DOCK (
Dedicator
of
cyto
kinesis) is a family of related
proteins
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, re ...
involved in
intracellular
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms. It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions ...
signalling
A signal is both the process and the result of transmission of data over some media accomplished by embedding some variation. Signals are important in multiple subject fields including signal processing, information theory and biology.
In ...
networks.
DOCK family members contain a
RhoGEF domain to function as
guanine nucleotide exchange factors to promote
GDP release and
GTP binding to specific
Small GTPases of the
Rho family (e.g.,
Rac and
Cdc42
Cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42 or CDC42) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CDC42'' gene. Cdc42 is involved in regulation of the cell cycle. It was originally identified in ''S. cerevisiae'' (yeast) as a mediator of ...
), leading to their activation since Rho proteins are inactive when bound to GDP but active when bound to GTP.
Subfamilies
DOCK family proteins are categorised into four subfamilies based on their
sequence homology
Sequence homology is the homology (biology), biological homology between DNA sequence, DNA, RNA sequence, RNA, or Protein primary structure, protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the evolutionary history of life. Two segments ...
:
*DOCK-A subfamily
**
Dock180 (also known as Dock1)
**
Dock2
**
Dock5
*DOCK-B subfamily
**
Dock3 (also known as MOCA and PBP)
**
Dock4
*DOCK-C subfamily (also known as Zir subfamily)
**
Dock6 (also known as Zir1)
**
Dock7 (also known as Zir2)
**
Dock8 (also known as Zir3)
*DOCK-D subfamily (also known as Zizimin subfamily)
**
Dock9 (also known as Zizimin1)
**
Dock10 (also known as Zizimin3)
**
Dock11 (also known as Zizimin2)
References
GTP-binding protein regulators
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