''Cyphelium'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

crustose Crustose is a habit of some types of algae and lichens in which the organism grows tightly appressed to a substrate, forming a biological layer. ''Crustose'' adheres very closely to the substrates at all points. ''Crustose'' is found on rocks a ...

areolate Lichens are composite organisms made up of multiple species: a fungal partner, one or more photosynthetic partners, and sometimes a basidiomycete yeast. They are regularly grouped by their external appearance – a characteristic known as their ...

lichens with cup-like

apothecia An ascocarp, or ascoma (), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascocarps are mo ...

filled with

soot Soot ( ) is a mass of impure carbon particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. It is more properly restricted to the product of the gas-phase combustion process but is commonly extended to include the residual pyrolyse ...

y black spores.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, The genus is in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Caliciaceae . The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in north and south

temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout t ...

regions, and contains about 12 species. Members of the genus are commonly called soot lichens.

Species

*'' Cyphelium brachysporum'' *'' Cyphelium brunneum'' *''

Cyphelium chloroconium ''Cyphelium'' is a genus of crustose areolate lichens with cup-like apothecia filled with sooty black spores.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, The genus is in the family Caliciaceae . The genus ...

'' *''

Cyphelium inquinans ''Cyphelium'' is a genus of crustose areolate lichen A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.

'' *'' Cyphelium karelicum'' *'' Cyphelium lecideinum'' *''

Cyphelium lucidum ''Cyphelium'' is a genus of crustose areolate lichens with cup-like apothecia filled with sooty black spores.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, The genus is in the family Caliciaceae . The genus ...

'' *''

Cyphelium marcianum ''Cyphelium'' is a genus of crustose areolate lichens with cup-like apothecia filled with sooty black spores.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, The genus is in the family Caliciaceae . The genus ...

'' *''

Cyphelium notarisii ''Cyphelium notarisii'' or soot lichen is a species of lichenised fungus in the family Caliciaceae. Found in Europe and North America, it grows on wood, often in coastal areas. The species was first described as ''Acolium notarisii'' by Edmon ...

'' *''

Cyphelium pinicola ''Calicium pinicola'' is a species of lignicolous (wood-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Caliciaceae. It is widely distributed in Europe, and also occurs in the United States. Taxonomy The lichen was first formally described as new to ...

'' *''

Cyphelium sessile ''Cyphelium'' is a genus of crustose areolate lichens with cup-like apothecia filled with sooty black spores.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, The genus is in the family Caliciaceae . The genus ...

'' *'' Cyphelium tigillare'' *''

Cyphelium trachylioides ''Cyphelium'' is a genus of crustose areolate lichens with cup-like apothecia filled with sooty black spores.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, The genus is in the family Caliciaceae . The genus ...

References

Gallery

Image:Cyphelium_inquinans-3.jpg, ''

'' Image:Cyphelium_tigillare-2.jpg, '' Cyphelium tigillare'' Caliciales Lichen genera Taxa described in 1815 Taxa named by Erik Acharius Caliciales genera {{Caliciales-stub