Dahlem ( or ) is a locality of the

Steglitz-Zehlendorf Steglitz-Zehlendorf () is the sixth Boroughs of Berlin, borough of Berlin, formed in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Steglitz and Zehlendorf, Berlin, Zehlendorf. Home to the Free University of Berlin, the Be ...

borough in southwestern

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

. Until Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it was a part of the former borough of Zehlendorf. It is located between the mansion settlements of Grunewald and Lichterfelde West. Dahlem is one of the most affluent parts of the city and a center for academic research. It is home to the Freie Universität Berlin, with its architecturally significant Philological Library ''("The Brain")''. Several other research institutions and museums, as well as parts of the Grunewald forest with its

renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) is a Periodization, period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and was characterized by an effort to revive and sur ...

hunting lodge, are located in Dahlem. The U3 line of the

Berlin U-Bahn The Berlin U-Bahn (; short for , "underground railway") is a rapid transit system in Berlin, the capital and largest city of Germany, and a major part of the city's public transport system. Together with the Berlin S-Bahn, S-Bahn, a network of ...

system connects Dahlem to central Berlin.

History

The first written account of Dahlem dates to the year 1275. The history of the village is connected to the Dahlem

Demesne A demesne ( ) or domain was all the land retained and managed by a lord of the manor under the feudal system for his own use, occupation, or support. This distinguished it from land subinfeudation, sub-enfeoffed by him to others as sub-tenants. ...

(''Domäne Dahlem'') first mentioned in 1450. Its estates were sold to the state of

Prussia Prussia (; ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsija'') was a Germans, German state centred on the North European Plain that originated from the 1525 secularization of the Prussia (region), Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order. For centuries, ...

in 1841 and developed by dividing it into lots for building

villa A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house that provided an escape from urban life. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the f ...

s and

mansion A mansion is a large dwelling house. The word itself derives through Old French from the Latin word ''mansio'' "dwelling", an abstract noun derived from the verb ''manere'' "to dwell". The English word ''manse'' originally defined a property l ...

s, similar to the development of the older mansion settlements of Lichterfelde West and Grunewald. The Demesne buildings today house a working farm and an

agricultural Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created f ...

open-air

museum A museum is an institution dedicated to displaying or Preservation (library and archive), preserving culturally or scientifically significant objects. Many museums have exhibitions of these objects on public display, and some have private colle ...

. In 1920 the village was amalgamated into Greater Berlin. From 1931 on Martin Niemöller, a leader of the Confessing Church, was

pastor A pastor (abbreviated to "Ps","Pr", "Pstr.", "Ptr." or "Psa" (both singular), or "Ps" (plural)) is the leader of a Christianity, Christian congregation who also gives advice and counsel to people from the community or congregation. In Lutherani ...

of the United Protestant ''Sankt-Annen-Kirche'' until he was arrested by the

Nazi Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During H ...

s in 1937. During the

Cold War The Cold War was a period of global Geopolitics, geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) and their respective allies, the capitalist Western Bloc and communist Eastern Bloc, which lasted from 1947 unt ...

Dahlem belonged to the American Sector of

West Berlin West Berlin ( or , ) was a political enclave which comprised the western part of Berlin from 1948 until 1990, during the Cold War. Although West Berlin lacked any sovereignty and was under military occupation until German reunification in 1 ...

. From 1945 to 1991 the seat of the Allied Kommandatura of Berlin was in Dahlem on ''Kaiserswerther Straße''. Today it serves as the office for the president of the local university. Until 1994, the headquarters of the United States Army Berlin command and the Berlin Brigade were located on ''Clayallee'' street. Parts of the building are still used by the Embassy of the United States in Berlin. The former library and ''Outpost'' theater across the street today house the Allied Museum. Because many of Berlin's artistic, cultural, and educational institutions were located in the city's historical center in the former eastern part of Berlin, West Berlin authorities established many duplicates in Dahlem - above all the Freie Universität Berlin (" Free University Berlin") in 1948, which was established by students and scholars as an antipole to the increasingly communist " Universität Unter den Linden". The newly founded university should uphold the traditional values of

academic freedom Academic freedom is the right of a teacher to instruct and the right of a student to learn in an academic setting unhampered by outside interference. It may also include the right of academics to engage in social and political criticism. Academic ...

and the educational ideal proposed by Wilhelm von Humboldt. Rudi Dutschke, spokesman of the German student movement in the 1960s, is buried at the

cemetery A cemetery, burial ground, gravesite, graveyard, or a green space called a memorial park or memorial garden, is a place where the remains of many death, dead people are burial, buried or otherwise entombed. The word ''cemetery'' (from Greek ...

of the ''Sankt-Annen-Kirche''.

Institutions

* Freie Universität Berlin ''(Free University of Berlin, known as FU Berlin)'' * Julius Kühn-Institut ''(Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants)'' * Prussian Privy State Archives of the

Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation The Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation (; SPK) is a German federal government body that oversees 27 museums and cultural organizations in and around Berlin, Germany. Its purview includes all of Berlin's State Museums, the Berlin State Librar ...

* German Archaeological Institute * Institute for Museum Research * Zuse Institute Berlin *Several branches of the Max Planck Institute ''(former Kaiser Wilhelm Institute)'': **The Max Planck Institute Archives **The Fritz Haber Institute **The Max Planck Institute for Human Development **The Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics **The Max Planck Institute for the History of Science

Main sights

*The Allied Museum of the American, British and French forces in West Berlin *The Brücke Museum * Museum of European Cultures * Dahlem Manor *Jesus-Christus church, where most of the legendary Berlin Philharmonic recordings were made from the 1950s through the 1980s owing to its fine acoustics * Jagdschloss Grunewald, a

hunting lodge built in 1543

Transportation

Dahlem is served by the U3 line on the

system. As in the neighboring Wilmersdorf, the historic metro stations are a special feature of the district. Stations in Dahlem include Breitenbachplatz, Podbielskiallee, Dahlem-Dorf, Thielplatz and Oskar-Helene-Heim. File:UBahnhf Breitenbachpl.JPG, Breitenbachplatz station File:U-Bahnhof Podbielskiallee, Entry.jpg, Podbielskiallee station File:Berlin U Dahlem Dorf.jpg, Dahlem Dorf station File:U-Bahn Berlin U3 Thielplatz.jpg, Freie Universität ("Free University") Thielplatz station File:U-Oskar-Helene-Heim (Oskar Helene Heim Tube Station) - geo.hlipp.de - 35968.jpg, Oskar-Helene-Heim station

Personalities

* Brigitte Horney * Karl-Eduard von Schnitzler * Wolf Jobst Siedler * Max Schmeling

History

Institutions

Main sights

Transportation

Personalities

See also

References

Literature

External links