''Cyphelium'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...
of
crustose
Crustose is a habit of some types of algae and lichens in which the organism grows tightly appressed to a substrate, forming a biological layer. ''Crustose'' adheres very closely to the substrates at all points. ''Crustose'' is found on rocks a ...
areolate
Lichens are composite organisms made up of multiple species: a fungal partner, one or more photosynthetic partners, and sometimes a basidiomycete yeast. They are regularly grouped by their external appearance – a characteristic known as their ...
lichens with cup-like
apothecia
An ascocarp, or ascoma (), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascocarps are mo ...
filled with
soot
Soot ( ) is a mass of impure carbon particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. It is more properly restricted to the product of the gas-phase combustion process but is commonly extended to include the residual pyrolyse ...
y black spores.
[Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ] The genus is in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Caliciaceae . The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in north and south
temperate
In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to 66.5° N/S of Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ranges throughout t ...
regions, and contains about 12 species.
Members of the genus are
commonly called soot lichens.
[
]
Species
*'' Cyphelium brachysporum''
*'' Cyphelium brunneum''
*'' Cyphelium chloroconium''
*''Cyphelium inquinans
''Cyphelium'' is a genus of crustose areolate lichen
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship. ''
*'' Cyphelium karelicum''
*'' Cyphelium lecideinum''
*'' Cyphelium lucidum''
*'' Cyphelium marcianum''
*'' Cyphelium notarisii''
*'' Cyphelium pinicola''
*'' Cyphelium sessile''
*'' Cyphelium tigillare''
*'' Cyphelium trachylioides''
References
Gallery
Image:Cyphelium_inquinans-3.jpg, ''Cyphelium inquinans
''Cyphelium'' is a genus of crustose areolate lichen
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship. ''
Image:Cyphelium_tigillare-2.jpg, '' Cyphelium tigillare''
Caliciales
Lichen genera
Taxa described in 1815
Taxa named by Erik Acharius
Caliciales genera
{{Caliciales-stub