Kiril Parlichev (, ; 1 March 1875 – 9 February 1944) was a

Macedonian Bulgarian Macedonians or Macedonian Bulgarians (), sometimes also referred to as Macedono-Bulgarians, Macedo-Bulgarians, or Bulgaro-Macedonians are a regional, ethnographic group of ethnic Bulgarians, inhabiting or originating from the region of Ma ...

Makedonskoto osvoboditelno dvizhenie sled Pŭrvata svetovna voĭna, 1918-1924, Kostadin Paleshutski, Published by Izd-vo na Bŭlgarskata akademia na naukite, 1993, p. 209. revolutionary and public figure. He was a member of Internal Macedono-Adrianopolean Revolutionary Organization (IMARO), teacher, journalist, translator and writer.

Biography

Parlichev was born in

Ohrid Ohrid ( ) is a city in North Macedonia and is the seat of the Ohrid Municipality. It is the largest city on Lake Ohrid and the eighth-largest city in the country, with the municipality recording a population of over 42,000 inhabitants as of ...

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...

in 1875. His father was the Bulgarian writer and educator Grigor Parlichev. On 5 August 1898 Dimitar Grdanov, a Serbian teacher in Ohrid, and pro-Serbian activist in Macedonia was murdered by

Metody Patchev Metody Patchev (; ; May 7, 1875 – April 7, 1902) was a Bulgarians, Bulgarian teacher and revolutionary, voivode of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization. Life Patchev was born in Ohrid, Ottoman Empire (today North Macedonia) i ...

, after which Patchev and his fellow conspirators

Hristo Uzunov Hristo Dimitrov Uzunov (Bulgarian language, Bulgarian/; 22 February 1878 – 24 April 1905) was a Macedonian Bulgarians, Macedonian Bulgarian teacher and revolutionary, head of the Ohrid branch of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organizat ...

, Parlichev and

Ivan Grupchev Ivan () is a Slavic male given name, connected with the variant of the Greek name (English: John) from Hebrew meaning 'God is gracious'. It is associated worldwide with Slavic countries. The earliest person known to bear the name was the Bul ...

were arrested. Parlichev later taught in the

Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki The Sts. Cyril and Methodius Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki (, ''Solunska balgarska mazhka gimnazia „Sv. sv. Kiril i Metodiy“'') was the first Bulgarian language, Bulgarian high school in Macedonia (region), Macedonia. One of th ...

, where he was accepted in IMARO. During the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie Uprising he was a member of the

Hristo Chernopeev Hristo Chernopeev () (c. 1868, Dermantsi – 6 November 1915, Krivolak) was a Bulgarian Army officer and member of the revolutionary movement in Macedonia (region), Macedonia. He was among the leaders of the Bulgarian People's Macedonian-Adrianopl ...

's band. After the end of the unsuccessful uprising, he started studying history in

Sofia University Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski" () is a public university, public research university in Sofia, Bulgaria. It is the oldest institution of higher education in Bulgaria. Founded on 1 October 1888, the edifice of the university was constr ...

. In the meantime he worked as a secretary of the IMARO committee in

Sofia Sofia is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, largest city of Bulgaria. It is situated in the Sofia Valley at the foot of the Vitosha mountain, in the western part of the country. The city is built west of the Is ...

. After the

Young Turk Revolution The Young Turk Revolution (July 1908; ) was a constitutionalist revolution in the Ottoman Empire. Revolutionaries belonging to the Internal Committee of Union and Progress, an organization of the Young Turks movement, forced Sultan Abdul Hamid II ...

, Parlichev participated in the inauguration of the

Bulgarian Constitutional Clubs Bulgarian Constitutional Clubs, also known as Union of the Bulgarian Constitutional Clubs (), was an ethnic Bulgarians, Bulgarian political party in the Ottoman Empire, created after the Young Turk Revolution, by members of the Internal Macedonia ...

political party A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular area's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology, ...

. He taught in Voden, where he and Hristo Zaneshev contributed to the activity of

. In 1918 Parlichev wrote his first work - ''The Serbian Regime and the Revolutionary Struggle in Macedonia'' (in ). He was also one of the founders of the

Macedonian Scientific Institute The Macedonian Scientific Institute (MSI; ) is a Bulgarian scientific organization, which studies the region of Macedonia and mostly the Macedonian Bulgarians. The Institute issues the journal "Macedonian Review". Establishment and activity It wa ...

in 1923. Parlichev translated into Bulgarian works of

Karl Marx Karl Marx (; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German philosopher, political theorist, economist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. He is best-known for the 1848 pamphlet '' The Communist Manifesto'' (written with Friedrich Engels) ...

Voltaire François-Marie Arouet (; 21 November 169430 May 1778), known by his ''Pen name, nom de plume'' Voltaire (, ; ), was a French Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment writer, philosopher (''philosophe''), satirist, and historian. Famous for his wit ...

and others. After the murder of

Todor Alexandrov Todor Aleksandrov Poporushov ( Bulgarian/ Macedonian: Тодор Александров Попорушов; 4 March 1881 – 31 August 1924), anglicised as Todor Alexandrov, was a Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionary, Bulgarian army officer, pol ...

, Parlichev was forced by

Ivan Mihailov Ivan Mihaylov Gavrilov (; ;He is credited in English-language sources as ''Mihailov'', while the Bulgarian and Macedonian transliteration schemes render it as ''Mihaylov'' and ''Mihajlov'', respectively. 26 August 1896 – 5 September 1990), ...

to stop his participation in the activities of IMRO. In the period 1941-1944, when the area was under Bulgarian control, he was director of the Historical Museum in Ohrid. He died there on 9 February 1944. Parlichev is survived today by his grandson, Kiril, who has published his previously unknown works in

Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ...

Works

* ''The Serbian Regime and the Revolutionary Struggle in Macedonia (1912 - 1915) ('') * ''Kyustendil Congress of IMRO from 1908.'' VEDA-MZH, Sofia 2001 (in * ''36 Years in the IMRO - Memories of Kiril Parlichev.'' VEDA-MZH, Sofia 2001. (in * ''Towards a Characterization of Grigor S. Parlichev ('')), '' Macedonian Review'' 4 (2), pp. 99 - 140 (1928)

Sources

Cveta Trifonova, ''Danail Krapchev and the newspaper Zora'' (in Bulgarian)

The Grandson of Our Famous Revolutionary Grigor Parlichev - Kiril Parlichev, (in Bulgarian)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Parlichev, Cyril 1875 births 1944 deaths People from Ohrid People from Manastir vilayet Members of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization Bulgarian translators Bulgarian educators Members of the Macedonian Scientific Institute Bulgarian revolutionaries Bulgarian people imprisoned in the Ottoman Empire Macedonian Bulgarians Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki alumni 20th-century translators