Côte Saint-Luc () is a city on the

Island of Montreal The Island of Montreal (, ) is an island in southwestern Quebec, Canada, which is the site of a number of municipalities, including most of the city of Montreal, and is the most populous island in Canada. It is the main island of the Hochelag ...

Quebec Quebec is Canada's List of Canadian provinces and territories by area, largest province by area. Located in Central Canada, the province shares borders with the provinces of Ontario to the west, Newfoundland and Labrador to the northeast, ...

, Canada. It is a mostly residential suburb of

Montreal Montreal is the List of towns in Quebec, largest city in the Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Quebec, the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, second-largest in Canada, and the List of North American cit ...

, within which it forms an

enclave An enclave is a territory that is entirely surrounded by the territory of only one other state or entity. An enclave can be an independent territory or part of a larger one. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is so ...

. The city is primarily English-speaking, with a large Jewish community.

Geography

Côte Saint-Luc, along with

Hampstead Hampstead () is an area in London, England, which lies northwest of Charing Cross, located mainly in the London Borough of Camden, with a small part in the London Borough of Barnet. It borders Highgate and Golders Green to the north, Belsiz ...

and Montreal West, forms an enclave within the City of Montreal. Côte Saint-Luc itself contains two distinct

exclaves An enclave is a territory that is entirely surrounded by the territory of only one other state or entity. An enclave can be an independent territory or part of a larger one. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is s ...

that are nestled between Hampstead and Montreal. The larger of the two contains a residential development north of Hampstead and the Decarie Square Mall, while the smaller one consists of fifteen residential buildings along Macdonald Avenue. About a third of Côte Saint-Luc's territory is occupied by the

Canadian Pacific The Canadian Pacific Railway () , also known simply as CPR or Canadian Pacific and formerly as CP Rail (1968–1996), is a Canadian Class I railway incorporated in 1881. The railway is owned by Canadian Pacific Kansas City, Canadian Pacific Ka ...

rail yard A rail yard, railway yard, railroad yard (US) or simply yard, is a series of Track (rail transport), tracks in a rail network for storing, sorting, or loading and unloading rail vehicles and locomotives. Yards have many tracks in parallel for k ...

Climate

Côte Saint-Luc has a

humid continental climate A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers, and cold ...

(

Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (1951–2014), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author ...

: ''Dfa'').

History

The area encompassing Côte Saint-Luc was first settled in the 18th century, and was incorporated as a village in 1903. Its name may commemorate the 18th-century military officer Luc de la Corne Saint-Luc. Throughout the 1920s, the town grew quickly and accepted many immigrant populations leaving Montreal, notably German-

Jewish Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...

and

British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture ...

families. Railway development and industrial activities were relocated to the north. An example of this is an old farmhouse, near the intersection of Westminster and Côte Saint-Luc, which today is a

strip mall A strip mall, strip center, strip plaza or simply plaza is a type of shopping mall, shopping center common in North America and Australia where the stores are arranged in a row, with a footpath in front. Strip malls are typically developed as a ...

. Still, Côte Saint-Luc remained a small agricultural community until the mid-20th century. The population grew from 747 residents to over 20,000 between 1940 and the mid-1960s, due to substantial immigration following World War II. It was officially incorporated as a town in 1951, and as a city in 1958. Côte Saint-Luc was forcibly merged with the city of Montreal on January 1, 2002. It was amalgamated with its neighbouring suburbs of

and Montreal West to form the borough of Côte-Saint-Luc—Hampstead—Montréal-Ouest. In a referendum held on June 20, 2004, Côte Saint-Luc residents voted to demerge; Côte Saint-Luc was re-established as a separate city on January 1, 2006.

Demographics

According to the

Office québécois de la langue française The (, OQLF; ) is an agency of the Quebec provincial government charged with ensuring legislative requirements with respect to the right to use French are respected. Established on 24 March 1961 by the Liberal government of Jean Lesage, the ...

, Côte Saint-Luc has been officially recognized as a bilingual municipality since 2005. In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by

Statistics Canada Statistics Canada (StatCan; ), formed in 1971, is the agency of the Government of Canada commissioned with producing statistics to help better understand Canada, its population, resources, economy, society, and culture. It is headquartered in ...

, Côte Saint-Luc had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021. Outside Israel, Côte-Saint-Luc contains the world's seventh largest Jewish community as a percentage of total population, with 69.1% of the population being Jewish.

Local government

Municipal council

Mayors

The former mayors of Côte Saint-Luc are as follows: * Luc Prud'homme (1903–1905) * Pierre Lemieux (1905–1909, 1912–1938) * François-Xavier Décarie (1909–1912) (resigned) * Frederick D. Lamont (1938–1939) (resigned) * Donald Fletcher (1939–1951) * John P. Fyon (1951–1953) * J.-Adalbert Paris (1953–1963) * Samuel Moskovitch (1963–1976) (died in office) * Bernard Lang (1976–1998) * Robert Libman (1998–2002) * Anthony Housefather (2006–2016) * Mitchell Brownstein (2016–present)

Public services and education

Côte Saint-Luc operates a full-time Public Security Department that enforces municipal by-laws, and in 2006 launched the Volunteer Citizens on Patrol () program that allows residents to help deter crime. Côte Saint-Luc also runs the only volunteer EMS first responder system on the island of Montreal, which responds to more than 3,000 calls early. Advanced care and transportation to local hospitals is provided by Urgences-santé. In 2008–2009, the Montreal Fire Department implemented an island-wide

first responder A first responder is a person with specialized training who is among the first to arrive and provide assistance or incident resolution at the scene of an emergency. First responders typically include Law enforcement, law enforcement officers (co ...

system set to replace the Côte Saint-Luc EMS; however, the city fought to keep their system and

private member's bill A private member's bill is a bill (proposed law) introduced into a legislature by a legislator who is not acting on behalf of the executive branch. The designation "private member's bill" is used in most Westminster system jurisdictions, in wh ...

was passed in the

National Assembly of Quebec The National Assembly of Quebec (, ) is the Legislature, legislative body of the Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Quebec in Canada. Legislators are called MNAs (Members of the National Assembly; ). The lieutenant governor of Que ...

to exclude Côte Saint-Luc from the Montreal Fire Department. The city's Eleanor London Côte Saint-Luc Public Library was named in honour of Eleanor London, who served as the city's chief librarian for 36 years. The Eleanor London Côte Saint-Luc Library is one of few libraries in North America that is open every day of the year. The Cavendish Mall was once the city's central hub, housing stores like Steinberg's,

Eaton's The T. Eaton Company Limited, later known as Eaton's, was a Canadian department store chain that was once the largest in the country. It was founded in 1869 in Toronto by Timothy Eaton, an immigrant from what is now Northern Ireland. Eaton's g ...

and Discus. In recent years, part of the mall has been replaced with single family homes, townhouses and apartment buildings. The Commission scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys (CSMB) operates two Francophone primary schools in Côte Saint-Luc: École de la Mosaïque and École des Amis-du-Monde. The

English Montreal School Board The English Montreal School Board (official name: Commission scolaire English-Montréal English-Montréal School Board; CSEM or EMSB) is one of five public school boards and one of two English-language school boards on the island of Montreal in Q ...

operates a French immersion school, Merton School, John Grant and Mountainview High Schools, and the Marymount Adult Centre. There are a number of private schools in the city, including JPPS–Bialik, Hebrew Academy, École Maïmonide and Yeshiva Yavne.

Notable people

Former residents of Côte Saint-Luc include politician and lawyer Irwin Cotler, actor

William Shatner William Shatner (born March 22, 1931) is a Canadian actor. In a career spanning seven decades, he is best known for his portrayal of James T. Kirk in the ''Star Trek'' franchise, from his 1966 debut as the captain of the starship USS Enterpri ...

, and poet Irving Layton. Other residents included Montreal Expos all-star catcher

Gary Carter Gary Edmund Carter (April 8, 1954 – February 16, 2012) was an American professional baseball catcher whose 19-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career was spent primarily with the Montreal Expos and New York Mets. Nicknamed "Kid" for his youth ...

. Comedy screenwriter Ricky Blitt and older brother Barry Blitt, a magazine illustrator, were raised there. Author Gordon Korman grew up in Côte Saint-Luc, as did popular science author and cognitive psychologist

Steven Pinker Steven Arthur Pinker (born September 18, 1954) is a Canadian-American cognitive psychology, cognitive psychologist, psycholinguistics, psycholinguist, popular science author, and public intellectual. He is an advocate of evolutionary psycholo ...

Notes

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Cote Saint-Luc Bilingual cities and towns in Quebec Cities and towns in Quebec Island of Montreal municipalities Jewish communities in Canada Jews and Judaism in Montreal