Dansranbilegiin Dogsom (; 1884 – July 27, 1941) was a prominent

Mongolia Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south and southeast. It covers an area of , with a population of 3.5 million, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by po ...

n revolutionary leader and post-Revolution

political figure A politician is a person who participates in policy-making processes, usually holding an elective position in government. Politicians represent the people, make decisions, and influence the formulation of public policy. The roles or duties tha ...

Mongolian People's Republic The Mongolian People's Republic (MPR) was a socialist state that existed from 1924 to 1992, located in the historical region of Outer Mongolia. Its independence was officially recognized by the Nationalist government of Republic of China (1912� ...

. He served as Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural (titular head of state) of the

from 1936 until he was purged in 1939.

Early life and career

Dogsom was born in 1884 in present-day Bayan-Ovoo district of Khentii Province. Literate at an early age, he first worked as a scribe in his district and provincial assemblies, and then at the ministry of finance during the Bogd Khaanate. In 1915 he participated as a scribe in negotiations that led to the

Treaty of Kyakhta The Treaty of Kyakhta (or Kiakhta), along with the Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689), regulated the relations between Imperial Russia and the Qing Empire of China until the mid-19th century. It was signed by Tulišen and Count Sava Lukich Raguzinskii- ...

Outer Mongolian revolution of 1921

In 1919 Dogsom joined the revolutionary resistance group Züün Khüree (East Khüree), which counted

Soliin Danzan Soliin Danzan (; 1885–1924)Batbayar, Ts. (1996). ''Modern Mongolia: A Concise History.'' Offset Printing, Mongolian Center for Scientific and Technological Information was a central figure in Mongolia's early revolutionary movement. He was a ...

and

Damdin Sükhbaatar Damdin Sükhbaatar (2 February 1893 – 20 February 1923) was a Mongolian revolutionary, founding member of the Mongolian People's Party, and leader of the Mongolian partisan army that took Khüree during the Mongolian Revolution of 19 ...

among its members. On June 25, 1920, Züün Khüree merged with the Konsulyn Denj group (

Dambyn Chagdarjav Dambyn Chagdarjav ( Mongolian: Дамбын Чагдаржав; ; 1880 – August 31, 1922) was a Mongolian revolutionary and one of the “first seven” founders of the Mongolian People's Party (MPP) in 1920. He was named prime minister of Mon ...

Darizavyn Losol Darizavyn Losol (; April 15, 1890 – July 25, 1940) was a revolutionary leader and post-Revolution governmental figure in Mongolia until he was purged in 1939. Early life Losol (or "Darizhavyn" or "Darijavyn") was born into a herdsman's family ...

Khorloogiin Choibalsan Khorloogiin Choibalsan (8 February 1895 – 26 January 1952) was a Mongolian politician who served as the leader of the Mongolian People's Republic as the Prime Minister of Mongolia, chairman of the Council of Ministers (premier) from 1939 unt ...

, and

Dogsomyn Bodoo Dogsomyn Bodoo (1885–1922) was a prominent early 20th century Mongolian politician who was one of the founding members of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. He was elected leader of the provisional revolutionary government and follow ...

) to become the Mongolian People’s Party (MPP), later renamed the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) in 1924. He was one of seven original revolutionaries, "the first seven", to travel to the

Soviet Russia The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and the Russian Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the labo ...

in 1920 to establish first contacts with the Bolsheviks and seek assistance with their revolutionary struggle. In advance of the revolution, Dogsom and Bodoo returned to Khüree, where they worked to enlarge the party's membership and form an army. After the

Outer Mongolian Revolution of 1921 The Mongolian Revolution of 1921 was a military and political event by which Mongolian revolutionaries, with the assistance of the Soviet Red Army, expelled Russian White Guards from the country, and founded the Mongolian People's Republic in 1 ...

Dogsom held a series of positions within the revolutionary government including in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of War, the MPP Central Committee, and the Economic Council. He was a counselor in the border districts of

Khovd Province Khovd (; ), alternatively romanized as Khobhd, is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia, located in the west of the country. Its capital is also named Khovd. Khovd province is approximately 1,580 km from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia's cap ...

(1924-1926), First Secretary at the Mongolian Embassy in

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

(1926-1927), again counselor at Altanbulag (1928-1929), Director of the Revolutionary Museum and Mayor of

Ulaanbaatar Ulaanbaatar is the Capital (political), capital and List of cities in Mongolia, most populous city of Mongolia. It has a population of 1.6 million, and it is the coldest capital city in the world by average yearly temperature. The municipa ...

from 1930 to 1932, and then Mongolia's representative to

Tuvan People's Republic The Tuvan People's Republic (TPR), known simply as Tannu Tuva, was a partially recognized socialist republic that existed between 1921 and 1944 in North Asia. It was located in the same territory as the former Imperial Russian protectorate of ...

from 1933 to 1934. In February–March 1936, Dogsom was elected to the Presidium (or Politburo) of the MPRP Central Committee and concurrently as Chairman of the Little Khural, making him titular head of state.

Purge

Shortly after becoming chairman of the Presidium of the Little Khural in 1936, Dogsom and Prime Minister

Anandyn Amar Anandyn Amar (; 1886 – July 10, 1941) was the head of state of the Mongolian People's Republic from 1932 to 1936 and twice served as List of Prime Ministers of Mongolia, prime minister from 1928–1930 and again from 1936–1939. A widely resp ...

aggravated Interior Minister Choibalsan and Moscow alike when they pardoned prisoners implicated in the Lkhümbe spy ring case in honor of the fifteenth anniversary of the

revolution In political science, a revolution (, 'a turn around') is a rapid, fundamental transformation of a society's class, state, ethnic or religious structures. According to sociologist Jack Goldstone, all revolutions contain "a common set of elements ...

. Dogsom's enemies, particularly Choibalsan, used the event to connect him to the fictitious spy ring and accuse him of being in league with Japanese imperialists. In July 1939 as the

Stalinist repressions in Mongolia The Stalinist repressions in Mongolia () was an 18-month period of heightened political violence and persecution in the Mongolian People's Republic between 1937 and 1939. The repressions were an extension of the Stalinist purges (also known as ...

drew to a close,

Choibalsan Choibalsan () may refer to: *Khorloogiin Choibalsan, a former communist leader in Mongolia *Choibalsan (city), a city in eastern Mongolia *Choibalsan Airport Choibalsan Airport (, ) is a public airport located in Choibalsan, the capital of D ...

arranged the arrest of Dogsom and

on charges of counterrevolution. Besides Choibalsan himself, the two were the last remaining members of the original "First Seven" founders of the MPP. He was sent to Moscow and tried on July 8, 1941, under Soviet authorities. He was executed on July 27 of the same year. Dogsom was posthumously rehabilitated and reinstated as a party member according to a proclamation of the Rehabilitation Commission made on January 25, 1967.

Notes

References

Biography and Sources

Biography on the Official Website of the Mayor of Ulaanbaatar
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dogsom, Dansrabilegiin 1884 births 1941 deaths Chairmen of the State Great Khural Mongolian People's Party politicians Mongolian communists Heads of state of Mongolia Ambassadors of Mongolia Communism in Mongolia Great Purge victims from Mongolia Mongolian people executed abroad Soviet rehabilitations People from Khentii Province Mongolian revolutionaries Executed communists Executed revolutionaries