''Curtitoma'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of sea snails,

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

gastropod

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is es ...

s in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Mangeliidae Mangeliidae is a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized, predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea. Bouchet, P. (2011). Mangeliidae P. Fischer, 1883. In: MolluscaBase (2016). Accessed through: World Reg ...

Description

This genus was introduced by

Paul Bartsch Paul Bartsch (14 August 1871 Tuntschendorf, Silesia – 24 April 1960 McLean, Virginia) was an American malacologist and carcinologist. He was named the last of those belonging to the "Descriptive Age of Malacology". Early life Bartsch emigrate ...

in 1941 to accommodate species with a distinct anal sinus and a

protoconch A protoconch (meaning first or earliest or original shell) is an embryonic or larval shell which occurs in some classes of molluscs, e.g., the initial chamber of an ammonite or the larval shell of a gastropod. In older texts it is also calle ...

sculptured with numerous fine threads, that were otherwise similar to the species in the genera '' Oenopota'' Moerch, 1852 and ''

Propebela ''Propebela'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Mangeliidae. Species Species within the genus ''Propebela'' include: * ''Propebela alaskensis'' (Dall, 1871) * '' Propebela alitakensis'' (Dall, 1919) * '' Propeb ...

'' Iredale, 1918. The shell has an ovoid shape and is short and stubby. The

whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane flo ...

s of the

teleoconch The gastropod shell is part of the body of a gastropod or snail, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium storage. So ...

are strongly tabulatedly shouldered and lack a keel at the angulation of the shoulder. The axial ribs show up strongly between the shoulder and the periphery, but disappear at the base of the shell. The spiral

sculpture Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...

consists of incised lines on the

spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spires are ...

and threads on the

columella Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the ...

. The

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An ...

is pear-shaped, decidedly channeled anteriorly and shows a feeble sinus at the shoulder.

Grammatical gender

The grammatical gender is feminine, as composed with the Greek noun τομή, an incision (gender: feminine). However often treated as neuter following Philippi (1836: 165, footnote) and others view of treating ''Pleurotoma'' as neuter. .

Species

Species within the genus ''Curtitoma'' include: * ''

Curtitoma bartschi ''Curtitoma bartschi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 5 mm and 10 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs off Japan and Urup ...

'' (Bogdanov, 1985) * ''

Curtitoma becklemishevi ''Curtitoma becklemishevi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 5 mm and 8 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs in the Sea of J ...

'' Bogdanov, 1989 * '' Curtitoma conoidea'' (Sars G. O., 1878) * ''

Curtitoma contraria ''Curtitoma contraria'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000&nbs ...

'' Bonfitto & Morassi, 2012 * ''

Curtitoma decussata ''Curtitoma decussata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 5 mm and 13 mm. The shell has an ovate-fusiform shape, with a moderate, scarc ...

'' (Couthouy, 1839) * ''

Curtitoma delicata ''Curtitoma delicata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae Mangeliidae is a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized, predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Con ...

'' (Okutani, 1964) * '' Curtitoma exquisita'' (Yokoyama, 1926) * ''

Curtitoma finmarchia ''Curtitoma finmarchia'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.Bouchet, P. (2017). Curtitoma finmarchia. In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinesp ...

'' (Friele, 1886) * ''

Curtitoma fiora ''Curtitoma fiora'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae. Description The length of the shell attains 11 mm. (Original description) The small shell is grayish white. It is acute, with a small ...

'' (Dall, 1919) * '' Curtitoma georgоssiani'' Merkuljev, 2017 * '' Curtitoma hebes'' (Verrill, 1880) * ''

Curtitoma hinae ''Curtitoma hinae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.Bouchet, P. (2011). Curtitoma hinae (Okutani, 1968). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www ...

'' (Okutani, 1968) * ''

Curtitoma incisula ''Curtitoma incisula'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 5.5 mm and 10.5 mm. (Original description) The shell is small, sub-fusiform, t ...

'' (Verrill, 1882) * ''

Curtitoma lawrenciana ''Curtitoma lawrenciana'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 6 mm and 18 mm. Distribution This species occurs in the Chukchi Sea, North ...

'' (Dall, 1919) * '' Curtitoma livida'' (Møller, 1842) * '' Curtitoma neymanae'' Bogdanov, 1989 * '' Curtitoma niigataensis'' Bogdanov & Ito, 1992 * ''

Curtitoma novajasemljensis ''Curtitoma novajasemljensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 4.9 mm and 33 mm. The shell has a yellowish ash-color. It is finely ...

'' (Leche, 1878) * ''

Curtitoma ovalis ''Curtitoma ovalis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 4.8 mm and 5.5 mm. The very small shell has a fusiform or subovate shape, with fo ...

'' (Friele, 1877) * ''

Curtitoma piltuniensis ''Curtitoma piltuniensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class c ...

'' (Bogdanov, 1985) * ''

Curtitoma trevelliana ''Curtitoma trevelliana'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 6 mm and 12 mm. The whitish shell is somewhat thin, ovately fusiform an ...

'' (Turton, 1834) * ''

Curtitoma violacea ''Curtitoma violacea'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae. Description The length of the shell varies between 5.5 mm and 16 mm. The shell is multicarinate, the interstices longitudinally ...

'' (Mighels & C.B Adams, 1842) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Curtitoma candita'' (Yokoyama, 1926): synonym of

Oenopota candida ''Oenopota candida'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.Bouchet, P. (2012). Oenopota candida (Yokoyama, 1926). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphi ...

(Yokoyama, 1926) * ''Curtitoma hecuba'' Bartsch, 1941: synonym of ''Curtitoma incisula'' (Verrill, 1882) * ''Curtitoma hokkaidoensis'' (Barsch, 1941): synonym of '' Obesotoma hokkaidoensis'' (Bartsch, 1941) * ''Curtitoma microvoluta'' (Okutani, 1964): synonym of ''

'' (Yokoyama, 1926) * ''Curtitoma novajasemliensis'' (Leche, 1878): synonym of ''Curtitoma novajasemljensis'' (Leche, 1878) * ''Curtitoma reticulata'' (Brown, 1827): synonym of ''Curtitoma trevelliana'' (Turton, 1834) * ''Curtitoma trevellianum'' (Turton W., 1834): synonym of ''Curtitoma trevelliana'' (Turton, 1834)

References

* Bouchet P., Kantor Yu.I., Sysoev A. & Puillandre N. (2011) ''A new operational classification of the Conoidea''. Journal of Molluscan Studies 77: 273-308.

External links

P Bartsch. "The Nomenclatorial Status of Certain Northern Turritid Mollusks"; Proceedings of the biological Society of Washington 54, 1-14, 1941

Tucker, J.K. 2004 ''Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda)''. Zootaxa 682:1-1295
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3176915 Gastropod genera