Cryptista is a clade of alga-like

eukaryote The eukaryotes ( ) constitute the Domain (biology), domain of Eukaryota or Eukarya, organisms whose Cell (biology), cells have a membrane-bound cell nucleus, nucleus. All animals, plants, Fungus, fungi, seaweeds, and many unicellular organisms ...

s. It is most likely related to

Archaeplastida The Archaeplastida (or kingdom Plantae '' sensu lato'' "in a broad sense"; pronounced ) are a major group of eukaryotes, comprising the photoautotrophic red algae (Rhodophyta), green algae, land plants, and the minor group glaucophytes. It als ...

which includes plants and many algae, within the larger group

Diaphoretickes Diaphoretickes is a major group of eukaryote, eukaryotic organisms spanning over 400,000 species. The majority of the earth's biomass that carries out photosynthesis belongs to Diaphoretickes. In older classification systems, members of the Diaph ...

. Other characteristic features of cryptophyte mtDNAs include large syntenic clusters resembling α-proteobacterial operons that encode bacteria-like rRNAs, tRNAs, and ribosomal protein genes. Additionally, they are an evolutionarily significant lineage found in mostly marine, glacial and freshwater environments. Although it has sometimes placed along with

Haptista Haptista is a proposed group of protists made up of centrohelids and haptophytes. Phylogenomic studies indicate that Haptista, together with ''Ancoracysta twista'', forms a sister clade to the SAR supergroup#Internal phylogeny, TSAR Supergroup (b ...

in the group

Hacrobia The cryptomonads-haptophytes assemblage is a proposed but disputed monophyletic grouping of unicellular eukaryotes that are not included in the SAR supergroup. Several alternative names have been used for the group, including Hacrobia (derived ...

, within the kingdom

Chromista Chromista is a proposed but polyphyletic obsolete Biology, biological Kingdom (biology), kingdom, refined from the Chromalveolata, consisting of single-celled and multicellular eukaryotic species that share similar features in their Photosynthesi ...

, most recent studies have found that Hacrobia is not a clade. For example, in 2016, a broad phylogenomic study found that cryptists fall within the group

, while haptophytes are closely related to the

SAR supergroup SAR is a highly diverse clade of eukaryotes, often considered a supergroup, that includes stramenopiles (heterokonts), alveolates, and rhizarians. It is a node-based taxon (under the Sar name), including all descendants of the three groups' ...

Taxonomy

Based on studies done by Cavalier-Smith, Chao & Lewis 2015 * Corbihelia ** Clade Endohelia Cavalier-Smith 2015 *** Clade Endohelea Cavalier-Smith 2012 * Clade Cryptista s.s. ** Clade Palpitophyta Tedersoo 2017 *** Clade

Palpitea Palpitea is a proposed clade of eukaryotes that are related to Archaeplastida and the SAR supergroup SAR is a highly diverse clade of eukaryotes, often considered a supergroup, that includes stramenopiles (heterokonts), alveolates, and rh ...

Cavalier-Smith 2012 ** Clade Rollomonadia Cavalier-Smith 2013 stat. nov. *** Clade Kathablepharidophyta Okamoto & Inouye 2005 eucocrypta Cavalier-Smith 2015**** Clade Leucocryptea Cavalier-Smith 2004 athablepharidea (sic) Okamoto & Inouye 2005; Kathablepharidophyceae*** Clade

Cryptophyta The cryptomonads (or cryptophytes) are a Class (biology), superclass of algae, most of which have chloroplast, plastids. They are traditionally considered a Division (taxonomy), division of algae among phycologists, under the name of Cryptophyta ...

Pascher 1913 em. Adl et al. 2012 ( Cryptomonada Cavalier-Smith 2004 sta. n.] **** Clade

Goniomonadea Goniomonadea is a proposed class of cryptomonads which includes the orders Goniomonadida and Hemiarmida. Taxonomy * Order Goniomonadida Novarino & Lucas 1993 oniomonadales Novarino & Lucas 1993** Family Goniomonadidae Hill 1991 oniomonada ...

Cavalier-Smith 1993 **** Clade

Cryptophyceae The cryptophyceae are a class of algae, most of which have plastids. About 230 species are known, and they are common in freshwater, and also occur in marine and brackish habitats. Each cell is around 10–50 μm in size and flattened in shape ...

Fritsch 1937 https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Character-evolution-in-the-Cryptista-a-The-phylogenetic-relationship-among_fig6_261519725

References

External links

Tree of Life: Hacrobia
Infrakingdoms Taxa named by Thomas Cavalier-Smith {{Cryptista-stub