Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase () also known as carnosine dipeptidase 2 is an

enzyme An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...

that in humans is encoded by the ''CNDP2''

gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...

. This enzyme catalyses the

hydrolysis Hydrolysis (; ) is any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds. The term is used broadly for substitution reaction, substitution, elimination reaction, elimination, and solvation reactions in which water ...

of dipeptides, preferentially those containing hydrophobic

amino acid Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. Although over 500 amino acids exist in nature, by far the most important are the 22 α-amino acids incorporated into proteins. Only these 22 a ...

s. The human enzyme uses

manganese Manganese is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is a hard, brittle, silvery metal, often found in minerals in combination with iron. Manganese was first isolated in the 1770s. It is a transition m ...

ions as a cofactor. In addition to its function as a peptidase, the enzyme also functions to generate ''N''-lactoyl amino acids, such as N-lactoyl-phenylalanine, via the process of "reverse proteolysis". A similar pathway conjugates amino acids to Beta-hydroxybutyric acid.

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* {{Portal bar, Biology, border=no EC 3.4.13

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