''Cynometra'' (from

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

calque In linguistics, a calque () or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal word-for-word or root-for-root translation. When used as a verb, "to calque" means to borrow a word or phrase from another language ...

of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for '' C. cauliflora'' according to

Rumphius Georg Eberhard Rumphius (originally: Rumpf; baptized c. 1 November 1627 – 15 June 1702) was a German-born botanist employed by the Dutch East India Company in what is now eastern Indonesia, and is best known for his work ''Herbarium Amboinense' ...

) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution. Species of ''Cynometra'' are particularly important as forest components in

West Africa West Africa, also known as Western Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations geoscheme for Africa#Western Africa, United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Gha ...

and the

Neotropics The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeog ...

. ''

Cynometra alexandri ''Cynometra alexandri'', the Uganda ironwood or muhimbi, is a species of legume that occurs in tropical lowland forests of central and east Africa. They grow gregariously in drier forest types and as a constituent of swamp forests. They reach s ...

'' (muhimbi) is a familiar timber tree of central and east Africa. The genus is a member of the subfamily

Detarioideae The subfamily Detarioideae is one of the subdivisions of the plant family Fabaceae (legumes). This subfamily includes many tropical trees, some of which are used for timber or have ecological importance. The subfamily consists of 84 genera, mos ...

. It has been suggested that ''Cynometra'' is

polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...

and is in need of revision. In 2019, beside description of 4 new species (i.e. ''

Cynometra cerebriformis ''Cynometra'' (from Greek calque of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for '' C. cauliflora'' according to Rumphius) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution. Species of ''Cynometra'' are particularly important as forest ...

'', '' C. dwyeri'', '' C. steyermarkii'' and '' C. tumbesiana''), suggested that the species formerly recognized as ''

Maniltoa ''Cynometra'' (from Greek calque of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for '' C. cauliflora'' according to Rumphius) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution. Species of ''Cynometra'' are particularly important as fores ...

'' should be included in this genus and some of the mainland tropical African species (those with asterisk in the list below) excluded from this genus because of their jointed

pedicels In botany, a pedicel is a stem that attaches a single flower to the inflorescence In botany, an inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a plant's Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branch ...

and

dehiscent Dehiscence is the splitting of a mature plant structure along a built-in line of weakness to release its contents. This is common among fruits, anthers and sporangia. Sometimes this involves the complete detachment of a part. Structures that op ...

fruits (he has not yet published any new combination for them, though).

Species

113 species are currently accepted. The list below is based on

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. History Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...

and . * ''

Cynometra abrahamii ''Cynometra'' (from Greek calque of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for '' C. cauliflora'' according to Rumphius) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution. Species of ''Cynometra'' are particularly important as forest ...

'' * ''

Cynometra americana ''Cynometra'' (from Greek calque of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for '' C. cauliflora'' according to Rumphius) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution. Species of ''Cynometra'' are particularly important as forest ...

'' * '' Cynometra ananta'' * ''

Cynometra ankaranensis ''Cynometra'' (from Greek calque of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for '' C. cauliflora'' according to Rumphius) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution. Species of ''Cynometra'' are particularly important as forest ...

'' * ''

Cynometra aurita ''Cynometra'' (from Greek calque of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for '' C. cauliflora'' according to Rumphius) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution. Species of ''Cynometra'' are particularly important as forest ...

'' * ' * ''

Cynometra bauhiniifolia ''Cynometra'' (from Greek calque of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for '' C. cauliflora'' according to Rumphius) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution. Species of ''Cynometra'' are particularly important as forest ...

'' * '' Cynometra beddomei'' * '' Cynometra bourdillonii'' * ''

Cynometra brachymischa ''Cynometra'' (from Greek language, Greek calque of ''puki anjing'', local Malay name for ''Cynometra cauliflora, C. cauliflora'' according to Georg Eberhard Rumphius, Rumphius) is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution. ...

'' * '' Cynometra brachyrrhachis'' * ' * ''

Cynometra browneoides ''Cynometra browneoides'' is a flowering plant in the pea family (Fabaceae). Common names includes handkerchief tree and pokok sapu tangan.

'' * '' Cynometra capuronii'' * '' Cynometra cauliflora'' * '' Cynometra cebuensis'' * ' * '' Cynometra commersoniana'' * '' Cynometra congensis'' * '' Cynometra copelandii'' * '' Cynometra craibii'' * '' Cynometra crassifolia'' * '' Cynometra cubensis'' * '' Cynometra cuneata'' * ' * '' Cynometra dauphinensis'' * ' * ' * ' * ' * '' Cynometra engleri'' * '' Cynometra falcata'' * '' Cynometra filifera'' * '' Cynometra fissicuspis'' * '' Cynometra floretii'' * ' * '' Cynometra gillmanii''* * '' Cynometra glomerulata'' * '' Cynometra grandiflora'' (syn. ''Maniltoa grandiflora'' ) * ' * ' * '' Cynometra hemitomophylla'' * ' * '' Cynometra hostmanniana'' * '' Cynometra humboldtiana'' * '' Cynometra inaequifolia'' * '' Cynometra insularis'' * '' Cynometra iripa'' * '' Cynometra katikii'' * ''

Cynometra lenticellata ''Cynometra lenticellata'' is a flowering tropical tree in the family Fabaceae. It is native to tropical semi-deciduous rainforest and gallery forests in northern Queensland, some of the Torres Strait Islands, and New Guinea New Guinea (; ...

'' (syn. '' Maniltoa lenticellata'' ) * ' * ' * '' Cynometra longicuspis'' * '' Cynometra longifolia'' * '' Cynometra longipedicellata'' * '' Cynometra lujae'' * '' Cynometra lukei'' * '' Cynometra lyallii'' * '' Cynometra macrocarpa'' * '' Cynometra madagascariensis'' * ' * '' Cynometra mannii'' * '' Cynometra marginata'' * ' * '' Cynometra marleneae'' * '' Cynometra mayottensis'' * ' * '' Cynometra megalophylla'' * ' * ''

Cynometra minor ''Cynometra minor'' is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree found only in Fiji Fiji, officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north ...

'' (syn. '' Maniltoa minor'' ) * '' Cynometra minutiflora'' * ' * ' * '' Cynometra nyangensis'' * '' Cynometra oaxacana'' * '' Cynometra oddonii'' * ' * '' Cynometra parvifolia'' * '' Cynometra pedicellata'' * '' Cynometra pervilleana'' * '' Cynometra phaselocarpa'' * ' * '' Cynometra polyandra'' * '' Cynometra portoricensis'' * ''

Cynometra psilogyne ''Cynometra psilogyne'' (synonym ''Maniltoa psilogyne'') is a rainforest tree native to New Guinea, belonging to the family Fabaceae. Its young once-pinnate Pinnation (also called pennation) is the arrangement of feather-like or multi-divided ...

'' * '' Cynometra ramiflora'' * '' Cynometra retusa'' * ''

Cynometra rosea ''Cynometra rosea'' is a species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree endemic to New Guinea. It belongs to the subfamily Detarioideae The subfamily Detarioideae is one of the subdivisions of the plant family Fabaceae (legu ...

'' (syn. '' Maniltoa rosea'' ) * '' Cynometra roseiflora'' * '' Cynometra sakalava'' * ' * ' * '' Cynometra schlechteri'' * '' Cynometra schottiana'' * '* * '' Cynometra simplicifolia'' * '' Cynometra sphaerocarpa'' * ' * ' * ' * '' Cynometra suaheliensis'' * '' Cynometra travancorica'' * '' Cynometra trinitensis'' * ' * '' Cynometra ulugurensis'' * ''

Cynometra vestita ''Cynometra vestita'' is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree found only in Fiji, on the islands of Viti Levu and Vanua Levu Vanua Levu (pronounced , , ), formerly known as Sandalwood Island, is the second largest island o ...

'' (syn. ''Maniltoa vestita'' ) * '' Cynometra vitiensis'' (syn. ''Maniltoa floribunda'' ) * '' Cynometra vogelii'' * '' Cynometra warburgii'' * '' Cynometra webberi'' * ' * '' Cynometra zeylanica''

References

* Fabaceae genera Pantropical flora Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus {{Detarioideae-stub