''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of ...

s in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Rubiaceae The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules ...

. The species are annual herbs found from the

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on th ...

Central Asia Central Asia, also known as Middle Asia, is a region of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north. It includes the former ...

and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturalized in northern

California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the ...

, southern

Oregon Oregon () is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of its eastern boundary with Idah ...

(

Josephine County Josephine County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 88,090. The county seat is Grants Pass. The county is probably named after a stream in the area called Josephine Creek, which in ...

), and

Idaho Idaho ( ) is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. To the north, it shares a small portion of the Canada–United States border with the province of British Columbia. It borders the states of Montana and W ...

( Clearwater County).Biota of North America Program, ''Crucianella angustifolia''
/ref>

Species

*''

Crucianella aegyptiaca ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' L. *''

Crucianella angustifolia ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' L. *''

Crucianella arabica ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' Schönb.-Tem. &

Ehrend. Friedrich Ehrendorfer (born 26 July 1927 in Vienna) is a professor emeritus of plant systematics at the Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna. He is an honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences ...

*''

Crucianella baldschuanica ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' Krasch. *''

Crucianella bithynica ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

Boiss. Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician. He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierr ...

*''

Crucianella bouarfae ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' Andreonszkyu *''

Crucianella bucharica ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' B.Fedtsch. *''

Crucianella chlorostachys ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

Fisch. Friedrich Ernst Ludwig Fischer (20 February 1782, Halberstadt – 17 June 1854) was a Russian botanist, born in Germany. He was director of the St Petersburg botanical garden from 1823 to 1850. In 1804 he obtained his medical doctorate from th ...

& C.A.Mey. *''

Crucianella ciliata ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' Lam. *''

Crucianella disticha ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

*''

Crucianella divaricata ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' Korovin *''

Crucianella exasperata ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

& C.A.Mey. *''

Crucianella filifolia ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' Regel & Schmalh. *''

Crucianella gilanica ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean Basin, Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One spec ...

'' Trin. *''

Crucianella graeca ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

*''

Crucianella hirta ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' Pomel *'' Crucianella imbricata''

*'' Crucianella kurdistanica'' Malin. *''

Crucianella latifolia ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' L. *''

Crucianella macrostachya ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

*''

Crucianella maritima ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' L. *''

Crucianella membranacea ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

*'' Crucianella parviflora''

*'' Crucianella patula'' L. *''

Crucianella platyphylla ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

& Schönb.-Tem. *''

Crucianella sabulosa ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' Korovin & Krasch. *''

Crucianella schischkinii ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' Lincz. *''

Crucianella sintenisii ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' Bornm. *''

Crucianella sorgerae ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

*''

Crucianella suaveolens ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' C.A.Mey. *''

Crucianella transjordanica ''Crucianella'' (common name crossworts) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The species are annual herbs found from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. One species ('' C. angustifolia'') is naturali ...

'' Rech.f.

Image gallery

Crucianella angustifolia.JPG, ''

'' Crucianella maritima 1.JPG, ''

References

External links

World Checklist of Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae genera Rubieae Flora of Europe Flora of Central Asia Flora of California Flora of Oregon Flora of Idaho {{Rubioideae-stub