''Crocidosema'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
tortrix moth
The Tortricidae are a family of moths, commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths, in the order Lepidoptera. This large family has over 11,000 species described, and is the sole member of the superfamily Tortricoidea, although the genu ...
s (
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Tortricidae) belonging to the
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...
Eucosmini
The Eucosmini are a tribe of tortrix moth
The Tortricidae are a family of moths, commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths, in the order Lepidoptera. This large family has over 11,000 species described, and is the sole member of the ...
of
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...
Olethreutinae
Olethreutinae is a subfamily of moths in the family Tortricidae.
Genera ''incertae sedis''
This tortricine genus has not been assigned to a tribe yet:
:''Melanalopha''
References
* Olethreutine Moths of the Midwestern United States, An Ident ...
. They are found mostly in the
Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the
Neotropics
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In biogeog ...
. But some occur elsewhere, such as on the
Hawaiian Islands
The Hawaiian Islands () are an archipelago of eight major volcanic islands, several atolls, and numerous smaller islets in the Pacific Ocean, North Pacific Ocean, extending some from the Hawaii (island), island of Hawaii in the south to nort ...
.
[Baixeras ''et al.'' (2010ab)]
At least some of them can be recognized by their wing veins. In the hindwings, vein 3 and 4 originate from a common stalk, and are approached by the fifth vein at its end. In the forewings, veins 4-6 converge at the termen.
These moths are mostly small and inconspicuous. But ''
C. plebejana'' is an occasional
pest of
cotton
Cotton (), first recorded in ancient India, is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus '' Gossypium'' in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure ...
(and some other mostly
malvaceous plants) and has become widely distributed by trade in agricultural produce, while the
lantana flower-cluster moth (''C. lantana'') is employed in ''
Lantana
''Lantana'' () is a genus of about 150 species of perennial plant, perennial flowering plants in the verbena family, Verbenaceae. They are native to tropics, tropical regions of the Americas and Africa but exist as an introduced species in num ...
''
biocontrol
Biological control or biocontrol is a method of pest control, controlling pests, whether pest animals such as insects and mites, weeds, or pathogens affecting animals or phytopathology, plants by bioeffector, using other organisms. It relies o ...
and has been deliberately introduced to some locations.
Species
As of 2010, the 29 described
species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
of ''Crocidosema'' are:
[Baixeras ''et al.'' (2010b)]
* ''
Crocidosema accessa''
(Heinrich, 1931)
* ''
Crocidosema apicinota''
(Turner, 1946)
* ''
Crocidosema aporema''
(Walsingham, 1914)
* ''
Crocidosema callida''
Meyrick, 1917
* ''
Crocidosema calvifrons''
(Walsingham, 1891)
* ''
Crocidosema cecidogena''
(Kieffer, 1908)
* ''
Crocidosema compsoptila''
Meyrick, 1936
* ''
Crocidosema cosmoptila''
Meyrick, 1917
* ''
Crocidosema evidens''
(Meyrick, 1917)
* ''
Crocidosema impendens''
Meyrick, 1917
* ''
Crocidosema insulana''
Aurivillius, 1922
* ''
Crocidosema lantana''
Busck, 1910 – lantana flower-cluster moth, lantana tortricid moth
* ''
Crocidosema leprarum''
Walsingham in Sharp, 1907
* ''
Crocidosema leptozona''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Crocidosema longipalpana''
(Moschler, 1891)
* ''
Crocidosema nitsugai''
Vargas, 2019 [[Vargas HA (2019) A new species of Crocidosema Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) from the Andes of northern Chile. Nota Lepidopterologica 42(2): 129-136. https://doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.38341 https://nl.pensoft.net/article/38341/]]
* ''Crocidosema marcidellum''
Walsingham in Sharp, 1907
* ''Crocidosema meridospila''
(Meyrick, 1922)
* ''Crocidosema orfilai''
Pastrana, 1964
* ''
Crocidosema perplexana''
(Fernald, 1901)
* ''
Crocidosema plebejana''
Zeller, 1847
* ''
Crocidosema pollutana''
(Zeller, 1877)
* ''
Crocidosema pristinana''
(Zeller, 1877)
* ''
Crocidosema pyrrhulana''
(Zeller, 1877)
* ''
Crocidosema roraria''
Meyrick, 1917
* ''
Crocidosema sediliata''
(Meyrick, 1912)
* ''
Crocidosema thematica''
(Meyrick, 1918)
* ''
Crocidosema unica''
(Heinrich, 1923)
* ''
Crocidosema venata''
Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2006
* ''
Crocidosema veternana''
(Zeller, 1877)
(incomplete list)
Footnotes
References
* (2010a)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
Genus ''Crocidosema'' account Version 2.0. Retrieved 2011-OCT-15.
* (2010b)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
''Crocidosema'' species list Version 2.0. Retrieved 2011-OCT-15.
* (1986): Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago. ''Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology'' 416: 1-485
PDF fulltext (214 MB!)
* (2004)
Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species&ndash
''Crocidosema'' Version of 2004-NOV-05. Retrieved 2011-OCT-15.
Eucosmini
Tortricidae genera
Taxa named by Philipp Christoph Zeller
{{Eucosmini-stub