''Cynodonichthys'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of freshwater

killifish A killifish is any of various oviparous (egg-laying) cyprinodontiform fish, including families Aplocheilidae, Pantanodontidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Nothobranchiidae, Profundulidae, Aphaniidae and Valenciidae. All together, there ar ...

in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Rivulidae The Rivulidae are a family (biology), family of killifishes in the order (biology), order Cyprinodontiformes. They are commonly known as rivulids, South American killifish or New World killifish. The latter names are slightly misleading, however, ...

. They are found in Middle America, ranging from southern Mexico (north to

Oaxaca Oaxaca, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca, is one of the 32 states that compose the political divisions of Mexico, Federative Entities of the Mexico, United Mexican States. It is divided into municipalities of Oaxaca, 570 munici ...

and the

Yucatán Peninsula The Yucatán Peninsula ( , ; ) is a large peninsula in southeast Mexico and adjacent portions of Belize and Guatemala. The peninsula extends towards the northeast, separating the Gulf of Mexico to the north and west of the peninsula from the C ...

), through Central America (where most species live), to

Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...

(in the northwest and the

Magdalena River The Magdalena River (, ; less commonly ) is the main river of Colombia, flowing northward about through the western half of the country. It takes its name from the biblical figure Mary Magdalene. It is navigable through much of its lower reaches, ...

basin).Vermeulen, F.B.M. (2013): Four new species of ''Rivulus'' Poey, 1860, subgenus ''Cynodonichthys'' Meek, 1904 (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from the Magdalena River Basin, Central Colombia, including notes on ''Rivulus (Cynodonichthys) elegans'' Steindachner, 1880. ''Killi-Data Series, 2013: 42-63.'' They are non-annual killifish (similar to relatives such as ''

Anablepsoides ''Anablepsoides'' is a genus of killifish in the family (biology), family Rivulidae native to tropical South America and the Lesser Antilles. The majority are from the Amazon basin, Amazon and Orinoco basins, as well as freshwater systems in the ...

'', ''

Atlantirivulus ''Atlantirivulus'' is a genus of fishes in the family Rivulidae. They are endemic to shallow swamps, creeks, streams and pools in the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil, ranging from Rio de Janeiro to Santa Catarina. Several of the species ...

'', ''

Laimosemion ''Laimosemion'' is a genus of fish in the family Rivulidae from the Amazon basin and basins in the Guiana Shield in tropical South America. They mostly inhabit small streams, creeks, swamps and pools in lowlands, but locally occur to an altitude ...

'' and ''

Melanorivulus ''Melanorivulus'' is a genus of South American freshwater fish in the family Rivulidae. Most species are endemic to the Río de la Plata, eastern Amazon (west to Tapajós basin), Tocantins– Araguaia and São Francisco basins in Brazil, but a ...

'') and inhabit small forest streams from the lowlands to an altitude of . They are small fish, up to in

total length Fish measurement is the measuring of individual fish and various parts of their anatomies, for data used in many areas of ichthyology, including taxonomy and fishery biology. Overall length Standard length (SL) is the length of a fish measured f ...

depending on the exact species.

Species

Until 2011, ''Cynodonichthys'' were included in ''

Rivulus ''Rivulus'' is a genus of small freshwater fish in the Cyprinodontiformes family Rivulidae. It was traditionally considered to be the largest genus in its family; however, the genus's size is currently in dispute. Wilson J. E. Costa split this g ...

'', and some prefer to maintain them in that genus. If recognized as a valid genus, there are currently 32 species in ''Cynodonichthys'': * '' Cynodonichthys azurescens'' ( Vermeulen, 2013) * '' Cynodonichthys birkhahni'' ( Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1992) * '' Cynodonichthys boehlkei'' (

Huber Huber is a German-language surname. It derives from the German word meaning hide, a unit of land a farmer might possess, granting them the status of a free tenant. It is in the top ten most common surnames in the German-speaking world, especial ...

& Fels, 1985) * '' Cynodonichthys brunneus'' (

Meek Meekness is an attribute of human nature and behavior that has been defined as an amalgam of righteousness, inner humility, and patience. Meekness has been contrasted with humility alone insomuch as humility simply refers to an attitude towards o ...

Hildebrand Hildebrand is a character from Germanic heroic legend. ''Hildebrand'' is the modern German form of the name: in Old High German it is ''Hiltibrant'' and in Old Norse ''Hildibrandr''. The word ''hild'' means "battle" and ''brand'' means "sword" ...

, 1913) * '' Cynodonichthys chucunaque'' ( Breder, 1925) * '' Cynodonichthys degreefi'' ( Collier, 2016)Collier, G.E. (2016): The ''Rivulus'' of Guatemala: ''Rivulus tenuis'' Meek, 1904, ''Rivulus godmani'' Regan, 1907 and ''Rivulus degreefi'' sp. nov. ''Journal of the American Killifish Association, 49 (2): 34-47.'' * '' Cynodonichthys elegans'' (

Steindachner Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner descri ...

, 1880) * '' Cynodonichthys frommi'' ( Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1993) * '' Cynodonichthys fuscolineatus'' ( W. A. Bussing, 1980) * '' Cynodonichthys glaucus'' ( W. A. Bussing, 1980) * '' Cynodonichthys godmani'' ( Regan, 1907) * '' Cynodonichthys hendrichsi'' (

Álvarez Álvarez or Álvares may refer to: People *Álvarez (surname), Spanish surname Places * Alvares (river), a river in northern Spain * Alvares (ski resort), in Iran * Alvares, Iran * Alvares, Portugal * Álvarez, Santa Fe, a town in the province of ...

& Carranza, 1952) * '' Cynodonichthys hildebrandi'' ( G. S. Myers, 1927) * '' Cynodonichthys isthmensis'' (

Garman Garman is a surname or first name. Notable people with the name include: Sports * Ann Garman, All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player * Judi Garman (born 1954), American softball coach * Mike Garman (born 1949), American baseball pla ...

, 1895) * '' Cynodonichthys kuelpmanni'' ( Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1993) * '' Cynodonichthys leucurus'' ( Fowler, 1944) * '' Cynodonichthys magdalenae'' ( C. H. Eigenmann &

Henn Henn is a both a surname and an Estonian masculine given name. Notable people with the name include: As a given name * Henn-Ants Kurg (1898–1943), Estonian military colonel and diplomat * Henn Pärn (born 1941), Estonian politician * Hen ...

, 1916) * '' Cynodonichthys monikae'' ( Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1995) * '' Cynodonichthys montium'' (

, 1938) * '' Cynodonichthys myersi'' ( C. L. Hubbs, 1936) * '' Cynodonichthys pacificus'' (

, 1992) * '' Cynodonichthys pivijay'' ( Vermeulen, 2013) * '' Cynodonichthys ribesrubrum'' ( Vermeulen, 2013) * '' Cynodonichthys rubripunctatus'' ( W. A. Bussing, 1980) * '' Cynodonichthys siegfriedi'' ( W. A. Bussing, 1980) * '' Cynodonichthys sucubti'' ( Breder, 1925) * '' Cynodonichthys tenuis''

, 1904 * '' Cynodonichthys uroflammeus'' ( W. A. Bussing, 1980) * '' Cynodonichthys villwocki'' ( Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1997) * '' Cynodonichthys wassmanni'' ( Berkenkamp & Etzel, 1999) * '' Cynodonichthys weberi'' (

, 1992) * '' Cynodonichthys xi'' ( Vermeulen, 2013)

References

Rivulidae Freshwater fish genera Taxa named by Seth Eugene Meek {{Rivulidae-stub