
The Cuban Rap Agency (Agencia Cubana de Rap) is an industry subsidized by the
Cuban government
Cuba is communist and has had a socialist political system since 1961 based on the "one state, one party" principle. Cuba is constitutionally defined as a single-party Marxist–Leninist socialist republic with semi-presidential powers. The pre ...
aimed at aiding
Cuban hip hop artists in attaining radio exposure and recording contracts. Founded in 2002, the Cuban Rap Agency seeks out talented
Cuba
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba (largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and List of islands of Cuba, 4,195 islands, islets and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the ...
n
hip hop
Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hip- ...
artists in order to promote hip-hop in Cuba.
The CRA provides a state-run record label named
La Fabri-k to help promote
hip-hop
Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hi ...
on the island. The two main groups that make up the
La Fabri-k label are
Obsesion and
Doble Filo. An important part of their style is live musicianship, underlining a mixture of traditional percussion, guitar, violin, cello, saxophone and piano all layered under rhym
The CRA is an example of the growing
nationalization
Nationalization (nationalisation in British English)
is the process of transforming privately owned assets into public assets by bringing them under the public ownership of a national government or state. Nationalization contrasts with p ...
of
rap and music in general in Cuba. Indeed, in 1999,
Abel Prieto, the minister of Culture, declared rap to be " an authentic expression of Cuban culture".
Skeptics charge the organization with the marginalization of
hip-hop
Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hi ...
in
Cuba
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba (largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and List of islands of Cuba, 4,195 islands, islets and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the ...
. Intrinsic to the Cuban Rap Agency's mission of increasing exposure of Cuban hip-hop is an emphasis on the commercialization of the music. This in addition to the growing materialism in Cuba has put pressure on artists signed by the agency to adopt a more commercially viable sound such as
reggaeton
Reggaeton (, ) is a modern style of popular music, popular and electronic music that originated in Panamanian reggaetón, Panama during the late 1980s, and which rose to prominence in the late 1990s and early 2000s through a plethora of Puert ...
. According to journalist
Jessica Thurston of ''
The Tartan'', the Cuban Rap Agency leads
hip-hop
Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hi ...
artists to ''"abandon their ideals and minimize the ability of any group to cause change."'' The agency's growing number of reggaeton artists and decreasing number of hip-hop artists causes concern with the shift in messages that these two genres of music represent. Hip-hop in Cuba was embraced so quickly because contained a revolutionary social message which to many resonates with the Cuban revolution. On the other hand, Thurston characterizes reggaeton as the genre that ''"celebrates the trivial lifestyle of bars, dancing, and objectifying women"''. Many view the Cuban Rap Agency as a threat to the future of underground hip-hop in Cuba.
The Cuban Rap Agency rejects these accusations, claiming that the CRA is beneficial for the
hip-hop
Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hi ...
community in
Cuba
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba (largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and List of islands of Cuba, 4,195 islands, islets and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the ...
. CRA director
Susan Garcia Amorós asserts that the rappers endorsed by the organization ''"have rapped their own way."'' Journalist
Antonio Paneque Brizuela of ''
La Revista Cubana de Hip Hop'' interprets this quotation to mean that CRA artists have impacted the development of other musical styles.
Upon its initiation, the CRA consisted of three major
rap groups:
Cubanitos 2002, Alto Voltaje and Cubanos en
la Red. The number of recording artists that existed beneath the CRA's jurisdiction fluctuated until 2004. At that point, many "rap" and "
hip-hop
Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hi ...
" artists had withdrawn from the organization, providing for an unprecedented distribution of
reggaeton
Reggaeton (, ) is a modern style of popular music, popular and electronic music that originated in Panamanian reggaetón, Panama during the late 1980s, and which rose to prominence in the late 1990s and early 2000s through a plethora of Puert ...
. A rift gradually formed between the CRA and the more
hip-hop
Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hi ...
centered
Asociación Hermanos Saíz. The
AHS, however, is not a government-endorsed institution, and instead a function of the
Union of Young Communists. The
AHS maintains a similar critique to that of
Jessica Thurston, openly criticizing the genre at the 8th Congress of the
Union of Young Communists in 2005.
[Baker, G: "The Politics of Dancing," "Reading Reggaeton," 2008.]
References
{{reflist
External links
Papo Record at MySpaceRap concert by the Cuban Rap Agency
Cuban hip-hop