''Cyrtandra'' (

Neo-Latin Neo-LatinSidwell, Keith ''Classical Latin-Medieval Latin-Neo Latin'' in ; others, throughout. (also known as New Latin and Modern Latin) is the style of written Latin used in original literary, scholarly, and scientific works, first in Italy d ...

, from

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

, ''kyrtós'', "curved", and , ''anḗr'', "male", in reference to their prominently curved

stamen The stamen (: stamina or stamens) is a part consisting of the male reproductive organs of a flower. Collectively, the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filament ...

s). is a genus of flowering plants containing about 600 species,''Clermontia'' and ''Cyrtandra''.
DNA Barcoding Endemic Hawaiian Species Project. University of Hawaii, Hilo. with more being discovered often, and is thus the largest genus in the family

Gesneriaceae Gesneriaceae, the gesneriad family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants consisting of about 152 genera and ca. 3,540 species in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World (almost all Didymocarpoideae) and the New World (most Ges ...

. These plants are native to

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

, and the

Pacific Islands The Pacific islands are a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean. They are further categorized into three major island groups: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Depending on the context, the term ''Pacific Islands'' may refer to one of several ...

, with the

centre of diversity A Vavilov center or center of origin is a geographical area where a group of organisms, either domesticated or wild, first developed its distinctive properties. Centers of origin were first identified in 1924 by Nikolai Vavilov. Vavilov posit ...

and the

Malesia Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. It is a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical kingdom. It was first recognized as a distinct region ...

n region. The genus is common, but many species within it are very rare, localized, and

endangered An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching, inv ...

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...

plants. The species can be difficult to identify because they are highly polymorphic and because they readily hybridize with each other. The plants may be small

herb Herbs are a widely distributed and widespread group of plants, excluding vegetables, with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicinal purposes, or for fragrances. Culinary use typically distingu ...

vine A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word ''vine'' can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.Jackson; Benjamin; Da ...

shrub A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple ...

epiphyte An epiphyte is a plant or plant-like organism that grows on the surface of another plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphyt ...

s, or

tree In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, e.g., including only woody plants with secondary growth, only ...

s. The genus is characterized in part by having two

s, and most species have white flowers, with a few red-, orange-, yellow-, and pink-flowered species known. Almost all species live in

rainforest Rainforests are forests characterized by a closed and continuous tree Canopy (biology), canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire. Rainforests can be generally classified as tropi ...

habitat In ecology, habitat refers to the array of resources, biotic factors that are present in an area, such as to support the survival and reproduction of a particular species. A species' habitat can be seen as the physical manifestation of its ...

s. It is an example of a

supertramp Supertramp were a British rock band formed in London in 1970. Marked by the individual songwriting of founders Roger Hodgson (vocals, keyboards and guitars) and Rick Davies (vocals and keyboards), the group were distinguished for blending p ...

genus.

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; ) is an island U.S. state, state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland. One of the two Non-contiguous United States, non-contiguous U.S. states (along with Alaska), it is the only sta ...

an ''Cyrtandra'' are known as ''ha‘iwale''. Starr 030405-0216 Cyrtandra platyphylla

Species

Selected species include: *'' Cyrtandra argentii'' *'' Cyrtandra calyptribracteata'' *'' Cyrtandra cleopatrae'' *'' Cyrtandra crenata'' – Kahana Valley cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra cyaneoides'' – mapele *'' Cyrtandra dentata'' – mountain cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra elegans'' *'' Cyrtandra giffardii'' – forest cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra heinrichii'' – lava cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra laxiflora'' – Oahu cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra munroi'' – Lanaihale cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra oenobarba'' – shaggystem cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra paliku'' – cliffside cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra paludosa'' – kanaweo ke'oke'o *'' Cyrtandra platyphylla'' – 'ilihia *'' Cyrtandra polyantha'' – Niu Valley cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra subumbellata'' – parasol cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra tintinnabula'' – Laupahoehoe cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra viridiflora'' – greenleaf cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra waiolani'' – fuzzyflower cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra wawrae'' – rockface cyrtandra

Species

References

Further reading