''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...

s in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae () is a family (biology), family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with Petiole ( ...

. The species are annual herbs found from the

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern ...

Central Asia Central Asia is a region of Asia consisting of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The countries as a group are also colloquially referred to as the "-stans" as all have names ending with the Persian language, Pers ...

and the

Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula (, , or , , ) or Arabia, is a peninsula in West Asia, situated north-east of Africa on the Arabian plate. At , comparable in size to India, the Arabian Peninsula is the largest peninsula in the world. Geographically, the ...

. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturalized in northern

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

, southern

Oregon Oregon ( , ) is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is a part of the Western U.S., with the Columbia River delineating much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while t ...

(

Josephine County Josephine County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 88,090. The county seat is Grants Pass. The county is named after Virginia Josephine Rollins (1834–1912), a settler who was t ...

), and

Idaho Idaho ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest and Mountain states, Mountain West subregions of the Western United States. It borders Montana and Wyoming to the east, Nevada and Utah to the south, and Washington (state), ...

( Clearwater County).Biota of North America Program, ''Crucianella angustifolia''
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Species

*''

Crucianella aegyptiaca ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturaliz ...

'' L. *'' Crucianella angustifolia'' L. *'' Crucianella arabica'' Schönb.-Tem. &

Ehrend. Friedrich Ehrendorfer (26 July 1927 – 28 November 2023) was an Austrian botanist who was professor emeritus of plant systematics at the Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna. He was an honorary member of the America ...

*'' Crucianella baldschuanica'' Krasch. *''

Crucianella bithynica ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturaliz ...

Boiss. Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Switzerland, Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician. He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daugh ...

*''

Crucianella bouarfae ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturaliz ...

'' Andreonszkyu *''

Crucianella bucharica ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturaliz ...

'' B.Fedtsch. *''

Crucianella chlorostachys ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturaliz ...

'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. *''

Crucianella ciliata ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturaliz ...

'' Lam. *''

Crucianella disticha ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturaliz ...

*'' Crucianella divaricata'' Korovin *'' Crucianella exasperata'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. *'' Crucianella filifolia'' Regel & Schmalh. *'' Crucianella gilanica'' Trin. *'' Crucianella graeca''

*'' Crucianella hirta'' Pomel *'' Crucianella imbricata''

*'' Crucianella kurdistanica'' Malin. *'' Crucianella latifolia'' L. *''

Crucianella macrostachya ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean Basin, Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One spec ...

*'' Crucianella maritima'' L. *'' Crucianella membranacea''

*'' Crucianella parviflora''

*'' Crucianella patula'' L. *'' Crucianella platyphylla''

& Schönb.-Tem. *'' Crucianella sabulosa'' Korovin & Krasch. *'' Crucianella schischkinii'' Lincz. *'' Crucianella sintenisii'' Bornm. *''

Crucianella sorgerae ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean Basin, Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One spec ...

*'' Crucianella suaveolens'' C.A.Mey. *'' Crucianella transjordanica'' Rech.f.

Image gallery

Crucianella angustifolia.JPG, '' Crucianella angustifolia'' Crucianella maritima 1.JPG, '' Crucianella maritima''

References

External links

World Checklist of Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae genera Rubieae Flora of Europe Flora of Central Asia Flora of California Flora of Oregon Flora of Idaho {{Rubioideae-stub