Cuthbert Esquire Dukes

OBE The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organisations, and public service outside the civil service. It was established o ...

(24 July 1890 – 3 February 1977) was an English

physician A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through th ...

pathologist Pathology is the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury. The word ''pathology'' also refers to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of biology research fields and medical practices. However, when used in t ...

and author, for whom the Dukes classification for colorectal cancer is named.

Career

Dukes was educated at

Caterham School (Truth without Fear) , established = , closed = , type = Public schoolIndependent day and boarding school , religious_affiliation = Protestant (United Reformed Church) , president = , head_label = Headmast ...

. He graduated with an

M.D. Doctor of Medicine (abbreviated M.D., from the Latin ''Medicinae Doctor'') is a medical degree, the meaning of which varies between different jurisdictions. In the United States, and some other countries, the M.D. denotes a professional degree. T ...

thesis entitled ''Effect of severe haemorrhage and shock on the condition of the blood'' from the

University of Edinburgh The University of Edinburgh ( sco, University o Edinburgh, gd, Oilthigh Dhùn Èideann; abbreviated as ''Edin.'' in post-nominals) is a public research university based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Granted a royal charter by King James VI in 15 ...

in 1914. His field of choice was pathology. He served in the

Royal Army Medical Corps The Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC) is a specialist corps in the British Army which provides medical services to all Army personnel and their families, in war and in peace. The RAMC, the Royal Army Veterinary Corps, the Royal Army Dental Corps ...

that was attached to the

Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort's Own) The Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort's Own) was an infantry rifle regiment of the British Army formed in January 1800 as the "Experimental Corps of Riflemen" to provide sharpshooters, scouts, and skirmishers. They were soon renamed the "Rifl ...

during

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

and was awarded the OBE for his services. After the war's end he became a demonstrator in

bacteriology Bacteriology is the branch and specialty of biology that studies the morphology, ecology, genetics and biochemistry of bacteria as well as many other aspects related to them. This subdivision of microbiology involves the identification, classific ...

University College In a number of countries, a university college is a college institution that provides tertiary education but does not have full or independent university status. A university college is often part of a larger university. The precise usage varies ...

in London, and in 1922, was the first pathologist to join the staff of

St Mark's Hospital St Mark's Hospital (informally St Mark's) is a hospital in Harrow, Greater London, England. Managed by London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, it is the only hospital in the world to specialise entirely in intestinal and colorectal me ...

. It was there that he began his recognized studies on the pathology of

colon cancer Colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine). Signs and symptoms may include blood in the stool, a change in bowel ...

. He wrote several books based on his findings. In 1924 he started the Polyposis Registry with

John Lockhart-Mummery John Percy Lockhart-Mummery FRCS (14 February 1875 – 24 April 1957), was a British surgeon at St Mark's Hospital, London, who devised a classification of rectal cancer and described familial polyposis which led to the formation of the polyp ...

which kept data on people with inherited multiple polyps. A meticulous researcher who took personal pleasure in the many cases in which his findings helped patients with colon cancer, Dukes, apparently in accordance to his humble

Quaker Quakers are people who belong to a historically Protestant Christian set of Christian denomination, denominations known formally as the Religious Society of Friends. Members of these movements ("theFriends") are generally united by a belie ...

faith, refused all honours despite the wishes of his former colleagues and lived quietly at his home in Wimbledon until his death at the age of 86. He was the younger brother of British playwright Ashley Dukes and

MI6 The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6 ( Military Intelligence, Section 6), is the foreign intelligence service of the United Kingdom, tasked mainly with the covert overseas collection and analysis of human intellige ...

agent

Sir Paul Dukes Sir Paul Henry Dukes (10 February 1889 – 27 August 1967) was a British MI6 officer and author. Early life and family Paul Henry Dukes was born the third of five children on 10 February 1889 in Bridgwater, Somerset, England. He was the ...

Selected publications

Books

* Dukes, Cuthbert (1924) ''Joseph Lister (1827-1912)'', London : Leonard Parsons.

Articles

* Dukes, Cuthbert (1935) "In the boyhood of the race" ''Friends' quarterly examiner''; Vol.69; no.274 (Fourth Month 1935), pp. 117–126 * Dukes, Cuthbert (1937) "What does Quakerism mean to me? ''Friends' quarterly examiner''; Vol.71; no.282 (Fourth Month 1937), p. 131-134

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Dukes, Cuthbert 1890 births 1977 deaths People educated at Caterham School Alumni of the University of Edinburgh Royal Army Medical Corps officers English pathologists English Christians English Quakers People from Bridgwater British Army personnel of World War I Presidents of the History of Medicine Society Recipients of the St Peter's Medal Military personnel from Somerset