''Crossodactylus trachystomus'' is a species of

frog A frog is any member of a diverse and largely Carnivore, carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order (biology), order Anura (ανοὐρά, literally ''without tail'' in Ancient Greek). The oldest fossil "proto-f ...

in the family

Hylodidae Hylodidae, commonly known as giant Neotropical torrent frogs, is a family of frogs native to Brazil and northern Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the souther ...

. It is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

to the

Espinhaço Mountains The Espinhaço Mountains (, ) are a mountain range in Brazil. The range runs roughly north and south through the states of Minas Gerais and Bahia, extending for approximately . It forms the divide between the upper watershed of the São Francisco ...

Minas Gerais Minas Gerais () is a state in Southeastern Brazil. It ranks as the second most populous, the third by gross domestic product (GDP), and the fourth largest by area in the country. The state's capital and largest city, Belo Horizonte (literally ...

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

Taxonomy

Until 2015 three ''Crossodactylus'' species were known from the Espinhaço Mountains: ''Crossodactylus trachystomus'' (not observed in the field since the mid 1980s), an undescribed species most similar to ''C. trachystomus'', and ''Crossodactylus bokermanni'' described as a new species in 1985. Re-analysis of old samples and analysis of new samples could not show consistent differences between these taxa, for which ''Crossodactylus trachystomus'' is the valid name.

Description

Males measure and females in snout–vent length. The body is slender, and the head is longer than wide. The

canthus rostralis In snakes and amphibians, the canthus, canthal ridge or ''canthus rostralis'',Spawls S, Branch B. 1995. ''The Dangerous Snakes of Africa''. Ralph Curtis Books. Dubai: Oriental Press. 192 pp. . is the angle between the flat crown of the head and the ...

is sharp. The tympanum is distinct.

Habitat and conservation

''Crossodactylus trachystomus'' lives on the ground along permanent streams with sandy and rocky bottoms and bordered with grass and shrubs in montane savanna areas, and inside semideciduous

Atlantic Forest The Atlantic Forest ( pt, Mata Atlântica) is a South American forest that extends along the Atlantic coast of Brazil from Rio Grande do Norte state in the northeast to Rio Grande do Sul state in the south and inland as far as Paraguay and th ...

. Breeding takes place in streams where males call exposed on stones or from sandy margins.

Habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby ...

is occurring in the range of this species. It occurs in the

Serra do Cipó National Park The Serra do Cipó National Park ( pt, Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó) is a national park in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Location The park is in the Cerrado biome. It covers . It was created by decree 90.223 of 25 September 1984, modifi ...

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2238229 trachystomus Endemic fauna of Brazil Amphibians of Brazil Amphibians described in 1862 Taxa named by Christian Frederik Lütken Taxa named by Johannes Theodor Reinhardt Taxonomy articles created by Polbot