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''Cucumis'' is a genus of twining,
''Cucumis'' is a genus of twining, tendril
In botany, a tendril is a specialized Plant stem, stem, leaf or Petiole (botany), petiole with a thread-like shape used by climbing plants for support and attachment, as well as cellular invasion by parasitic plants such as ''Cuscuta''. There ar ...
-bearing plants in the family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Cucurbitaceae
The Cucurbitaceae (), also called cucurbits or the gourd family, are a plant family (biology), family consisting of about 965 species in 101 genera.
which includes the cucumber
The cucumber (''Cucumis sativus'') is a widely-cultivated creeping vine plant in the family Cucurbitaceae that bears cylindrical to spherical fruits, which are used as culinary vegetables.true melon
''Cucumis melo'', also known as melon, is a species of ''Cucumis'' that has been developed into many cultivated varieties. The fruit is a pepo. The flesh is either sweet or bland, with or without an aroma, and the rind can be smooth (such as ho ...
s (''Cucumis melo'', including cantaloupe
The cantaloupe ( ) is a type of true melon (''Cucumis melo'') with sweet, aromatic, and usually orange flesh. Originally, ''cantaloupe'' refers to the true cantaloupe or European cantaloupe with non- to slightly netted and often ribbed rind. ...
and honeydew), the horned melon
A melon is any of various plants of the family Cucurbitaceae with sweet, edible, and fleshy fruit. It can also specifically refer to ''Cucumis melo'', commonly known as the "true melon" or simply "melon". The term "melon" can apply to both the p ...
(''Cucumis metuliferus
''Cucumis metuliferus'', commonly called the African horned cucumber (shortened to horned cucumber), horned melon, spiked melon, jelly melon, or kiwano, is an annual vine in the cucumber and melon family Cucurbitaceae. Its fruit has horn-like ...
''), and the West Indian gherkin ('' Cucumis anguria'').
30 species occur in Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
, and 25 occur in India
India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...
, Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...
, and Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
. However, ''Cucumis myriocarpus
''Cucumis myriocarpus'', the gooseberry cucumber, gooseberry gourd, paddy melon, mallee pear or prickly paddy melon, is a prostrate or climbing annual herb native to tropical and southern Africa.Borger, John, "Paddy and Afghan Melons", July 200 ...
'' was introduced to Australia from Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa is the area and regions of the continent of Africa that lie south of the Sahara. These include Central Africa, East Africa, Southern Africa, and West Africa. Geopolitically, in addition to the list of sovereign states and ...
, and is regarded as an invasive species
An invasive species is an introduced species that harms its new environment. Invasive species adversely affect habitats and bioregions, causing ecological, environmental, and/or economic damage. The term can also be used for native spec ...
.
Species
,Plants of the World Online
Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
History
Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...
accepted 61 species:
*''Cucumis aculeatus
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''Cucumis'' is a genus of twining, tendril-bearing plants in the family Cucurbitaceae which includes the cucumber (''Cucumis sativus''), true melons (''Cucumis melo'', including cantaloupe and honeydew), the horned melon (''Cucumis ...
'' Cogn.
*''Cucumis aetheocarpus
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''Cucumis'' is a genus of twining, tendril-bearing plants in the family Cucurbitaceae which includes the cucumber (''Cucumis sativus''), true melons (''Cucumis melo'', including cantaloupe and honeydew), the horned melon (''Cucumis ...
'' (C.Jeffrey) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis africanus'' L.f.
*'' Cucumis althaeoides'' (Ser.) P.Sebastian & I.Telford
*'' Cucumis anguria'' L.
*'' Cucumis argenteus'' (Domin) P.Sebastian & I.Telford
*'' Cucumis asper'' Cogn.
*'' Cucumis baladensis'' Thulin
*'' Cucumis bryoniifolius'' (Merxm.) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis canoxyi'' Thulin & Al-Gifri
*''Cucumis carolinus
__NOTOC__
''Cucumis'' is a genus of twining, tendril-bearing plants in the family Cucurbitaceae which includes the cucumber (''Cucumis sativus''), true melons (''Cucumis melo'', including cantaloupe and honeydew), the horned melon ('' Cucumis ...
'' J.H.Kirkbr.
*'' Cucumis cinereus'' (Cogn.) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis clavipetiolatus'' (J.H.Kirkbr.) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis costatus'' I.Telford
*'' Cucumis debilis'' W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes
*''Cucumis dipsaceus
''Cucumis dipsaceus'', also known as Arabian cucumber or hedgehog cucumber, is an annual climbing herb that can be found in tropical and arid locations. The plant is native to eastern Africa, first found in Sudan, southern Egypt, and Ethiopia. Th ...
'' Ehrenb. ex Spach
*'' Cucumis engleri'' (Gilg) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis ficifolius'' A.Rich.
*'' Cucumis globosus'' C.Jeffrey
*'' Cucumis gracilis'' (Kurz) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis hastatus'' Thulin
*'' Cucumis heptadactylus'' Naudin
*'' Cucumis hirsutus'' Sond.
*''Cucumis humifructus
''Cucumis humifructus'', the aardvark cucumber or aardvark pumpkin, is a kind of cucumber (family Cucurbitaceae) from southern and tropical Africa which fruits underground. It is a prostrate vine up to in length. It is reliant on the aardvark ( ...
'' Stent (as ''Cucumis humofructus'')
*'' Cucumis hystrix'' Chakrav.
*'' Cucumis indicus'' Ghebret. & Thulin
*''Cucumis insignis
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''Cucumis'' is a genus of vine, twining, tendril-bearing plants in the Family (biology), family Cucurbitaceae which includes the cucumber (''Cucumis sativus''), true melons (''Cucumis melo'', including cantaloupe and Honeydew (melon), ...
'' C.Jeffrey
*'' Cucumis javanicus'' (Miq.) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis jeffreyanus'' Thulin
*'' Cucumis kalahariensis'' A.Meeuse
*'' Cucumis kelleri'' (Cogn.) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis kirkbridei'' Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis leiospermus'' (Wight & Arn.) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis maderaspatanus'' L.
*'' Cucumis meeusei'' C.Jeffrey
*''Cucumis melo
''Cucumis melo'', also known as melon, is a species of ''Cucumis'' that has been developed into many cultivated varieties. The fruit is a pepo. The flesh is either sweet or bland, with or without an aroma, and the rind can be smooth (such as ho ...
'' L.
*'' Cucumis messorius'' (C.Jeffrey) Ghebret. & Thulin
*''Cucumis metuliferus
''Cucumis metuliferus'', commonly called the African horned cucumber (shortened to horned cucumber), horned melon, spiked melon, jelly melon, or kiwano, is an annual vine in the cucumber and melon family Cucurbitaceae. Its fruit has horn-like ...
'' E.Mey. ex Naudin
*''Cucumis myriocarpus
''Cucumis myriocarpus'', the gooseberry cucumber, gooseberry gourd, paddy melon, mallee pear or prickly paddy melon, is a prostrate or climbing annual herb native to tropical and southern Africa.Borger, John, "Paddy and Afghan Melons", July 200 ...
'' Naudin
*'' Cucumis omissus'' Thulin
*'' Cucumis picrocarpus'' F.Muell.
*'' Cucumis prophetarum'' L.
*''Cucumis pubituberculatus
__NOTOC__
''Cucumis'' is a genus of twining, tendril-bearing plants in the family Cucurbitaceae which includes the cucumber (''Cucumis sativus''), true melons (''Cucumis melo'', including cantaloupe and honeydew), the horned melon (''Cucumis ...
'' Thulin
*'' Cucumis pustulatus'' Naudin ex Hook.f.
*'' Cucumis queenslandicus'' I.Telford
*'' Cucumis quintanilhae'' R.Fern. & A.Fern.
*'' Cucumis reticulatus'' (A.Fern. & R.Fern.) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis rigidus'' E.Mey. ex Sond.
*'' Cucumis ritchiei'' (C.B.Clarke) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis rostratus'' J.H.Kirkbr.
*'' Cucumis rumphianus'' (Scheff.) H.Schaef.
*'' Cucumis sacleuxii'' Paill. & Bois
*'' Cucumis sagittatus'' Wawra & Peyr.
*''Cucumis sativus'' L., cucumber
The cucumber (''Cucumis sativus'') is a widely-cultivated creeping vine plant in the family Cucurbitaceae that bears cylindrical to spherical fruits, which are used as culinary vegetables.Cucumis setosus'' Cogn.
*'' Cucumis silentvalleyi'' (Manilal, T.Sabu & P.Mathew) Ghebret. & Thulin
*'' Cucumis thulinianus'' J.H.Kirkbr.
*'' Cucumis umbellatus'' I.Telford
*'' Cucumis variabilis'' P.Sebastian & I.Telford
*'' Cucumis zambianus'' Widrl., J.H.Kirkbr., Ghebret. & K.R.Reitsma
*'' Cucumis zeyheri'' Sond.
(online)
* Telford, I. R. H., P. M. Sebastian, J. J. Bruhl, and S. S. Renner. 2011. Cucumis (Cucurbitaceae) in Australia and eastern Malesia, including newly recognized species and the sister species to C. melo. Systematic Botany 36(2): 376-38
(online)
*
{{Authority control Cucurbitaceae genera Benincaseae Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
See also
*Bailan melon
The Bailan melon () is a locally famous melon grown near Lanzhou, the capital city of Gansu province in the People's Republic of China.
It is a variety of honeydew melon, globose to subglobose and typically has white skin with sweet, white or p ...
* Galia melon
* Gaya melon
The Gaya melon, also known as the ivory gaya, snowball, sweet snowball, ghost, dino(saur), dino(saur) egg, snow leopard, matice, matisse, sugar baby, and silver star melons, is a small to big-sized honeydew cultivar developed originally in Japa ...
* Hami melon
''Hami melon'' is an umbrella term for sweet melon varieties from Xinjiang, China, especially from Hami. This fruit is also referred to as the Chinese Hami melon or the snow melon. The outer color is generally white through pink or yellow thro ...
* Korean melon
The oriental melon (''Cucumis melo'' Makuwa Group) is a group of ''Cucumis melo'' cultivars that are produced in East Asia. Phylogenetic studies tracing the genetic lineage of the plant suggest that it may have originated in eastern India, having ...
* Santa Claus melon
* Sugar melon
A sugar melon is a type of cantaloupe that is about in diameter
In geometry, a diameter of a circle is any straight line segment that passes through the centre of the circle and whose endpoints lie on the circle. It can also be defined as th ...
* Winter melon
''Benincasa hispida'', the wax gourd, also called ash gourd, white gourd, winter gourd, winter melon, tallow gourd, ash pumpkin, Chinese preserving melon, is a vine grown for its very large fruit, eaten as a vegetable when mature.
It is nat ...
References
Further reading
* Ghebretinsae, A. G., Thulin, M. & Barber, J. C. (2007). Relationships of cucumbers and melons unraveled: molecular phylogenetics of ''Cucumis'' and related genera (Benincaseae, Cucurbitaceae). ''American Journal of Botany'' 94(7): 1256–1266. * * Sebastian, P. M., H. Schaefer, I. R. H. Telford, and S. S. Renner. 2010. Cucumber and melon have their wild progenitors in India, and the sister species of Cucumis melo is from Australia" ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences'' 107(32) 14269–1427(online)
* Telford, I. R. H., P. M. Sebastian, J. J. Bruhl, and S. S. Renner. 2011. Cucumis (Cucurbitaceae) in Australia and eastern Malesia, including newly recognized species and the sister species to C. melo. Systematic Botany 36(2): 376-38
(online)
*
External links
{{Authority control Cucurbitaceae genera Benincaseae Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus