Cylindroleberididae is a

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

ostracod Ostracods, or ostracodes, are a Class (biology), class of the crustacean, Crustacea (class Ostracoda), sometimes known as seed shrimp. Some 33,000 species (only 13,000 of which are extant taxon, extant) have been identified,Brandão, S.N.; Antoni ...

s that shows remarkable morphological diversity. The defining feature is the possession of gills: 7–8 leaf-like pairs at the posterior of the body. Other features common to all species in the family include a "baleen-comb" on both the

maxilla In vertebrates, the maxilla (: maxillae ) is the upper fixed (not fixed in Neopterygii) bone of the jaw formed from the fusion of two maxillary bones. In humans, the upper jaw includes the hard palate in the front of the mouth. The two maxil ...

and the fifth limb, a sword-shaped coxal endite on the mandible, and the triaenid bristles on the basal endites of the

mandible In jawed vertebrates, the mandible (from the Latin ''mandibula'', 'for chewing'), lower jaw, or jawbone is a bone that makes up the lowerand typically more mobilecomponent of the mouth (the upper jaw being known as the maxilla). The jawbone i ...

. Species of the Cylindroleberididae are found in marine areas, from shallow waters to depths of more than . Most species are approximately long. In 2006, there were 219 described species. A

fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserve ...

discovered in 2003 with preserved soft parts has been assigned to the Cylindroleberididae. The fossil appears to have

gill A gill () is a respiration organ, respiratory organ that many aquatic ecosystem, aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow r ...

s and is thought to date from .

Subtaxa

Cylindroleberididae contains the following subfamilies and genera. * Asteropteroninae Kornicker, 1981 **'' Actinoseta'' Kornicker, 1958 **'' Asteropteron'' Skogsberg, 1920 **'' Asteropterygion'' Kornicker, 1981 **'' Microasteropteron'' Poulsen, 1965 **'' Omegasterope'' Kornicker, 1981 **'' Pteromeniscus'' Kornicker, 1981 **†'' Siveterella'' Kornicker & Sohn, 2000 **†'' Triadocypris'' Weitschat, 1983 **†'' Triadogigantocypris'' Monostori, 1991 **'' Asteropella'' Poulsen, 1965 (nomen nudum) * Cyclasteropinae Poulsen, 1965 **'' Alphaleberis'' Kornicker, 1981 **'' Amboleberis'' Kornicker, 1981 **'' Cyclasterope'' Brady, 1897 **'' Cycloleberis'' Skogsberg, 1920 **†'' Eocypridina'' Kesling & Ploch, 1960 **'' Leuroleberis'' Kornicker, 1981 **†'' Mesoleberis'' Kornicker, van bakel, Fraaije & Jagt, 2006 **†'' Radiicypridina'' Bless, 1973 **'' Tetraleberis'' Kornicker, 1981 * Cylindroleberidinae Müller, 1906 **'' Archasterope'' Poulsen, 1965 **†'' Asteropina'' Strand, 1928 **'' Bathyleberis'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Bruuniella'' Poulsen, 1965 **'' Cylindroleberis'' Brady, 1867 **'' Diasterope'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Dolasterope'' Poulsen, 1965 **'' Domromeus'' Kornicker, 1989 **'' Empoulsenia'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Heptonema'' Poulsen, 1965 **'' Homasterope'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Monasterope'' Kornicker, 1991 **'' Parasterope'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Philippiella'' Poulsen, 1965 **'' Polyleberis'' Kornicker, 1974 **'' Postasterope'' Kornicker, 1986 **'' Prionotoleberis'' Kornicker, 1974 **'' Skogsbergiella'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Synasterope'' Kornicker, 1975 **'' Xandarasterope'' Kornicker in Kornicker & Poore, 1996 **'' Xenoleberis'' Kornicker, 1994 * Macroasteropteroninae Karanovic & Lörz, 2012 **'' Macroasteropteron'' Kornicker, 1994 *genera

incertae sedis or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...

**†'' Colymbosathon'' Siveter, Sutton, Briggs & Siveter, 2003 **†'' Juraleberis'' Vannier & Siveter, 1995 **†'' Nasunaris'' Siveter, Briggs, Siveter & Sutton, 2010 **†'' Pauline'' Siveter, Briggs, Siveter, Sutton & Joomun, 2012

References

External links

*
Interactive key to species
{{Authority control Myodocopida Ostracod families Extant Silurian first appearances