Croviana
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Croviana (local dialect: ''Croviàna'') is a ''
comune A (; : , ) is an administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions () and provinces (). The can also have the City status in Italy, titl ...
'' (municipality) in
Trentino Trentino (), officially the Autonomous Province of Trento (; ; ), is an Autonomous province#Italy, autonomous province of Italy in the Northern Italy, country's far north. Trentino and South Tyrol constitute the Regions of Italy, region of Tren ...
in the northern
Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance languag ...
region
Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol ( ; ; ), often known in English as Trentino-South Tyrol or by its shorter Italian name Trentino-Alto Adige, is an Regions of Italy#Autonomous regions with special statute, autonomous region of Italy, located in the ...
, located about northwest of
Trento Trento ( or ; Ladin language, Ladin and ; ; ; ; ; ), also known in English as Trent, is a city on the Adige, Adige River in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol in Italy. It is the capital of the Trentino, autonomous province of Trento. In the 16th ...
. Croviana borders the following municipalities: Malè,
Cles Cles (; Nones dialect, Nones: ''Clés'' or ''Cliès'') is a town and ''Communes of Trentino, comune'' in Trentino, in the Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol region of northern Italy. It is the main town of Val di Non. It is the main town of and is lo ...
and
Dimaro Folgarida Dimaro Folgarida is a ''comune'' in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about northwest of the provincial capital Trento. As of 1 January 2015, it had a population of 2,206 and an area of . Dimaro Folga ...
The village of Croviana is an ancient settlement located in the valley floor, historically serving as an agricultural, artisanal, and commercial center. Its location also makes it attractive from a tourist perspective. The village is divided into three areas: Carbonara to the southeast, Liciasa to the southwest towards Monclassico, and Croviana to the north towards Malé. The origins of Croviana date back to the 1200s, when the toponym was documented for the first time. It derives from the Latin name ''Corvius'' with the suffix ''-ana''. Located in the Val di Sole, the territory of Croviana was a Roman colony and hosted human settlements since prehistoric times.


Demographic evolution

Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8) ImageSize = width:455 height:303 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:1000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:1000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:200 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo BarData= bar:1921 text:1921 bar:1931 text:1931 bar:1936 text:1936 bar:1951 text:1951 bar:1961 text:1961 bar:1971 text:1971 bar:1981 text:1981 bar:1991 text:1991 bar:2001 text:2001 bar:2004 text:2004 bar:2014 text:2014 bar:2024 text:2024 PlotData= color:barra width:20 align:left bar:1921 from: 0 till:332 bar:1931 from: 0 till:357 bar:1936 from: 0 till:373 bar:1951 from: 0 till:417 bar:1961 from: 0 till:428 bar:1971 from: 0 till:464 bar:1981 from: 0 till:450 bar:1991 from: 0 till:506 bar:2001 from: 0 till:597 bar:2004 from: 0 till:612 bar:2014 from: 0 till:689 bar:2024 from: 0 till:687 PlotData= bar:1921 at:332 fontsize:XS text: 332 shift:(-8,5) bar:1931 at:357 fontsize:XS text: 357 shift:(-8,5) bar:1936 at:373 fontsize:XS text: 373 shift:(-8,5) bar:1951 at:417 fontsize:XS text: 417 shift:(-8,5) bar:1961 at:428 fontsize:XS text: 428 shift:(-8,5) bar:1971 at:464 fontsize:XS text: 464 shift:(-8,5) bar:1981 at:450 fontsize:XS text: 450 shift:(-8,5) bar:1991 at:506 fontsize:XS text: 506 shift:(-8,5) bar:2001 at:597 fontsize:XS text: 597 shift:(-8,5) bar:2004 at:612 fontsize:XS text: 612 shift:(-8,5) bar:2014 at:689 fontsize:XS text: 689 shift:(-8,5) bar:2024 at:687 fontsize:XS text: 687 shift:(-8,5) TextData= fontsize:S pos:(30,10) text:Data from ISTAT


Monuments


Religious Architecture

Church of San Giorgio. The church, located beside the main road, is noteworthy for its architecture and the works of art it contains. It is mentioned in the 14th century and was rebuilt in the beautiful Gothic style we see today around the late 15th century or early 16th century. The fresco in the tympanum (Saint George; with the Caldes Castle in the background) is from 1611. The tombstone next to the door is from 1551. The interior features a single nave: the ribs of the vaulted ceiling rest on half-columns, without capitals, or in the apse, on anthropomorphic brackets. The decoration is floral. Notable is the Baroque chapel of the Pezzen family, who had their coat of arms prominently displayed there. The ceiling and lunettes feature frescoes from 1661, depicting stories of the Madonna and musical angels (note the details). The wooden altar was commissioned in 1613 by G.B. Pezzen, Baron of Altspaur and Belfort. It features a beautiful 17th-century painting of the Madonna with Saints George and Margaret. To the right of the chapel is a painted panel (18th century) of the crowned Madonna with Saints George, Margaret, Sebastian, and Roch.


Military Architecture

Castle of Croviana. Near the church stands the 17th-century Pezzen Castle, a family from Valtellina. This noble residence, with a square tower to the northeast, an angular turret, a beautiful Baroque portal, traces of frescoes, and a hall, was, after the Pezzen family, owned by the Thun family and later by the Taddei de Salis family from Tirano. A curious episode is told about a monumental stove in the castle, where a volunteer from the Free Corps hid for several days, with the benevolent complicity of the de Salis family, known Lombard patriots, after the unfortunate battle of Malé on April 20, 1848. In the basement, there is said to be a hidden treasure, and the souls of the "evil castle dwellers" are said to be turned into toads. Additionally, next to the church is a Monument to the Fallen, commemorating the victims of both World War I and World War II from the village. Croviana Airport. In Croviana, there was also an airport hastily constructed by the Austrians in 1917, by laying wooden planks on a field in a flat area. This was the base from which aircraft took off during the Great War to "spy" on and photograph the Italian soldiers and their movements in the border area of Lombardy. The Croviana airport, now forgotten, is little more than a white strip of land amidst the green fields surrounding the few houses of the village.


Culture


Education


Croviana Primary School "Bartolomeo Pezzen"

The Croviana school building is housed in a recently constructed facility, designed to be functional and well-organized. The school spans four floors and includes seven classrooms, a computer lab, a practical activities lab, a support classroom, a gymnasium (also used by external visitors), and a school canteen. Additionally, the school is equipped with its own photovoltaic system. Located in the center of Croviana, the school is part of the Comprehensive Institute Bassa Val di Sole "G. Ciccolini," which includes the primary schools of Croviana,
Malé Malé is the capital and most populous city of the Maldives. With a population of 211,908 in 2022 within its administrative area and coterminous geographical area of , Malé is one of the most densely populated cities in the world. The city i ...
,
Caldes Caldes (''Caudés'' or ''Cjaudés'' in local dialect) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about northwest of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,04 ...
,
Dimaro Dimaro (in local dialect: ''Dimàr'') is a ''comune'' (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about northwest of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,193 and an area of ...
, and
Rabbi A rabbi (; ) is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi—known as ''semikha''—following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form of t ...
, as well as the lower secondary school in
Malé Malé is the capital and most populous city of the Maldives. With a population of 211,908 in 2022 within its administrative area and coterminous geographical area of , Malé is one of the most densely populated cities in the world. The city i ...
. The school’s identification code is TNEE833036.


MMape – The Bee Mill Museum

The Bee Mill Museum (''MMape''), inaugurated in 2014, is housed within an old mill located in the protected area of the Ontaneta di Croviana. This museum was established through the collaboration of the Municipality of Croviana, the Beekeepers' Association, and the Edmund Mach Foundation, with the aim of promoting and enhancing mountain beekeeping and the fascinating world of bees. MMape offers visitors a unique interactive experience, allowing them to explore the habits of bees and their crucial role in the ecosystem. Through guided tours, visitors can observe the life cycle of bees, learn about the daily dangers they face, and participate in tastings of various local honeys. The museum also serves as the headquarters of the Beekeepers' Association of the Sole,
Peio Peio (''Péj'' in local dialect) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about northwest of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,892 and an area of .All d ...
, and
Rabbi A rabbi (; ) is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi—known as ''semikha''—following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form of t ...
Valleys, which supports over 140 small beekeepers in the region. MMape is committed to raising public awareness about the importance of protecting these insects, which are essential for biodiversity and food production


Infrastructure and Transport

The village is crossed by the
Trento–Malè–Mezzana railway The Trento–Malé–Mezzana railway () is a metre gauge electric railway originally connecting Trento and Malé in Trentino, northern Italy. In 2002 it was extended to the Marilleva ski resort in the Italian Alps and in 2016 to Mezzana. The ...
, inaugurated in 1964 to replace the pre-existing tramway, and is served by the Croviana Station. The station is the first stop on the Malé-Mezzana railway extension, inaugurated in 2003. Croviana also has two bus stops: one in front of the elementary school and another at Via Nazionale 174.


Sports

The Croviana Adventure Center offers a wide range of outdoor activities suitable for families and sports enthusiasts. Fun activities such as paintball and bubble football provide opportunities for competition and entertainment among friends. For those who enjoy traditional sports, the center features archery, a five-a-side football pitch, a tennis court, and a beach volleyball court. Adventurous visitors can try canyoning, trekking, and mountain biking, thanks to the many trails and cycling paths in the area. In 1993, the Croviana sports center, located along the Noce River, was also the starting point for the trials of the World Canoe/Kayak Downhill Championships. Additionally, the center offers large green spaces for games and outdoor activities. During the summer, Croviana becomes an ideal meeting point for hikes, picnics, and relaxing moments in nature, making it a perfect spot to socialize and enjoy the stunning mountain landscape.


References


External links


Homepage of the city
Cities and towns in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol {{TrentinoAltoAdige-geo-stub