Proteins that bind cyclic nucleotides ( cAMP or

cGMP CGMP is an initialism. It can refer to: *cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) *current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) *CGMP, Cisco Group Management Protocol, the Cisco version of Internet Group Management Protocol The Internet Group Managem ...

) share a structural domain of about 120 residues. The best studied of these proteins is the prokaryotic catabolite gene activator (also known as the

cAMP receptor protein cAMP receptor protein (CRP; also known as catabolite activator protein, CAP) is a regulatory protein in bacteria. CRP protein binds cAMP, which causes a conformational change that allows CRP to bind tightly to a specific DNA site in the prom ...

) (gene crp) where such a domain is known to be composed of three alpha-helices and a distinctive eight-stranded, antiparallel beta-barrel structure. There are six invariant amino acids in this domain, three of which are glycine residues that are thought to be essential for maintenance of the structural integrity of the beta-barrel. cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinases (cAPK and cGPK) contain two tandem copies of the cyclic nucleotide-binding domain. The cAPK's are composed of two different subunits, a catalytic chain and a regulatory chain, which contains both copies of the domain. The cGPK's are single chain enzymes that include the two copies of the domain in their N-terminal section. Vertebrate cyclic nucleotide-gated ion-channels also contain this domain. Two such cations channels have been fully characterized, one is found in rod cells where it plays a role in visual signal transduction.

Human proteins containing this domain

CNBD1;

CNGA1 Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1, also known as CNGA1, is a human gene encoding an ion channel protein. Heterologously expressed CNGA1 can form a functional channel that is permeable to calcium. In rod photoreceptors, however, CNGA1 forms ...

;

CNGA2 Cyclic nucleotide gated channel alpha 2, also known as CNGA2, is a human gene encoding an ion channel protein. See also * Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel Cycle, cycles, or cyclic may refer to: Anthropology and social sciences * Cyclic h ...

; CNGA3; CNGB1; CNGB3;

HCN1 Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HCN1'' gene. Function Hyperpolarization-activated cation channels of the HCN gene family, such as HCN1, contribute ...

;

HCN2 Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HCN2'' gene. Interactions HCN2 has been shown to interact with HCN1 and HCN4. Function The function of the ...

;

HCN3 Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HCN3'' gene. See also * Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel Cycle, cycles, or cyclic may refer to: Anthropology and ...

;

HCN4 Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HCN4'' gene. There are four HCN channels. HCN4 is prominently expressed in the pace maker region of the mammalian hea ...

; KCNH1; KCNH2;

KCNH3 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KCNH3'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a voltage-gated potassium channel Voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs) are transmembr ...

;

KCNH4 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KCNH4'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a voltage-gated potassium channel Voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs) are transm ...

; KCNH5; KCNH6; KCNH7; KCNH8; PNPLA6; PNPLA7; PRKAR1A; PRKAR1B; PRKAR2A; PRKAR2B; PRKG1; PRKG2;

RAPGEF2 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAPGEF2'' gene. RAPGEF2 is a cyclic AMP binding protein. Function Members of the RAS subfamily of GTPases function in signal transduction as GTP/GDP-regul ...

;

RAPGEF3 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 also known as exchange factor directly activated by cAMP 1 (EPAC1) or cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor I (cAMP-GEFI) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAPGEF3'' gene. As the n ...

;

RAPGEF4 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 4 (RAPGEF4), also known as exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 2 (EPAC2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAPGEF4'' gene. Epac2 is a target of cAMP, a major second messenger in v ...

; RAPGEF6; RCNC2; SLC9A10;

SLC9A11 Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 11, also known as solute carrier family 9, member 11, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SLC9A11'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the M ...

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Human proteins containing this domain

References

Further reading