Cystiscinae are a

taxonomic Taxonomy is the practice and science of categorization or classification. A taxonomy (or taxonomical classification) is a scheme of classification, especially a hierarchical classification, in which things are organized into groups or types. ...

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

of minute

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

s. These are

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

s or

micromollusk A micromollusk is a shelled mollusk which is extremely small, even at full adult size. The word is usually, but not exclusively, applied to marine mollusks, although in addition, numerous species of land snails and freshwater mollusks also ...

s in the family

Cystiscidae Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Description The shell is minute to large, either white, uniformly colored, or patterned; the surface is smooth, sculptured, or axially costate; ...

, and the clade

Neogastropoda Neogastropoda is an order of sea snails, both freshwater and marine gastropod molluscs. Description The available fossil record of Neogastropoda is relatively complete, and supports a widely accepted evolutionary scenario of an Early Creta ...

Diagnosis

Shell minute to small, white;

spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spires are ...

immersed to low; surface smooth or axially costate; lip thickened, smooth or denticulate; external

varix A varix (pl. varices) is an abnormally dilated vessel with a tortuous course. Varices usually occur in the venous system, but may also occur in arterial or lymphatic vessels. Examples of varices include: * Varicose veins, large tortuous veins usua ...

absent; siphonal notch absent; posterior notch absent; columella multiplicate, with combined total of usually 2 to 8 plications plus parietal lirae; internal

whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral ...

s cystiscid type. Animal

mantle A mantle is a piece of clothing, a type of cloak. Several other meanings are derived from that. Mantle may refer to: *Mantle (clothing), a cloak-like garment worn mainly by women as fashionable outerwear **Mantle (vesture), an Eastern Orthodox ve ...

smooth, at least partially extending over external shell surface. Internal anatomy unknown.

Genera

Genera within the subfamily Cystiscinae are as follows: *''

Crithe ''Crithe'' is a genus of minute sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Cystiscidae. This genus is sometimes still placed within the Marginellidae. These tiny gastropods have a shell which is colorles ...

Gould Gould may refer to: People * Gould (name), a surname Places United States * Gould, Arkansas, a city * Gould, Colorado, an unincorporated community * Gould, Ohio, an unincorporated community * Gould, Oklahoma, a town * Gould, West Virginia, a ...

, 1860 *'' Cystiscus'' Stimpson, 1865:55 *'' Extra'' Jousseaume, 1894 - with the only species ''

Extra extra ''Extra extra'' or ''Marginella extra'' is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae. Some malacologists place this genus more simply in the family Marginellidae. Taxonomy ''Marginell ...

'' Jousseaume, 1894 *''

Gibberula ''Gibberula'' is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for ...

'' Swainson, 1840 *'' Inbiocystiscus'' Ortea and Espinosa, 2001 *'' Intelcystiscus'' Ortea and Espinosa, 2001 * †'' Marginocystiscus'' Landau, C. M. Silva & Heitz, 2016 *'' Pachybathron'' Gaskoin, 1853 *'' Persicula''

Schumacher Schumacher or Schuhmacher is an occupational surname (German, "shoemaker", pronounced , both variants can be used as surnames, with Schumacher being the more popular one, however, only the variant with three "h"s can also be used as a job descript ...

, 1817 *'' Ticocystiscus'' Espinosa and Ortea, 2002 *'' Ticofurcilla'' Espinosa & Ortea, 2002 * †'' Topaginella'' Laseron, 1957:288

Comparative shell structure of three genera

Image:Cystiscus.jpg, Image:Crithe.jpg, Image:ExtraExtra.jpg,

References

* 2002. Nuevas especies de margineliformes de Cuba, Bahamas y el Mar Caribe de Costa Rica Avicennia 15:101-128. * 2001. ''Intelcystiscus'' e ''Inbiocystiscus'' (Mollusca: Neogastrópoda: Cystiscidae) dos nuevos géneros del Atlántico occidental tropical. Avicennia 14 107-114. {{Taxonbar, from=Q5201222 Cystiscidae Taxa named by William Stimpson