual matters in evangelical Christianity and a Christian theology. The main points concern the place of the Bible, the Trinity, worship, salvation, sanctification, charity, evan ...
, while others abandon
God In monotheistic belief systems, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator, and principal object of faith. In polytheistic belief systems, a god is "a spirit or being believed to have created, or for controlling some part of the un ...
,
Jesus Jesus (AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament, other names and titles, was a 1st-century Jewish preacher and religious leader. He is the Jesus in Chris ...
,
the Bible The Bible is a collection of religious texts that are central to Christianity and Judaism, and esteemed in other Abrahamic religions such as Islam. The Bible is an anthology (a compilation of texts of a variety of forms) originally writte ...
,
Holy Spirit The Holy Spirit, otherwise known as the Holy Ghost, is a concept within the Abrahamic religions. In Judaism, the Holy Spirit is understood as the divine quality or force of God manifesting in the world, particularly in acts of prophecy, creati ...
, and Christianity as a whole. The evidence suggests that there is much more going on. Gushee writes this book about evangelical exiles' trauma, and freedom of belief. His book has three sections: "Authorities: Listening and Learning", "Theology: Believing and Belonging", and "Ethics: Being and Behaving." In all three sections, his proposals for post-evangelicalism are discussed, and he provides key takeaways after finishing each section. Gushee explains his transformation from evangelical to post-evangelicalism and gives advice to those evangelicals who are stuck. Discussing what went wrong with the white evangelicals and the history. Introducing a new way for Christian thinking and believing in God today. Assisting those post-evangelicals find their way and know how to have a relationship with God in their life. Showing how to live a healthy
Post-evangelicalism Post-evangelicalism is a movement of former adherents of evangelicalism, sometimes linked with the emerging church phenomenon, but including a variety of people who have distanced themselves from mainstream evangelical Christianity for theologic ...
life by disconnecting from how evangelical Christianity used to be.


LGBT and activism

In Gushee's book ''Changing Our Mind'', he narrates his journey from a traditionalist to a passionate advocate for
LGBT LGBTQ people are individuals who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or questioning. Many variants of the initialism are used; LGBTQIA+ people incorporates intersex, asexual, aromantic, agender, and other individuals. The gro ...
Christians in the church and society, using an evangelical ethical framework to redefine the issue from
sexual ethics Sexual ethics (also known as sex ethics or sexual morality) is a branch of philosophy that considers the ethics or morality of Human sexual behaviour, sexual behavior. Sexual ethics seeks to understand, evaluate and critique interpersonal relatio ...
to human dignity. Until the late 20th century, Christians by and large held to traditionalist views on LGBT issues, rooted in a reading of six to seven biblical passages that speak negatively of
homosexuality Homosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction, or Human sexual activity, sexual behavior between people of the same sex or gender. As a sexual orientation, homosexuality is "an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexu ...
and affirm a
heterosexual Heterosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction, or sexual behavior between people of the opposite sex or gender. As a sexual orientation, heterosexuality is "an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions ...
norm. Gushee is against this and stands in
solidarity Solidarity or solidarism is an awareness of shared interests, objectives, standards, and sympathies creating a psychological sense of unity of groups or classes. True solidarity means moving beyond individual identities and single issue politics ...
with the LGBT community. In an interview with Christians for Social Action, Gushee states his reasoning for supporting the LGBT community and sees the harm that the church's traditionalist views and practices have caused harm on so many young people and families. Gushee believes the
Holy Spirit The Holy Spirit, otherwise known as the Holy Ghost, is a concept within the Abrahamic religions. In Judaism, the Holy Spirit is understood as the divine quality or force of God manifesting in the world, particularly in acts of prophecy, creati ...
sent Christian brothers and sisters who are
gay ''Gay'' is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual. The term originally meant 'carefree', 'cheerful', or 'bright and showy'. While scant usage referring to male homosexuality dates to the late ...
and
lesbian A lesbian is a homosexual woman or girl. The word is also used for women in relation to their sexual identity or sexual behavior, regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate nouns with female homosexu ...
to him which became an important part of his local church. His sister is one of the LGBT Christians, and she struggles to figure out her
sexuality Human sexuality is the way people experience and express themselves sexually. This involves biological, psychological, physical, erotic, emotional, social, or spiritual feelings and behaviors. Because it is a broad term, which has varied ...
in a church that is not inclusive of them. Therefore, this makes it a more personal situation. The church is a community, and Gushee believes that LGBT Christians should be "invited into that sexual ethic rather than being excluded from it." As a pastor, he has been contacted by young people and families reaching out for help due to this problem. There are so many that are still suffering, and he sees it as a big change that needs to happen because we need to "love our own LGBT children and care for the hurting and the broken." Despite what other Christian ethicists might say about him or what views they have, his commitment and moral obligation to making churches feel safe for LGBT families is important to him. As all Christians are taught to love God and to love our neighbors as ourselves.


Controversy

As a Christian ethicist, Gushee has periodically been outspoken about current controversial societal topics. His positions on such issues as
climate change Present-day climate change includes both global warming—the ongoing increase in Global surface temperature, global average temperature—and its wider effects on Earth's climate system. Climate variability and change, Climate change in ...
, torture, and
LGBT LGBTQ people are individuals who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or questioning. Many variants of the initialism are used; LGBTQIA+ people incorporates intersex, asexual, aromantic, agender, and other individuals. The gro ...
rights have often put him into conflict with his traditional evangelical constituency. For example, In 2015, Russell Moore, also a well-known Evangelical ethicist, implied that Gushee was not a true Evangelical because of his change of belief supporting LGBT civil rights. Gushee describes himself as "post evangelical” and attends both Catholic Mass and Baptist services.


Books

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References


External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Gushee, David Living people Christian ethicists German historians of the Holocaust College of William & Mary alumni Southern Baptist Theological Seminary alumni Union Theological Seminary alumni Constitution Project 1962 births