''Cynometra'' (from
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...
calque
In linguistics, a calque () or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal word-for-word or root-for-root translation. When used as a verb, "to calque" means to borrow a word or phrase from another language ...
of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for ''
C. cauliflora'' according to
Rumphius
Georg Eberhard Rumphius (originally: Rumpf; baptized c. 1 November 1627 – 15 June 1702) was a German-born botanist employed by the Dutch East India Company in what is now eastern Indonesia, and is best known for his work ''Herbarium Amboinense' ...
) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution.
[
Species of ''Cynometra'' are particularly important as forest components in ]West Africa
West Africa, also known as Western Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations geoscheme for Africa#Western Africa, United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Gha ...
and the Neotropics
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In biogeog ...
. '' Cynometra alexandri'' (muhimbi) is a familiar timber tree of central and east Africa.
The genus is a member of the subfamily Detarioideae
The subfamily Detarioideae is one of the subdivisions of the plant family Fabaceae (legumes). This subfamily includes many tropical trees, some of which are used for timber or have ecological importance. The subfamily consists of 84 genera, mos ...
. It has been suggested that ''Cynometra'' is polyphyletic
A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...
and is in need of revision. In 2019, beside description of 4 new species (i.e. '' Cynometra cerebriformis'', '' C. dwyeri'', '' C. steyermarkii'' and '' C. tumbesiana''), suggested that the species formerly recognized as ''Maniltoa
''Cynometra'' (from Greek calque of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for '' C. cauliflora'' according to Rumphius) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution.
Species of ''Cynometra'' are particularly important as fores ...
'' should be included in this genus and some of the mainland tropical African species (those with asterisk in the list below) excluded from this genus because of their jointed pedicels
In botany, a pedicel is a stem that attaches a single flower to the inflorescence
In botany, an inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a plant's Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branch ...
and dehiscent
Dehiscence is the splitting of a mature plant structure along a built-in line of weakness to release its contents. This is common among fruits, anthers and sporangia. Sometimes this involves the complete detachment of a part. Structures that op ...
fruits (he has not yet published any new combination for them, though).
Species
113 species are currently accepted.[ The list below is based on ]Plants of the World Online
Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
History
Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...
[ and .
* '' Cynometra abrahamii''
* '' Cynometra alexandri''
* '' Cynometra americana''
* '' Cynometra ananta''
* '' Cynometra ankaranensis''
* '' Cynometra aurita''
* '
* '' Cynometra bauhiniifolia''
* '' Cynometra beddomei''
* '' Cynometra bourdillonii''
* '']Cynometra brachymischa
''Cynometra'' (from Greek language, Greek calque of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for ''Cynometra cauliflora, C. cauliflora'' according to Georg Eberhard Rumphius, Rumphius) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution.
...
''
* '' Cynometra brachyrrhachis''
* '
* '' Cynometra browneoides''
* '' Cynometra capuronii''
* '' Cynometra cauliflora''
* '' Cynometra cebuensis''
* '
* '' Cynometra commersoniana''
* '' Cynometra congensis''
* '' Cynometra copelandii''
* '' Cynometra craibii''
* '' Cynometra crassifolia''
* '' Cynometra cubensis''
* '' Cynometra cuneata''
* '
* '' Cynometra dauphinensis''
* '
* '
* '
* '
* '' Cynometra engleri''
* '' Cynometra falcata''
* '' Cynometra filifera''
* '' Cynometra fissicuspis''
* '' Cynometra floretii''
* '
* '' Cynometra gillmanii''*
* '' Cynometra glomerulata''
* '' Cynometra grandiflora'' (syn. ''Maniltoa grandiflora'' )
* '
* '
* '' Cynometra hemitomophylla''
* '
* '' Cynometra hostmanniana''
* '' Cynometra humboldtiana''
* '' Cynometra inaequifolia''
* '' Cynometra insularis''
* '' Cynometra iripa''
* '' Cynometra katikii''
* '' Cynometra lenticellata'' (syn. '' Maniltoa lenticellata'' )
* '
* '
* '' Cynometra longicuspis''
* '' Cynometra longifolia''
* '' Cynometra longipedicellata''
* '' Cynometra lujae''
* '' Cynometra lukei''
* '' Cynometra lyallii''
* '' Cynometra macrocarpa''
* '' Cynometra madagascariensis''
* '
* '' Cynometra mannii''
* '' Cynometra marginata''
* '
* '' Cynometra marleneae''
* '' Cynometra mayottensis''
* '
* '' Cynometra megalophylla''
* '
* '' Cynometra minor'' (syn. '' Maniltoa minor'' )
* '' Cynometra minutiflora''
* '
* '
* '' Cynometra nyangensis''
* '' Cynometra oaxacana''
* '' Cynometra oddonii''
* '
* '' Cynometra parvifolia''
* '' Cynometra pedicellata''
* '' Cynometra pervilleana''
* '' Cynometra phaselocarpa''
* '
* '' Cynometra polyandra''
* '' Cynometra portoricensis''
* '' Cynometra psilogyne''
* '' Cynometra ramiflora''
* '' Cynometra retusa''
* '' Cynometra rosea'' (syn. '' Maniltoa rosea'' )
* '' Cynometra roseiflora''
* '' Cynometra sakalava''
* '
* '
* '' Cynometra schlechteri''
* '' Cynometra schottiana''
* '*
* '' Cynometra simplicifolia''
* '' Cynometra sphaerocarpa''
* '
* '
* '
* '' Cynometra suaheliensis''
* '' Cynometra travancorica''
* '' Cynometra trinitensis''
* '
* '' Cynometra ulugurensis''
* '' Cynometra vestita'' (syn. ''Maniltoa vestita'' )
* '' Cynometra vitiensis'' (syn. ''Maniltoa floribunda'' )
* '' Cynometra vogelii''
* '' Cynometra warburgii''
* '' Cynometra webberi''
* '
* '' Cynometra zeylanica''
References
*
Fabaceae genera
Pantropical flora
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
{{Detarioideae-stub