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A marketing co-operation or marketing cooperation is a
partnership A partnership is an agreement where parties agree to cooperate to advance their mutual interests. The partners in a partnership may be individuals, businesses, interest-based organizations, schools, governments or combinations. Organizations ...
of at least two companies on the
value chain A value chain is a progression of activities that a business or firm performs in order to deliver goods and services of Value (economics), value to an end customer. The concept comes from the field of business management and was first described ...
level of
marketing Marketing is the act of acquiring, satisfying and retaining customers. It is one of the primary components of Business administration, business management and commerce. Marketing is usually conducted by the seller, typically a retailer or ma ...
with the objective to tap the full potential of a
market Market is a term used to describe concepts such as: *Market (economics), system in which parties engage in transactions according to supply and demand *Market economy *Marketplace, a physical marketplace or public market *Marketing, the act of sat ...
by bundling specific competences or resources. Other terms for marketing co-operation are marketing alliance, marketing partnership, co-marketing, and cross-marketing. Sometimes, called as Consortium as well. Marketing co-operations are sensible when the marketing goals of two companies can be combined with a concrete performance measure for the
end consumer A consumer is a person or a group who intends to order, or use purchased goods, products, or Service (economics), services primarily for personal, social, family, household and similar needs, who is not directly related to entrepreneurial or busi ...
. Successful marketing co-operations generate “win-win-win” situations that offer value not only to both partnering companies but also to their customers. Marketing co-operations extend the perspective of marketing. While marketing measures deal with the optimal organization of the relationship between a company and its existing and potential customers, marketing co-operations audit to what extent the integration of a partner can contribute to improving the relationship between companies and customers. In recent years, marketing co-operations have been increasingly popular between brands and entertainment properties. This usually involves a minimum exchange of name and image rights on behalf of a film studio for a specified advertising commitment from the partnering brand.


Importance

The importance of marketing co-operations has significantly increased over the last few years: Companies recognize partnerships as an effective means for untapping growth potentials they cannot realize on their own. In the big
merger and acquisition Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are business transactions in which the ownership of a company, business organization, or one of their operating units is transferred to or consolidated with another entity. They may happen through direct absorpt ...
wave at the end of the nineties it became apparent, that co-operations (especially on the value chain level of marketing) often present a much more flexible approach with a more immediate growth impact than merging or acquiring entire business entities. Studies show, that companies recognise the increasing relevance and potential of co-operations.


Objectives

There are five main objectives of marketing co-operations: * Build-up and/or strengthening of
brand A brand is a name, term, design, symbol or any other feature that distinguishes one seller's goods or service from those of other sellers. Brands are used in business, marketing, and advertising for recognition and, importantly, to create and ...
/
image An image or picture is a visual representation. An image can be Two-dimensional space, two-dimensional, such as a drawing, painting, or photograph, or Three-dimensional space, three-dimensional, such as a carving or sculpture. Images may be di ...
/traffic by implementing joint or exchange
communication Communication is commonly defined as the transmission of information. Its precise definition is disputed and there are disagreements about whether Intention, unintentional or failed transmissions are included and whether communication not onl ...
measures * Access to new markets/customers by directly addressing the co-operation partner’s customers or by using its distribution points * Increase of customer
loyalty Loyalty is a Fixation (psychology), devotion to a country, philosophy, group, or person. Philosophers disagree on what can be an object of loyalty, as some argue that loyalty is strictly interpersonal and only another human being can be the obj ...
by addressing own customers with value added offerings from the partner - often useful for community building * Reduction of marketing costs by bundling or exchanging marketing measures * Measure the potential value of an
intangible asset An intangible asset is an asset that lacks physical substance. Examples are patents, copyright, exclusive franchises, Goodwill (accounting), goodwill, trademarks, and trade names, reputation, Research and development, R&D, Procedural knowledge, ...
through how much consumers are willing to pay the premium 3M'
corporate site describes the value they see in Joint Marketing
:Joint marketing refers to a situation where a product is manufactured by one company and distributed by another company. Both parties invest in commercialization efforts. Joint marketing differs from a joint venture in that it deals with commercialization and marketing dollars, rather than equity. The prominence of each logo generally is relative to its use as a primary or secondary contributor. Joint marketing differs from third-party relationships because both brands are present in the product itself. Normally, third-party relationships have both brands on literature and sales materials, but only the manufacturer is present on the product.


Forms

Marketing co-operations can take on many different forms, for instance: * Joint
product development New product development (NPD) or product development in business and engineering covers the complete process of launching a new product to the market. Product development also includes the renewal of an existing product and introducing a product ...
or
Co-branding Co-branding is a marketing strategy that involves strategic alliance of multiple brand names jointly used on a single product or service. Co-branding is an arrangement that associates a single product or service with more than one brand name, ...
* Joint
communication Communication is commonly defined as the transmission of information. Its precise definition is disputed and there are disagreements about whether Intention, unintentional or failed transmissions are included and whether communication not onl ...
or “Co-
advertising Advertising is the practice and techniques employed to bring attention to a Product (business), product or Service (economics), service. Advertising aims to present a product or service in terms of utility, advantages, and qualities of int ...
“ * Joint sales measures or
Co-promotion Co-promotion is a marketing practice that allows two or more companies to combine their sales force in order to promote a product under the same brand name and price with a single marketing strategy.Currentpartnering.com, (2015). ''Co-promotion''. ...
* Co-marketing">...
* Co-marketing * Co-marketing * Cross media">Co-marketing">...
* Co-marketing * Cross media * [ Sponsoring * Branded entertainment">roduct bundling * sponsor (commercial)">Sponsoring * Branded entertainment * Product placement * Music-brand partnerships * Sales partnerships * Licensing


Examples

Examples of marketing co-operations include: * Apple Inc. and Nike Inc. have formed a long term partnership to jointly develop and sell “
Nike+iPod Nike often refers to: * Nike, Inc., a major American producer of athletic shoes, apparel, and sports equipment * Nike (mythology), a Greek goddess who personifies victory Nike may also refer to: People * Nike (name), a surname and feminine given ...
” products. The "Nike + iPod Sport Kit" links Nike+ products with Apple's MP3-Player iPod nano, so that performance data such as distance, pace, or burned calories can be displayed on the MP3-Player’s interface. * The South Korean manufacturer of electronics products
LG Electronics LG Electronics Inc. () is a South Korean Multinational corporation, multinational major appliance and consumer electronics corporation headquartered in Yeouido-dong, Seoul, South Korea. LG Electronics is a part of LG, LG Corporation, the fourth ...
has teamed up with the luxury brand
Prada Prada S.p.A. (, ; ) is an Italian luxury fashion house founded in 1913 in Milan by Mario Prada. It specializes in leather handbags, travel accessories, shoes, ready-to-wear, and other fashion accessories. Prada licenses its name and branding ...
in order to better tap the potential of the growing mobile phone high-end market by creating a Prada branded phone, the “ Prada phone by LG”. *
Opel Opel Automobile GmbH (), usually shortened to Opel, is a German automobile manufacturer which has been a subsidiary of Stellantis since 16 January 2021. It was owned by the American automaker General Motors from 1929 until 2017 and the PSA Gr ...
and Mango have established a pan-European marketing cooperation around the Tigra TwinTop campaign "Every street is a catwalk" with a focus on communication. This cooperation includes joint marketing communication, events/PR, and promotional activities. *
YouTube YouTube is an American social media and online video sharing platform owned by Google. YouTube was founded on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim who were three former employees of PayPal. Headquartered in ...
and
NBA The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a professional basketball league in North America composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada). The NBA is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Ca ...
have joined forces to develop a special NBA Channel on the video platform, which is an individualised microsite providing primarily NBA material and offering user recordings of NBA games/players. *
NAPA Auto Parts The National Automotive Parts Association (NAPA, also known as NAPA Auto Parts), is an American retailers' cooperative distributing automotive replacement parts, accessories, and service items throughout North America. Established in 1925, NAPA i ...
sponsors th
Napa Parts 200
Through this sponsorship, Napa Auto Parts validates to
NASCAR The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, LLC (NASCAR) is an American auto racing sanctioning and operating company that is best known for stock car racing. It is considered to be one of the top ranked motorsports organizations in ...
fans that Napa Auto Parts is the place to go for quality auto parts
NASCAR gets promoted by Napa Auto Parts.
Napa's competitor, Kragen also sponsors NASCAR in the form of th
Winternationals
* Banner and link exchanges
Linkexchange LinkExchange was a popular Internet advertising cooperative, similar in function to a webring, originally known as Internet Link Exchange or ILE. It was founded in March 1996 by 23-year-old Harvard graduates Tony Hsieh (who later went on to inv ...
Examples of entertainment based marketing co-operations include: *
Omega Omega (, ; uppercase Ω, lowercase ω; Ancient Greek ὦ, later ὦ μέγα, Modern Greek ωμέγα) is the twenty-fourth and last letter in the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numerals, Greek numeric system/isopsephy (gematria), it has a value ...
partnered with the James Bond franchise to help promote their watches; Daniel Craig appeared in advertisements. * The SMC Group worked with Alexandra Burke and
Unilever Unilever PLC () is a British multinational consumer packaged goods company headquartered in London, England. It was founded on 2 September 1929 following the merger of Dutch margarine producer Margarine Unie with British soap maker Lever B ...
on the company's Sure Deodorant Campaign. This was done during her album cycle, helping to promote album sales as well as Unilever's product.


References


Further reading

* Cristal, James (2018). "The Complete Guide to Partnership Marketing: How to create successful marketing collaborations". London. * {{Cite journal , last1 = Conlon , first1 = J. K. , last2 = Giovagnoli , first2 = M. K. , title = The power of two: how companies of all sizes can build alliance networks that generate business opportunities , place = San Francisco , publisher =
Jossey-Bass John Wiley & Sons, Inc., commonly known as Wiley (), is an American multinational publishing company that focuses on academic publishing and instructional materials. The company was founded in 1807 and produces books, journals, and encyclope ...
, year = 1998 , isbn =


External links

* Bucklin Louis P., Sengupta Sanjit.
Organizing Successful Co-Marketing Alliances
Journal of Marketing v57, n2 (Apr 1993):32-46 Marketing techniques