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Daniel Singer Bricklin (born July 16, 1951) is an American businessman and engineer who is the co-creator, with Bob Frankston, of VisiCalc, the first
spreadsheet A spreadsheet is a computer application for computation, organization, analysis and storage of data in tabular form. Spreadsheets were developed as computerized analogs of paper accounting worksheets. The program operates on data entered in c ...
program. He also founded Software Garden, Inc., of which he is currently president, and Trellix, which he left in 2004.Daniel Bricklin Bio
CS Dept. NSF-Supported Education Infrastructure Project. Accessed January 3, 2011.
He currently serves as the chief technology officer of Alpha Software. His book, ''Bricklin on Technology'', was published by Wiley in May 2009. For his work with VisiCalc, Bricklin is often referred to as " the father of the Spreadsheet". He was one of six people spotlighted when the Computer was denoted "Machine of the Year" by ''
Time Time is the continuous progression of existence that occurs in an apparently irreversible process, irreversible succession from the past, through the present, and into the future. It is a component quantity of various measurements used to sequ ...
'' magazine in 1982.


Early life and education

Bricklin was born in
Philadelphia Philadelphia ( ), colloquially referred to as Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the List of United States cities by population, sixth-most populous city in the Unit ...
, where he attended Akiba Hebrew Academy. He began his college as a
mathematics Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, Mathematical theory, theories and theorems that are developed and Mathematical proof, proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many ar ...
major, but soon switched to computer science. He earned a
Bachelor of Science A Bachelor of Science (BS, BSc, B.S., B.Sc., SB, or ScB; from the Latin ') is a bachelor's degree that is awarded for programs that generally last three to five years. The first university to admit a student to the degree of Bachelor of Scienc ...
in
electrical engineering Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems that use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the l ...
and
computer science Computer science is the study of computation, information, and automation. Computer science spans Theoretical computer science, theoretical disciplines (such as algorithms, theory of computation, and information theory) to Applied science, ...
from the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a Private university, private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Established in 1861, MIT has played a significant role in the development of many areas of moder ...
in 1973, where he was a resident of Bexley Hall.Dan Bricklin Co-creator of VisiCalc, and Founder of Software Garden, Inc.
. TechStars. Accessed Jan 3 2011.
Upon graduating from MIT, Bricklin worked for Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) where he was part of the team that worked on WPS-8 until 1976, when he began working for FasFax, a cash register manufacturer. In 1977, he returned to education, and was awarded a
Master of Business Administration A Master of Business Administration (MBA) is a professional degree focused on business administration. The core courses in an MBA program cover various areas of business administration; elective courses may allow further study in a particular ...
from
Harvard University Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan clergyma ...
in 1979. While a student at Harvard Business School, Bricklin co-developed VisiCalc in 1979, making it the first electronic spreadsheet readily available for home and office use. It ran on an
Apple II Apple II ("apple Roman numerals, two", stylized as Apple ][) is a series of microcomputers manufactured by Apple Computer, Inc. from 1977 to 1993. The Apple II (original), original Apple II model, which gave the series its name, was designed ...
computer, and was considered a fourth generation software program. VisiCalc is widely credited for fueling the rapid growth of the personal computer industry. Instead of doing financial projections with manually calculated spreadsheets, and having to recalculate with every single cell in the sheet, VisiCalc allowed the user to change any cell, and have the entire sheet automatically recalculated. This could turn 20 hours of work into 15 minutes and allowed for more creativity.The First Spreadsheet - VisiCalc
About.com: Inventors. Accessed January 3, 2011.


Career


Software Arts

In 1979, Bricklin and Frankston founded Software Arts, Inc., and began selling VisiCalc, via a separate company named VisiCorp. Along with Frankston, Bricklin started writing versions of the program for the Tandy TRS-80, Commodore PET and the Atari 800. Soon after its launch, VisiCalc became a fast seller at $100. Software Arts also published TK/Solver and Spotlight, a desktop organizer for the IBM Personal Computer." Bricklin was awarded the Grace Murray Hopper Award in 1981 for VisiCalc. Bricklin could not patent VisiCalc, since software inventions were not eligible for patent protection at the time. Bricklin was chairman of Software Arts until 1985, the year that Software Arts was acquired by Lotus. He left and founded Software Garden.


Software Garden

Dan Bricklin founded Software Garden, a small consulting firm and developer of software applications, in 1985. The company's focus was to produce and market “Dan Bricklin's Demo Program”. The program allowed users to create demonstrations of their programs before they were even written, and was also used to create tutorials for Windows-based programs. Other versions released soon after included demo-it! He remained the president of the company until he co-founded Slate Corporation in 1990. In 1992, he became the vice president of Phoenix-based Slate corporation, and developed ''At Hand'', a pen-based spreadsheet. When Slate closed in 1994, Bricklin returned to Software Garden. His "''Dan Bricklin's Overall Viewer''" (described by ''The New York Times'' as "a visual way to display information in Windows-based software") was released in November 1994.


Corporation

In 1995 Bricklin founded Trellix Corporation, named for ''Trellix Site Builder''. Trellix was bought by Interland (now Web.com) in 2003, and Bricklin became Interland's chief technology officer until early 2004.


Current work

Bricklin continues to serve as president of Software Garden, a small company that develops and markets software tools he creates, as well as providing speaking and consulting services. He has release
Note Taker HD
an application that integrates handwritten notes on the Apple iPad tablet. He is also developing wikiCalc, a collaborative, basic spreadsheet running on the Web. He is currently the chief technology officer of Alpha Software in Burlington, Massachusetts, a company that creates tools to easily develop cross-platform mobile business applications.


Affiliations

In 1994, Bricklin was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery. He is a founding trustee of the Massachusetts Technology Leadership Council and has served on the boards of the Software Publishers Association and the Boston Computer Society. He was elected a member of the
National Academy of Engineering The National Academy of Engineering (NAE) is an American Nonprofit organization, nonprofit, NGO, non-governmental organization. It is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM), along with the National Academ ...
in 2003 for the invention and creation of the electronic spreadsheet.


Awards

In 1981, Bricklin was given a Grace Murray Hopper Award for VisiCalc. In 1996, Bricklin was awarded by the IEEE Computer Society with the Computer Entrepreneur Award for pioneering the development and commercialization of the spreadsheet and the profound changes it fostered in business and industry.Past Recipients
.
IEEE Computer Society IEEE Computer Society (commonly known as the Computer Society or CS) is a technical society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) dedicated to computing, namely the major areas of hardware, software, standards and people ...
. Accessed January 3, 2011.
In 2003, Bricklin was given the Wharton Infosys Business Transformation Award for being a technology change leader. He was recognized for having used information technology in an industry-transforming way. He has received an Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from Newbury College. He also became a member of the
National Academy of Engineering The National Academy of Engineering (NAE) is an American Nonprofit organization, nonprofit, NGO, non-governmental organization. It is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM), along with the National Academ ...
. In 2004, he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum "for advancing the utility of personal computers by developing the VisiCalc electronic spreadsheet." Bricklin: * appeared in the 1996 documentary '' Triumph of the Nerds'', as well as the 2005 documentary '' Aardvark'd: 12 Weeks with Geeks'', in both cases discussing the development of VisiCalc. * introduced the term " friend-to-friend networking" on August 11, 2000. * also introduced the term cornucopia of the commons about the same time.


References


External links


Dan Bricklin interview on lowendmac.com

Bricklin.com
*

from Dan Bricklin's weblog on November 9, 2005, introducing wikiCalc
This page has a link to Dan's interview conducted by Robert Cringely



TED Talk
– "Dan Bricklin: Meet the inventor of the electronic spreadsheet"
TEDx Talk
– "A Problem That Changed The World , Dan Bricklin , TEDxBeaconStreet" {{DEFAULTSORT:Bricklin, Dan 1951 births Living people 20th-century American Jews American electrical engineers American computer businesspeople American computer programmers Businesspeople from Philadelphia Grace Murray Hopper Award laureates 1994 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery Harvard Business School alumni MIT School of Engineering alumni Jack M. Barrack Hebrew Academy alumni Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering American chief technology officers Engineers from Pennsylvania 21st-century American Jews