''Cytophaga'' is a genus of

Gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wa ...

gliding Gliding is a recreational activity and competitive air sport in which pilots fly unpowered aircraft known as gliders or sailplanes using naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to remain airborne. The word ''soaring'' is ...

, rod-shaped bacteria. This bacterium is commonly found in soil, rapidly digests crystalline cellulose ''C. hutchinsonii'' is able to use its gliding motility to move quickly over surfaces. Although the mechanism for this is not known, there is a belief that the flagellum is not used

Species

The following are some

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

in ''Cytophaga'': * ''

Cytophaga psychrophila ''Cytophaga'' is a genus of Gram-negative, gliding, rod-shaped bacteria. This bacterium is commonly found in soil, rapidly digests crystalline cellulose ''C. hutchinsonii'' is able to use its gliding motility to move quickly over surfaces. A ...

'' — causes

peduncle Peduncle may refer to: *Peduncle (botany), a stalk supporting an inflorescence, which is the part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed *Peduncle (anatomy), a stem, through which a mass of tissue is attached to a body **Peduncle (art ...

or cold water disease in Brook trout; predisposed by subnormal water temperature. * ''

Cytophaga hutchinsonii ''Cytophaga hutchinsonii'' is a bacterial species in the genus '' Cytophaga''. ''C. hutchinsonii'' is an aerobic, gram-negative, soil, microorganism that exhibits gliding motility, enabling it to move quickly over surfaces and is capable of cellu ...

'' — aerobic

cellulolytic Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula , a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucose units. Cellulose is an important structural component of the primary cell wall ...

soil bacterium that is known for its ability to rapidly glide over surfaces. The mechanism of cellulose digestion is not fully known; however, it is known that ''C. hutchinsonii'' has multiple cell-associated cellulolytic enzymes.

Species Previously Classified in ''Cytophaga:''

* ''Flavobacterium columnare'' (previously: ''

Cytophaga columnaris ''Flavobacterium columnare'' is a thin Gram-negative rod bacterium of the genus ''Flavobacterium''. The name derives from the way in which the organism grows in rhizoid columnar formations. The species was first described by Davis (1922), and th ...

)'' — the cause of

columnaris Columnaris (also referred to as cottonmouth) is a symptom of disease in fish which results from an infection caused by the Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium '' Flavobacterium columnare''. It was previously known as ''Bacillus columnaris ...

disease in

salmon Salmon () is the common name In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of ...

id fish, as associated with increased water temperature; it is characterized by white necrotic plaques overlaying skin ulcers; formerly called: ''

Flexibacter columnaris ''Flavobacterium columnare'' is a thin Gram-negative rod bacterium of the genus ''Flavobacterium''. The name derives from the way in which the organism grows in rhizoid columnar formations. The species was first described by Davis (1922), and th ...

''. * ''Flavobacterium johnsoniae'' (previously: ''

Cytophaga johnsonae ''Cytophaga'' is a genus of Gram-negative, gliding, rod-shaped bacteria. This bacterium is commonly found in soil, rapidly digests crystalline cellulose ''C. hutchinsonii'' is able to use its gliding motility to move quickly over surfaces. Al ...

)'' — associated with false columnaris disease. * '' Breznibacter xylanoticus'' (previously: ''Cytophaga xylanolytica'') — a gliding bacteria that dominates xylan degradation in freshwater environments

References

External links

''Cytophaga'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3009545 Gram-negative bacteria Medically important anaerobes Gut flora bacteria Bacteria genera Cytophagia