DOT1-like (Disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like),
histone
In biology, histones are highly basic proteins abundant in lysine and arginine residues that are found in eukaryotic cell nuclei and in most Archaeal phyla. They act as spools around which DNA winds to create structural units called nucleosomes ...
H3K79
methyltransferase
Methyltransferases are a large group of enzymes that all methylate their substrates but can be split into several subclasses based on their structural features. The most common class of methyltransferases is class I, all of which contain a Ro ...
(''S. cerevisiae''), also known as DOT1L, is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
found in humans, as well as other eukaryotes.
DOT1L has been reported to play an important role in the processes of
mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-rearranged leukemias.
DOT1L also plays a role in
spermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid spermatozoa develop from germ cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testicle. This process starts with the Mitosis, mitotic division of the stem cells located close to the basement membrane of ...
, where it acts as a transcriptional activator for genes responsible for the histone-to-protamine transition.
Small molecule inhibitors of Dot1L catalytic activity have been developed.
All three forms of H3K79 methylation (H3K79me1;
H3K79me2
H3K79me2 is an epigenetic modification to the DNA packaging protein Histone H3. It is a mark that indicates the di-methylation at the 79th lysine residue of the histone H3 protein. H3K79me2 is detected in the transcribed regions of active genes.
...
; H3K79me3) are catalyzed by DOT1 in yeast or DOT1L in mammals. H3K79 methylation participates in the DNA damage response and has multiple roles in nucleotide excision repair and sister chromatid recombinational repair.
References
Further reading
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