Cynaroside (also known as luteoloside) is a

flavone Flavone is an organic compound with the formula . A white solid, flavone is a derivative of chromone with a phenyl (Ph) substituent adjacent to the ether group. The compound is of little direct practical importance, but susbstituted derivatives, t ...

, a flavonoid-like chemical compound. It is a 7-O- glucoside of

luteolin Luteolin is a flavone, a type of flavonoid, with a yellow crystalline appearance. Luteolin is the principal yellow dye compound that is obtained from the plant ''Reseda luteola'', which has been used as a source of the dye since at least the firs ...

Natural occurrences

It can be found in ''

Ferula varia ''Ferula'' (from Latin ''ferula'', 'rod') is a genus of about 220 species of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region east to central Asia, mostly growing in arid climates. They are herbaceous perennial ...

'' and '' F. foetida'' in ''

Campanula persicifolia ''Campanula persicifolia'', the peach-leaved bellflower, is a flowering plant species in the family (biology), family Campanulaceae. It is an herbaceous plant, herbaceous perennial plant, perennial growing to . Its flowers are cup-shaped and can ...

'' and '' C. rotundifolia'', in the bamboo ''

Phyllostachys nigra ''Phyllostachys nigra'', commonly known as black bamboo or purple bamboo ( zh, 紫竹), is a species of bamboo, native to Hunan Province of China, and is widely cultivated elsewhere. Growing up to tall by broad, it forms clumps of slender arc ...

'', and in ''

Teucrium gnaphalodes ''Teucrium gnaphalodes'' is a plant species in the genus ''Teucrium''. It is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula and grows at altitudes between 200 and 1500 m. It flowers from March to July. The flavones diosmin, cirsimaritin, salvigenin, cirsili ...

''. ; In food It can be found in

dandelion ''Taraxacum'' () is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, which consists of species commonly known as dandelions. The scientific and hobby study of the genus is known as taraxacology. The genus is native to Eurasia and Nor ...

(the highest concentration in the flowers, but also in the roots) and in ''

Cynara scolymus The globe artichoke (''Cynara cardunculus'' var. ''scolymus'' ),Rottenberg, A., and D. Zohary, 1996: "The wild ancestry of the cultivated artichoke." Genet. Res. Crop Evol. 43, 53–58. also known by the names French artichoke and green articho ...

'' (artichoke).

Metabolism

Flavone 7-O-beta-glucosyltransferase In enzymology, a flavone 7-O-beta-glucosyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :UDP-glucose + 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone \rightleftharpoons UDP + 7-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone Thus, the two sub ...

adds a glucose to

. A

cynaroside 7-O-glucosidase Cynaroside (also known as luteoloside) is a flavone, a flavonoid-like chemical compound. It is a 7-O- glucoside of luteolin. Natural occurrences It can be found in ''Ferula varia'' and '' F. foetida'' in ''Campanula persicifolia'' and '' C. rot ...

has been identified in the artichoke.

Spectral data

References

{{flavone Flavone glucosides Catechols